statute
statute — 名詞
1. a rule passed by a country's legislature and recorded in writing, forming part o
成文法；法規
經立法機關正式通過的書面法律
a rule passed by a country's legislature and recorded in writing, forming part of the official legal code that courts can enforce
The new statute on data protection was passed by parliament in March of last year.
去年三月，國會通過了新的資料保護成文法。
statute + on + [topic]
Under the statute, all employers must provide safe working conditions for their staff.
根據該法規，所有雇主必須為員工提供安全工作環境。
under + [article] + statute
The city council introduced a statute banning single-use plastic bags in local shops.
市議會通過了一項法規，禁止當地商店使用一次性塑膠袋。
Diya explained that the statute gave citizens the right to access government documents.
Diya 解釋說，該法規賦予了公民查閱政府文件的權利。
By statute, all new buildings in the area must include wheelchair-accessible entrances.
根據法規，該地區所有新建築都必須設有輪椅無障礙入口。
- law
broader term; statute refers specifically to a written law passed by a legislature
- legislation
uncountable and more general; 'statute' is a countable unit of legislation
- act
often interchangeable, but 'act' is the term used for a single piece of legislation passed by a parliament
- regulation
more specific; regulations are rules created by government agencies under authority granted by a statute
- common law
law based on court decisions and custom, not on written statutes
文法句型
statute + on + [topic]
under + [article/determiner] + statute
by statute
用法筆記
Use with the preposition 'on' to state the topic of the law (a statute on immigration), and with 'under' to describe what the law requires or permits (under the statute, landlords must...). 'By statute' functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'according to the law.'
常見錯誤
2. refers to the status of a law after it has been officially approved, added to a
法典
法律經正式批准且記錄在案
refers to the status of a law after it has been officially approved, added to a country's written legal collection, and become enforceable by courts
The new environmental law reached the statute book after three years of debate in parliament.
這項新環保法經過三年的議會辯論後，終於列入法典。
reaches the statute book (becomes law)
The statute book includes many old laws, but the police rarely act on them.
法典中包含許多舊法，但警方很少據此執法。
Eleni learned that a law from 1835 is still on the statute book in her country.
Eleni 得知她國家裡一部 1835 年的法律至今仍在法典中。
The government promised to place stronger consumer protections on the statute book by next year.
政府承諾在明年之前將更完善的消費者保護措施納入法典。
- on the books
American English equivalent of 'on the statute book'
- in force
describes a law that is currently active and enforceable
- repealed
a law that has been officially removed from the statute book
文法句型
on the statute book
reach(es) the statute book
用法筆記
This sense appears almost exclusively in the fixed phrases 'on the statute book' (meaning the law exists and is in effect) and 'reaches the statute book' (meaning the law becomes officially enacted). More common in British English than American English. American speakers typically use 'on the books' instead.
常見錯誤
3. a formal written rule adopted by a company, club, university, or other organizat
章程；規章
組織內部的正式書面規定
a formal written rule adopted by a company, club, university, or other organization that its members are expected to follow
The university's statutes require all student organisations to submit annual financial reports.
該大學的章程規定，所有學生組織必須提交年度財務報告。
[organization]'s statutes require + [action]
According to the company statute, the board must hold at least four meetings each year.
根據公司章程，董事會每年應至少召開四次會議。
The sports club changed its statute to allow non-resident members to vote in elections.
該體育俱樂部修改了章程，允許非本地居民會員參與選舉投票。
The hospital updated its statutes to include a clear policy on patient data privacy.
該醫院更新了規章，將病人資料隱私的明確政策納入其中。
- by-law
a specific type of statute made by a local authority or organization, often more detailed
- rule
broader and less formal; statutes are formal, written rules of an organization
- regulation
similar but often refers to rules issued by a governing body rather than adopted by the organization itself
文法句型
[organization] + 's + statute(s)
under + [possessive] + statute(s)
用法筆記
This sense typically appears in plural form (statutes) when referring to the complete set of rules governing an organization. Use 'under the statutes' to describe what the rules require: 'under the club's statutes, the treasurer is elected each year.' Distinguish from sense 1: organizational statutes are internal rules, not national laws.