thomson
thomson — 人名
1. George Paget Thomson, a British physicist who shared a 1937 Nobel Prize for show
子湯姆森
諾貝爾獎物理學家，電子繞射先驅
George Paget Thomson, a British physicist who shared a 1937 Nobel Prize for showing that electrons behave like waves when they pass through a crystal.
George Paget Thomson won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1937 for his electron diffraction experiments.
喬治·佩吉特·湯姆森因電子繞射實驗獲得1937年諾貝爾物理學獎。
subject + won + [prize] for + [achievement]
The physics professor asked the class to compare Thomson's findings with those of his father, J.J. Thomson.
物理教授要求全班比較湯姆森的研究成果與其父J.J. 湯姆森的成果。
In a 1927 experiment, George Paget Thomson proved that a beam of electrons can create a diffraction pattern.
1927年，喬治·佩吉特·湯姆森透過實驗證明電子束能產生繞射圖案。
When Thomson shared the 1937 Nobel Prize, his work confirmed a key prediction of quantum theory.
湯姆森於1937年獲諾貝爾獎時，其研究證實了量子力學的一項關鍵預測。
2. James Thomson (1700–1748), a Scottish poet best known for his long nature poem '
詩人詹姆士
18世紀蘇格蘭詩人，作品《四季》
James Thomson (1700–1748), a Scottish poet best known for his long nature poem 'The Seasons,' which influenced the Romantic movement in English literature.
James Thomson published 'The Seasons' in installments between 1726 and 1730.
詹姆士·湯姆森的《四季》於1726年至1730年間分期出版。
published + [work] + in + [time phrase]
Tamar read Thomson's poem 'Winter' for her English literature class last semester.
Tamar 上學期在英國文學課上讀了湯姆森的詩作〈冬〉。
Many literary historians consider Thomson a key influence on later Romantic poets like Wordsworth.
許多文學史家認為湯姆森對後來的浪漫派詩人如華茲華斯有重要影響。
Dario found Thomson's descriptions of nature surprisingly fresh for an 18th-century poem.
Dario 覺得湯姆森對自然的描寫，對一首18世紀的詩來說意外地清新。
3. James Thomson (1834–1882), a Scottish poet who published under the pen name B. V
詩人B.V.
19世紀蘇格蘭詩人，筆名B. V.
James Thomson (1834–1882), a Scottish poet who published under the pen name B. V. (Bysshe Vanolis) and is remembered for his dark, pessimistic poem 'The City of Dreadful Night.'
James Thomson, using the pen name B. V., published 'The City of Dreadful Night' in 1874.
詹姆士·湯姆森以筆名 B. V. 於1874年發表〈恐怖之夜城〉。
using the pen name + [pseudonym]
Faisal wrote his term paper on the pessimistic imagery in Thomson's 'The City of Dreadful Night.'
Faisal 的學期報告探討湯姆森〈恐怖之夜城〉中的悲觀意象。
Scholars often describe Thomson's work as a bridge between Victorian poetry and early modernist verse.
學者常將湯姆森的作品形容為維多利亞詩歌與現代主義詩歌之間的橋梁。
Caio compared Thomson's bleak tone in 'The City of Dreadful Night' to Thomas Hardy's late poetry.
Caio 將湯姆森在〈恐怖之夜城〉中的陰鬱筆調與湯瑪斯·哈代晚期詩作相比。
用法筆記
This poet (1834–1882) is a different person from James Thomson the 18th-century poet. To avoid confusion, scholars often refer to the earlier one as 'Thomson of The Seasons' and the later one as 'B. V. Thomson.'
4. Sir John Arthur Thomson, a Scottish naturalist who wrote widely accessible books
生物學家
蘇格蘭博物學家與科普作家
Sir John Arthur Thomson, a Scottish naturalist who wrote widely accessible books about biology, including 'The Biology of Birds' and 'The Outline of Science.'
John Arthur Thomson wrote popular science books that introduced biology to a general audience.
