turned
turned — 動詞
- turnedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- turneds3rd person singular
- turneding-ing form
- turnededpast simple
1. to spin or cause something to spin around a central point, like a wheel on its a
旋轉；轉動
繞著中心點轉動
to spin or cause something to spin around a central point, like a wheel on its axle or a key inside a lock.
The Earth turns slowly on its axis, giving us day and night.
地球繞著地軸緩慢旋轉，帶來了白天和黑夜。
intransitive + 'on' for axis
Emre turned the handle and pushed the heavy wooden door open.
Emre 轉動門把，推開了那扇厚重的木門。
transitive: turn + object
The factory's giant metal gears began to turn slowly as the power was switched back on.
工廠的巨大金屬齒輪在電源重新開啟後開始緩緩轉動。
Lucía turned the key in the lock until she heard a satisfying click.
Lucía 轉動鎖裡的鑰匙，直到聽到一聲清脆的咔嗒聲。
Yuki watched the bicycle wheel turn as she spun it to check for any bent spokes.
Yuki 轉動自行車的輪子，檢查是否有彎曲的鋼絲。
- stop
cease rotating
- hold still
remain motionless
文法句型
turn + object (key / handle / wheel)
turn + on / around / round (axis or centre)
turn + adverbial (slowly / gently)
用法筆記
Frequently used with adverbs of manner (slowly, gently, quickly) and prepositions specifying the axis or centre (on, around, round).
常見錯誤
2. to move your body so that it faces a different direction, often by rotating on y
轉身；轉向
身體轉向不同方向
to move your body so that it faces a different direction, often by rotating on your feet or twisting your upper body.
Ravindra turned around when he heard someone call his name.
Ravindra 聽到有人叫他的名字，便轉過身去。
turn around — complete body rotation to face opposite
During the waltz, Chen turned his partner smoothly under his arm and dipped her at the final chord.
在跳華爾滋時，Chen 流暢地將舞伴轉了一圈，並在最後和弦時將她傾身一傾。
Sirin turned her head to look at the clock on the wall behind her.
Sirin 轉頭看向身後牆上的時鐘。
The teacher turned to face the class and began explaining the lesson.
老師轉向全班同學，開始解釋這堂課的內容。
Joon turned on his heel and walked out of the room without a word.
Joon 猛地一轉身，一句話也沒說就走出房間。
- rotate
more mechanical; less common for people
- spin around
faster and less controlled motion
- swivel
used for turning from a fixed point, e.g. in a chair
- face forward
remain looking straight ahead
- stay still
not move from current position
文法句型
turn + adverbial (around / away / round)
turn + body part + direction
turn + on + body part (heel)
用法筆記
Often used with particles like 'around', 'away', 'round' to indicate the direction of the body movement. The transitive pattern (turn + head / face / body) specifies which body part moves.
常見錯誤
3. to change the direction a vehicle, person, or moving object travels, by steering
轉向；轉彎
改變移動或面對的方向
to change the direction a vehicle, person, or moving object travels, by steering or following a new path rather than continuing straight.
The car turned left at the traffic lights and drove toward the bridge.
那輛車在紅綠燈處左轉，朝橋的方向駛去。
turn + direction (left/right)
Brian turned the boat toward the island when the wind picked up.
Brian 將船轉向島嶼的方向，因為風力變強了。
transitive: turn + object + toward
The path turns sharply just past the old oak tree on the hill.
這條小路在山頂的老橡樹旁來個急轉彎。
Eli turned his flashlight toward the noise coming from the bushes.
Eli 把手電筒轉向灌木叢中傳來聲響的方向。
Ayana turned the hose away from the flower bed and started watering the lawn.
Ayana 把水管從花圃轉開，開始澆灌草坪。
- change course
more formal; used for ships, planes, or plans
- veer
suggests a sudden, uncontrolled change
- swerve
a sharp, quick turn to avoid something
- go straight
continue in the same direction without turning
文法句型
turn + direction (left / right / north)
turn + object + direction / preposition
turn + into / onto / toward + place
用法筆記
Common with direction words (left, right, north) and prepositions of destination (into, onto, toward, away from). For vehicles, 'turn' can include using the steering wheel or handlebars.
常見錯誤
4. in cricket, when a ball sent by the bowler changes direction after it bounces on
偏轉
板球落地後突然轉向
in cricket, when a ball sent by the bowler changes direction after it bounces on the pitch, because of spin.
The bowler watched with satisfaction as the ball turned sharply past the batsman's bat.
