timber
timber — 名詞
1. Living trees that are planted and raised so their trunks can later be cut down a
林木
種植用於建築的樹木
Living trees that are planted and raised so their trunks can later be cut down and processed into boards or beams for construction.
The logging company owns large areas of standing timber in northern Sweden.
這家伐木公司在瑞典北部擁有廣大的林木區域。
standing timber — uncountable, refers to living trees
Mira's family has been harvesting timber from their land for three generations.
Mira 家三代以來一直從自家土地採收林木。
After the wildfire, the forestry service assessed the damage to the standing timber.
野火過後，林務局評估了存活林木的受損情況。
The government planted rows of pine as a sustainable timber crop for future use.
政府種植了成排的松樹，作為未來使用的永續林木作物。
2. Building material made from tree trunks that have been turned into boards and be
木料
已加工用於建築的木材
Building material made from tree trunks that have been turned into boards and beams ready for construction work.
The cabin was built using locally sourced timber and stone from the nearby hills.
這間小屋是用當地木料和附近山區的石頭建造的。
locally sourced timber — adjective + uncountable noun
Kwame ordered enough timber to build a large garden shed behind his house.
Kwame 訂購了足夠的木料，想在屋後搭建一個大花園工具間。
The old barn was made of dark, weathered timber that had lasted over a century.
那座舊穀倉由深色風化木料建成，歷經一個多世紀仍完好無損。
The price of construction timber has risen sharply this year across the whole region.
今年建築木料的價格在整個地區大幅上漲。
Ritu chose oak timber for the dining table because it is both strong and beautiful.
Ritu 選擇橡木木料做餐桌，因為它既堅固又美觀。
用法筆記
In British English, timber is the usual term for prepared construction wood. In American English, the equivalent word is lumber.
常見錯誤
3. A long, thick piece of wood that acts as a supporting beam in a building, ship,
木樑
建築物中支撐用的長木料
A long, thick piece of wood that acts as a supporting beam in a building, ship, or other large structure.
A heavy oak timber supported the roof of the medieval hall for centuries.
一根厚重的橡木樑數百年來一直支撐著中世紀大廳的屋頂。
Workers lifted a long timber into place to form the bridge main frame.
工人們將一根長木樑抬到定位，作為橋樑的主框架。
lifted a timber into place — physical handling of a countable timber
Hugo found a worm-eaten timber in the basement that needed replacing immediately.
Hugo 在地下室發現了一根被蟲蛀的木樑，需要立即更換。
The shipbuilders fitted new curved timbers into the hull of the wooden fishing boat.
造船工人將新的曲線木樑安裝到木製漁船的船身上。
Two vertical timbers on each side held the porch roof above the front door.
每側兩根垂直木樑支撐著前門上方的門廊屋頂。
用法筆記
Unlike the uncountable sense of timber (WOOD MATERIAL), this sense is countable — you can have one timber or several timbers. The guide_word BEAM helps distinguish it from BUILDING WOOD.
常見錯誤
timber — 感嘆詞
1. The word shouted by loggers to warn everyone nearby that a tree they have cut is
樹倒了！
砍樹時警告樹木將倒的叫喊聲
The word shouted by loggers to warn everyone nearby that a tree they have cut is starting to topple.
"Timber!" the logger shouted, and the great pine tree crashed to the forest floor.
「樹倒了！」伐木工人大喊一聲，那棵大松樹轟然倒在森林地面上。
used as an interjection warning
The whole crew heard the cry of "Timber!" and stepped back from the falling trunk.
整個團隊都聽到「樹倒了！」的喊叫聲，連忙向後退開倒下的樹幹。
Joon yelled "Timber!" as the old cedar began to tilt and the chainsaw fell silent.
Joon 大喊「樹倒了！」——那棵老雪松開始傾斜，鏈鋸聲也停了下來。
Visitors on the forest tour learned to shout "Timber!" when a tree began to fall.
森林導覽的遊客學會在看到樹木開始倒下時大喊「樹倒了！」。
用法筆記
This word functions as an interjection — it is not a noun or verb when used this way. It is shouted only at the moment a felled tree begins to fall, not before cutting starts.
timber — 動詞
1. To build the supporting frame of a structure using heavy wooden beams, or to cov
用木料建造
用粗木樑搭建或支撐結構
To build the supporting frame of a structure using heavy wooden beams, or to cover and strengthen a wall, roof, or tunnel with such beams.
The old cottage was timbered with massive oak beams that had darkened with age.
那間老舊小屋是用巨大的橡木樑搭建的，木頭隨著歲月已經變深。
passive: be timbered with [material]
The collapsing mine shaft was timbered with thick logs by the restoration team.
坍塌中的礦坑由修復團隊用厚實木料進行了支撐加固。
The walls were timbered on the inside to stop the cellar from caving in.
為了防止地下室在地震後塌陷，內牆用木料進行了加固。
The old barn was timbered with hand-cut beams from the family forest.
那座舊穀倉是用家族森林裡手工砍下的木樑建造的。
用法筆記
This verb is almost exclusively found in the past participle form (timbered), as in 'half-timbered house' or 'timbered walls.' The active form (e.g. 'they timbered the roof') is extremely rare in modern everyday English.