約翰·亞瑟·湯姆森撰寫科普書籍，向大眾介紹生物學知識。
wrote + [type of book] + that + [purpose]
Thomson's 'The Outline of Science' was first published in 1922 and ran through many editions.
湯姆森的《科學綱要》於1922年首次出版，多次再版。
The librarian recommended Thomson's work to Henry as an introduction to natural history.
圖書館員向 Henry 推薦湯姆森的著作，作為自然史的入門讀物。
Eve borrowed Thomson's 'The Biology of Birds' from the school library for her biology project.
Eve 從學校圖書館借了湯姆森的《鳥類生物學》來做生物專題。
5. Sir Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940), the English physicist who discovered the el
電子發現者
發現電子的英國物理學家
Sir Joseph John Thomson (1856–1940), the English physicist who discovered the electron in 1897 and proposed the 'plum pudding' model of the atom.
J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897 while studying cathode rays.
J.J. 湯姆森於1897年研究陰極射線時發現電子。
[person] + discovered + [object] + in + [year]
Thomson's plum pudding model described atoms as a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded inside.
湯姆森的葡萄乾布丁模型將原子描述為帶正電的球體，內部嵌有電子。
possessive + [theory/model] + described + [noun] + as + [metaphor]
Every physics student learns about Thomson's cathode ray experiment as a turning point in atomic theory.
每個物理系學生都會學到湯姆森的陰極射線實驗，這是原子理論的重要轉折點。
When J.J. Thomson presented his electron discovery, many scientists were sceptical at first.
J.J. 湯姆森發表電子發現時，許多科學家起初持懷疑態度。
用法筆記
Often referred to as 'J.J. Thomson' to distinguish him from his son, George Paget Thomson (sense 1). His full title includes the honorific 'Sir.'
6. Virgil Garnett Thomson, an American composer and music critic who wrote operas,
作曲家
美國作曲家與音樂評論家
Virgil Garnett Thomson, an American composer and music critic who wrote operas, film scores, and influential reviews for the New York Herald Tribune.
Virgil Thomson composed the music for the documentary film 'The River' in 1937.
維吉爾·湯姆森於1937年為紀錄片《河流》創作配樂。
[person] + composed + [work] + for + [medium]
Thomson won a Pulitzer Prize for Music in 1949 for his score to the film 'Louisiana Story.'
湯姆森以電影《路易斯安那故事》的配樂獲得1949年普立茲音樂獎。
Élise read Thomson's music reviews from the 1940s to understand how critics shaped public taste.
Élise 閱讀1940年代湯姆森的樂評，藉此了解樂評人如何影響大眾品味。
Tariq played Thomson's opera 'Four Saints in Three Acts' during his music history presentation.
Tariq 在音樂史課堂報告中播放了湯姆森的歌劇《三幕劇中的四聖人》。
7. William Thomson (1824–1907), better known as Lord Kelvin or Baron Kelvin, a Brit
克耳文
即克耳文男爵，熱力學先驅
William Thomson (1824–1907), better known as Lord Kelvin or Baron Kelvin, a British physicist who helped develop the laws of thermodynamics and gave his name to the Kelvin temperature scale.
Lord Kelvin helped formulate the second law of thermodynamics in the mid-1800s.
克耳文勳爵在19世紀中期協助確立了熱力學第二定律。
[title] + helped + [verb] + [scientific concept]
The Kelvin scale, named after William Thomson, is used in scientific temperature measurements.
以威廉·湯姆森命名的克耳文溫標，用於科學溫度測量。
passive: named after [person]
Scientists still use Thomson's absolute temperature scale for experiments in physics and chemistry.
科學家在物理和化學實驗中仍使用湯姆森的絕對溫標。
School textbooks often mention Kelvin's estimate of the Earth's age, though it was far too low.
教科書常提到克耳文對地球年齡的估計，儘管其數值遠低於實際。
用法筆記
William Thomson is almost always referred to by his title — 'Lord Kelvin' or 'Baron Kelvin' — rather than by his birth name. The word 'kelvin' (lowercase) as a unit of temperature derives from his name.