投手滿意地看著球落地後急遽偏轉，越過了打者的球棒。
intransitive — ball turns + adverb (sharply)
On this dry pitch the ball turns a lot more than on a wet one.
在這塊乾燥的場地上，球的偏轉程度比潮濕場地大得多。
Esme practised bowling spin so the ball would turn after bouncing.
Esme 練習投旋轉球，讓球在彈跳後產生偏轉。
The ball turned unexpectedly and hit the stumps, sending the batter back to the pavilion.
球出乎意料地偏轉，擊中了三柱門，打者只好返回休息區。
文法句型
ball + turn + adverbial (sharply / a lot / unexpectedly)
用法筆記
Only used in cricket; not used for other ball sports. The amount of turn depends on pitch conditions and the bowler's technique (spin bowling).
常見錯誤
5. to move something so that the side that was facing down or hidden is now facing
翻轉；翻面
將物體轉到另一面朝上
to move something so that the side that was facing down or hidden is now facing up, or to fold back a page or sheet to see the other side.
Justin turned the page and continued reading the next chapter of the book.
Justin 翻了一頁，繼續閱讀書中的下一個章節。
transitive: turn a page / book leaf
The cat turned over and stretched its legs in the warm sun.
那隻貓翻了個身，在溫暖的陽光下伸了伸腿。
intransitive + over — animal rolling onto other side
Piotr turned the pancake with a quick flick of the frying pan.
Piotr 用平底鍋輕輕一甩，把煎餅翻了面。
Manuela turned the card over to read the message written on the back.
Manuela 把卡片翻過來，讀背面寫的訊息。
The farmer turned the soil in the field before planting the seeds.
農夫在播種前翻鬆了田裡的泥土。
- leave as is
not change which side faces up
文法句型
turn + object + over
turn + page / card / pancake
turn + over (intransitive)
用法筆記
The object being turned always has two distinct sides; this sense always involves exposing the opposite side or surface. 'Turn over' often combines with reflexive or passive constructions.
常見錯誤
6. to change from one physical or chemical state, colour, or appearance to another
變成；變為
改變狀態、性質或形態
to change from one physical or chemical state, colour, or appearance to another — for example, when milk goes sour, leaves change colour, or a person's face goes pale.
The leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn before they fall to the ground.
樹葉在秋天會變成黃色和橘色，然後落在地上。
turn + colour adjective
The milk turned sour after it was left out of the fridge all night.
牛奶放在冰箱外一整晚之後變酸了。
Her face turned pale when she heard the terrible news about the accident.
她聽到那場意外帶來的壞消息時，臉色變得蒼白。
The caterpillar turned into a beautiful butterfly after several weeks in its cocoon.
毛毛蟲在繭裡待了幾週之後，變成了一隻美麗的蝴蝶。
The weather turned cold suddenly, so everyone put on their coats and scarves.
天氣突然變冷了，大家都穿上了外套和圍巾。
- become
more general and neutral; can be used for almost any change
- change into
suggests a more complete or dramatic transformation
- transform
formal; suggests a major or impressive change
- remain
stay the same, not change
文法句型
turn + adjective (red / cold / sour)
turn + into + noun (a monster / a butterfly)
用法筆記
Followed by an adjective (turn cold / red / sour) or 'into' + noun (turn into a monster / a problem). Distinguish from senses 7–8 (reach a specific age or time), which use a different construction (turned 30 / turned midnight).
常見錯誤
7. When a person reaches a certain age, they become that many years old on their bi
年滿；屆滿
達到某個歲數
When a person reaches a certain age, they become that many years old on their birthday.
Nora turned twenty-two last Saturday and celebrated with a dinner party.
Nora 上週六滿二十二歲，辦了一場晚餐派對慶祝。
turn + age/number in past tense
Eli's youngest daughter will turn five next month and start kindergarten.
Eli 的小女兒下個月就要滿五歲，開始上幼兒園了。
The company turned fifty years old in 2023, marking half a century in business.
這家公司於 2023 年屆滿五十週年，走過了半個世紀的經營歷程。
When Trang turned eighteen, she opened her first bank account.
Trang 滿十八歲的時候，她去銀行開了第一個戶頭。
- reach
more formal; 'reach the age of forty' sounds more official than 'turn forty'
文法句型
turn + age/number
用法筆記
Object must be a number or age expression. No preposition is used before the age — 'turned 30', not 'turned to 30'.
