survived

survived — 動詞

1. to remain alive after going through a dangerous event, a serious illness, or ano

1.動詞及物 / 不及物B1
釋義

存活；倖免

在危險或困境後繼續活著

to remain alive after going through a dangerous event, a serious illness, or another life-threatening experience

例句

Quan survived the earthquake because he was already outside when the shaking began.

Quan 在地震中倖存下來，因為搖晃開始時他已經在戶外了。

survive + noun phrase (earthquake)

Only three of the twelve passengers survived the plane crash in the mountains.

十二名乘客中只有三人在山區空難中倖存。

同義詞
  • live through

    more informal, emphasises the experience of passing through the event

  • come through

    informal, suggests the danger is completely over; often used with 'safely'

  • withstand

    more formal, emphasises resistance or endurance against something

  • endure

    focuses on suffering through hardship over time rather than the outcome

反義詞
  • die

    the direct opposite — not continue living

  • perish

    more formal or literary, often with dramatic register

  • succumb

    formal; to die from a disease or injury, often despite efforts to survive

文法句型

survive + noun phrase (the accident, the illness, the war)

survive (intransitive — no object needed)

survive + through + noun phrase

survive + to + infinitive

用法筆記

Frequently used with nouns for dangerous situations (accident, crash, illness, disaster, attack, war). Can be used transitively (survived the surgery) or intransitively (The patient survived). Unlike the Chinese pattern 從…中倖存, do not add 'from' after survive.

常見錯誤

❌He survived from the car accident.
✅He survived the car accident.
💡survive is a transitive verb in this sense and does not need 'from'.

2. to live longer than someone who has died, especially a relative, so that you rem

2.動詞及物B2
釋義

比…活得久

在某人去世後繼續存活

to live longer than someone who has died, especially a relative, so that you remain alive after they have passed away

例句

Christopher survived his older brother by nearly thirty years.

Christopher 比他哥哥多活了將近三十年。

survive + person + by + time period

The grandmother survived her husband and lived alone for another twelve years.

那位祖母比丈夫活得久，之後又獨自生活了十二年。

同義詞
  • outlive

    more formal, commonly used in formal writing and statistics

  • outlast

    emphasises lasting beyond a limit or end point; can also apply to things

反義詞
  • predecease

    formal opposite — to die before someone else

文法句型

survive + person (someone's spouse, parent, child)

survive + person + by + time period

用法筆記

The direct object must be a person (or group of people), typically a family member. This sense cannot be used intransitively — you must say who was survived. The time difference is introduced with 'by' (not 'for'): She survived her husband by ten years.

常見錯誤

❌She survived for ten years her husband.
✅She survived her husband by ten years.
💡the time period comes after the person and uses 'by', not 'for'.