thinking
thinking — 名詞
1. the mental work of forming ideas, finding solutions, or deciding between options
思考；思索
運用心智形成想法的過程
the mental work of forming ideas, finding solutions, or deciding between options
Minh sat quietly, deep in thought, doing some serious thinking about his career options.
Minh 靜靜坐著，陷入沉思，認真思考自己的職涯選擇。
collocation: deep in thought / serious thinking
Creative thinking is an essential skill for anyone working in design or marketing.
對從事設計或行銷工作的人來說，創意思考是必備技能。
adjective + thinking: creative / critical / careful
After two hours of careful thinking, the committee reached a unanimous decision.
經過兩個小時仔細思考後，委員會達成了一致決定。
The doctor advised her to set aside time for calm thinking each day.
醫生建議她每天撥出時間冷靜思考。
- thought
more abstract or refers to a single idea; 'thinking' emphasises the active process
- reasoning
more formal and logical; implies step-by-step deduction rather than open-ended reflection
- contemplation
slower, deeper, often with a spiritual or meditative quality
2. a person's set of opinions or the reasons they have for believing something
看法；想法
個人對某事的意見或理由
a person's set of opinions or the reasons they have for believing something
Isabela shared her thinking on the new policy during the staff meeting.
Isabela 在員工會議上分享了她對新政策的看法。
possessive: her thinking on [topic]
Could you explain your thinking behind the decision to close the branch office?
可以請你說明關閉分公司這項決定背後的想法嗎？
pattern: thinking behind [decision]
The team presented their thinking in a clear report, which the board approved quickly.
團隊將他們的構想寫成一份清晰的報告，董事會很快就批准了。
Reema asked for more time to turn her thinking into a proper proposal.
Reema 要求更多時間，好把她的想法變成正式的提案。
用法筆記
Commonly appears with possessive determiners (my, her, their) and prepositions on, about, or behind to introduce the topic.
常見錯誤
3. a widely held idea or belief among a particular group of people about a subject
主流觀念
某群體普遍接受的信念
a widely held idea or belief among a particular group of people about a subject
The current thinking among nutritionists is that whole foods are better than supplements.
目前營養學界的主流看法是，天然食物比保健食品更好。
pattern: current thinking + that-clause
Modern thinking in education favours project-based learning over rote memorisation.
現代教育觀念傾向於專題式學習，而非死記硬背。
adjective + thinking in [field]
According to traditional thinking, the ritual must be performed at sunrise to be effective.
按照傳統觀念，這項儀式必須在日出時進行才有效。
Current thinking among paediatricians is that screen time should be limited for toddlers.
目前小兒科醫界的主流看法是，幼兒應限制使用螢幕的時間。
- belief
more personal and less tied to a collective perspective
- doctrine
more formal and institutional; implies a fixed system
- school of thought
a full intellectual tradition rather than a single belief
文法句型
the/current thinking + that-clause
用法筆記
Mostly used with adjectives like current, modern, traditional, conventional, or latest. The that-clause construction is especially common in academic and professional writing. Distinct from sense 2 in that it describes a shared, group-level view rather than an individual's opinion.
thinking — 形容詞
1. using careful thought and reason rather than acting on emotion; able to examine
理性的
善用理性而非憑感覺行事
using careful thought and reason rather than acting on emotion; able to examine ideas seriously
The class debates were designed to turn students into independent, thinking citizens.
課堂辯論的目的，是培養學生成為能獨立思考的公民。
attributive use: thinking citizens / thinking people
Any thinking person can see that the current recycling system needs major changes.
任何有理性的人都看得出來，目前的回收系統需要大幅改革。
As a thinking person, Yael addressed the criticism with logic and evidence.
身為一個會理性思考的人，Yael 用邏輯和證據回應批評。
The documentary is aimed at a thinking audience who want more than simple entertainment.
這部紀錄片鎖定有思考力的觀眾，他們要的不只是簡單的娛樂。
- thoughtful
can be used both before and after a noun; also implies kindness and consideration
- rational
focuses on logic rather than emotion; stronger emphasis on reason
- intellectual
more formal; suggests academic or scholarly habits of mind
- thoughtless
acting without care or consideration
- emotional
driven by feelings rather than reason
用法筆記
Almost always used attributively (before a noun). The noun typically refers to a person or group of people — thinking man/woman/person/audience/public. Uncommon in predicative position.