常見錯誤
8. When the clock time, calendar date, or named season arrives at a specific moment
到了（時間）
時鐘或日曆抵達某個時刻
When the clock time, calendar date, or named season arrives at a specific moment — unlike the birthday sense (verb/7), which needs a person as the subject ('she turned thirty').
It had just turned midnight when Hana heard a strange noise downstairs.
剛過午夜十二點的時候，Hana 聽到樓下傳來怪聲。
impersonal 'it' + turn + time expression
As the calendar turned to autumn, Mei packed away her summer clothes and brought out warm jumpers.
日曆翻到秋天時，Mei 把夏季衣物收起來，拿出了保暖的毛衣。
As the calendar turned to spring, Beatriz began planning her vegetable garden.
日曆翻到春天的時候，Beatriz 開始規劃她的菜園。
It turned half past two in the morning by the time the nurses had finished cleaning the emergency room.
凌晨兩點半的時候，護理師們才終於清理完急診室。
文法句型
it + turn + time expression
turn + month/season
用法筆記
Subject is usually the impersonal 'it' ('It turned midnight') or a time-measuring noun ('the clock', 'the calendar'). No preposition before the time expression.
常見錯誤
9. To operate a switch or dial on a device to start it, stop it, or make it produce
轉動（開關）
轉動旋鈕來調整設備
To operate a switch or dial on a device to start it, stop it, or make it produce more or less of something, like heat, sound, or water.
Reema turned the thermostat up because the apartment felt too cold.
Reema 把恆溫器調高，因為公寓裡太冷了。
turn + object + up — direction particle shows increase
Christopher turned the radio off before getting out of the car.
Christopher 下車前把收音機關掉了。
Tariq carefully turned the volume down so he would not wake the baby.
Tariq 小心地把音量調低，以免吵醒寶寶。
Eshe turned the tap on and let the water run until it was hot.
Eshe 把水龍頭打開，讓水流到變熱為止。
Could you turn the oven on and preheat it to two hundred degrees?
可以請你把烤箱打開，預熱到兩百度嗎？
文法句型
turn + object + on/off/up/down
turn + the/possessive + control (knob, dial, switch)
用法筆記
The meaning of the direction (on, off, up, down) is carried by a particle that follows the object. 'Turn the TV' alone is incomplete — you must specify 'turn the TV on' or 'turn the TV off'.
常見錯誤
10. To hurt your ankle or foot by giving it a sudden, forceful twist, usually from l
扭傷（腳踝）
突然扭動導致腳踝受傷
To hurt your ankle or foot by giving it a sudden, forceful twist, usually from landing awkwardly or stepping on uneven ground.
Mei turned her ankle while jogging on the rocky trail near the park.
Mei 在公園附近崎嶇的小路上慢跑時扭傷了腳踝。
turn + possessive + ankle — context of walking or running on uneven ground
Romi turned his foot on a loose stone during the morning run.
Romi 晨跑時踩到一顆鬆動的石頭，扭到了腳。
The basketball player turned his ankle in the second quarter and limped off the court.
那位籃球球員在第二節扭傷了腳踝，一拐一拐地走下球場。
Beatriz turned her ankle stepping off the kerb and had to rest on a bench.
Beatriz 踩到路緣石時扭到了腳踝，只好坐在長椅上休息。
文法句型
turn + possessive + ankle/foot
用法筆記
The object is almost always a foot, ankle, or occasionally a knee. This describes a sudden twisting injury, not a gradual condition.
常見錯誤
11. To shape a piece of wood, metal, or other hard material by spinning it quickly a
車削
用車床將木材削成特定形狀
To shape a piece of wood, metal, or other hard material by spinning it quickly and pressing cutting tools against it to remove material.
Sana spent the afternoon turning wooden bowls on her grandfather's old lathe.
Sana 整個下午都在爺爺的老車床上車削木碗。
turn + material (wooden bowls) + on a lathe — technical woodworking
The carpenter turned a block of oak into a beautiful table leg.
那位木匠把一塊橡木車削成一條漂亮的桌腳。
Skilled workers at the workshop can turn metal parts for engines using industrial lathes.
這間工廠的熟練工人能用工業車床車削引擎用的金屬零件。
A visitor watched the craftsman turn plain wood into a smooth chair leg.
