specialised
specialised — 形容詞
1. involving or requiring deep skill, training, or knowledge in one particular area
專門的
需要專門知識或訓練的
involving or requiring deep skill, training, or knowledge in one particular area of work or study, rather than covering a broad range of topics.
Takeshi completed a specialised training course in cardiac nursing before joining the hospital team.
Takeshi 在加入醫院團隊之前，完成了一項專門的心臟護理訓練課程。
specialised + noun for area of training
The centre offers specialised support for children who have difficulty with reading and writing.
這間中心為有讀寫困難的兒童提供專門的支援服務。
Asher's firm builds specialised computer components for use in the film industry.
Asher 的公司為電影業製造專門的電腦零件。
The charity provides highly specialised legal advice to refugees seeking asylum.
這間慈善機構為尋求庇護的難民提供高度專門的法律諮詢。
文法句型
specialised + noun
be/get + highly specialised
用法筆記
Commonly used before a noun. Adverbs such as 'highly', 'very', or 'increasingly' are frequently placed before 'specialised' to indicate the extent of specialisation.
常見錯誤
2. having developed or been designed to perform one particular function, especially
特化；專用
為特定功能而設計或發展的
having developed or been designed to perform one particular function, especially in biology or technology.
The bird's beak is a specialised tool for catching small fish in shallow water.
這種鳥的喙是一種專門用來在淺水中抓小魚的工具。
Putri uses specialised software to create three-dimensional models of new buildings.
Putri 使用專門的軟體來製作新建築的三維模型。
specialised + noun for purpose-built tool
Over millions of years, the plant's leaves became specialised for storing water in dry climates.
歷經數百萬年，這種植物的葉子演化為專門在乾燥氣候中儲水的構造。
The octopus has specialised skin cells that allow it to change colour in seconds.
章魚擁有特化的皮膚細胞，能在數秒內改變顏色。
- adapted
broader; implies a change for a purpose but not necessarily one exclusive function
- customised
for equipment or software that has been modified for a particular user's needs
- general-purpose
designed for many different uses rather than one specific function
- unspecialised
not having a specialised role or function
文法句型
specialised + noun
become + specialised
用法筆記
Frequently used in biology and technology contexts to describe parts of organisms or tools that have evolved or been built for a single purpose. In biology, 'specialised' contrasts with 'generalised' (i.e. not adapted for one specific function).
specialised — 動詞
1. used as the past tense and past participle of 'specialise' — meaning to focus on
專攻；專精
專注於某特定領域
used as the past tense and past participle of 'specialise' — meaning to focus on one particular area of work, study, or business rather than covering many areas.
During her studies, Zola specialised in Japanese art history and spent a year in Kyoto.
Zola 在學期間專攻日本藝術史，並在京都待了一年。
specialised in + field of study
The clinic has specialised in treating sports injuries for over twenty years.
這間診所專攻運動傷害治療已經超過二十年。
has specialised in + gerund for ongoing focus
Omar's company originally made general furniture but later specialised in handmade wooden chairs.
Omar 的公司原本做一般家具，後來轉而專門生產手工木椅。
Sahil's family bakery has specialised in sourdough bread for three generations.
Sahil 家的麵包店三代以來都專精於製作酸種麵包。
Nellie specialised in environmental law during her final year at university.
Nellie 在大學最後一年專攻環境法。
- focused on
less formal and implies directing attention, not necessarily exclusive expertise
- concentrated on
similar to 'focused on'; suggests dedicating effort without excluding other areas entirely
文法句型
specialised in + noun/gerund
用法筆記
This verb entry covers the past simple and past participle uses of 'specialise', which in British English is spelt with an 's'. The verb always takes 'in' before the area of specialisation, followed by a noun (specialised in heart surgery) or a gerund (specialised in treating burns).