一位訪客看著師傅把一塊普通木頭車削成光滑的椅腳。
文法句型
turn + material (wood/metal) + on a lathe
turn + material + into + finished object
用法筆記
This is a technical meaning used in woodworking and metalworking. The object is the material being shaped, and the result often follows 'into'.
turned — 名詞
1. the moment when it is someone's chance to do something, because each person in a
輪到；順序
輪流做某事的機會
the moment when it is someone's chance to do something, because each person in a group acts one after another in a fixed order
Kofi, it is your turn to read the next paragraph out loud.
Kofi，現在輪到你大聲朗讀下一段了。
it is [possessive] turn to [verb]
The children took turns pushing each other on the swing in the park.
孩子們輪流在公園裡互相推鞦韆。
took turns + [verb+ing]
Each student spoke in turn, explaining their ideas about the science project.
每位學生依序發言，說明他們對科學專題的想法。
When it was Maeve's turn to choose the game, she picked cards instead of board games.
輪到 Maeve 選擇遊戲時，她選了紙牌而不是桌遊。
The lifeguards at the community pool took turns watching the children, switching every thirty minutes to stay alert.
社區游泳池的救生員輪流注意孩子們的動靜，每三十分鐘換一次班以保持警覺。
- go
informal British term for one's turn ('it's your go')
- shot
informal, especially in American English ('give it a shot')
- opportunity
more general, less tied to sequential order
文法句型
it is [possessive] turn to [verb]
take turns [verb+ing]
in turn
用法筆記
Commonly used with possessive determiners (my, your, his, her, etc.) in the pattern 'it is [possessive] turn to [verb]'. The fixed phrase 'take turns' always uses the plural 'turns'.
常見錯誤
2. a complete circular movement made by something going around a fixed central poin
一圈；一轉
物體轉完整的一圈
a complete circular movement made by something going around a fixed central point or line
The dancer performed three full turns on one foot without losing her balance.
舞者單腳轉了三圈，卻完全沒有失去平衡。
full turn — a complete 360 degree rotation
Give the handle another turn and the water will stop running completely.
再轉一次把手，水就會完全停止了。
give [object] a turn — rotate once
The captain gave the wheel a half turn, and the ferry changed course toward the harbour.
船長將方向盤轉了半圈，渡輪改變航向朝港口前進。
The gymnast landed cleanly after a double turn in the air during her routine.
體操選手在空中完成兩圈旋轉後，平穩地落地。
- rotation
more formal, often used for mechanical or scientific contexts
- revolution
a complete turn around a centre, especially of a wheel or planet
- spin
suggests fast rotation, often informal
文法句型
a [number] of turns
give something a turn
用法筆記
Often combined with a number or adjective that specifies how much rotation occurs ('half a turn', 'a quarter turn', 'a full turn').
3. a movement that changes the way a person, vehicle, or path is going or pointing
轉彎；轉向
行進或面對方向的改變
a movement that changes the way a person, vehicle, or path is going or pointing
The taxi made a sharp turn to the left and disappeared down a narrow street.
計程車來了個急左轉，消失在一條窄巷裡。
make a [adjective] turn — describes the type of direction change
Take the next turn on your right, and the library will be straight ahead.
在下一個路口右轉，圖書館就在正前方。
take a turn — follow a road or path that turns
At the turn in the trail, Hoa stopped to check the map and saw a beautiful lake below.
在小徑轉彎處，Hoa 停下來查看地圖，看到下方有個美麗的湖泊。
The river makes a wide turn around the old castle before flowing toward the coast.
河流繞過古城轉了個大彎，然後流向海岸。
Sivan slowed down before the turn and signaled to show which way she was going.
Sivan 在轉彎前放慢速度，並打方向燈表示她要往哪個方向走。
文法句型
make a turn
take a turn
at the turn
用法筆記
When describing roads, paths, or routes, 'turn' often combines with an adjective indicating the shape ('sharp turn', 'wide turn', 'gentle turn') or a direction ('left turn', 'right turn').
常見錯誤
4. the point at which a situation, process, trend, or period changes from one condi
轉變；變化
情況或趨勢的改變點
the point at which a situation, process, trend, or period changes from one condition or direction to another, often suddenly
The weather took an unexpected turn, and within an hour the sunny sky was full of dark clouds.
天氣突然轉變，一個小時內晴朗的天空就布滿了烏雲。
take a[n] [adjective] turn — change in a particular way
Her health took a turn for the worse after she caught a bad cold during the winter trip.
她在冬季旅行期間得了重感冒後，健康狀況惡化了。
take a turn for the worse — fixed phrase meaning become worse
The novel has a surprising turn at the end that nobody in the book club expected.
這本小說的結局出人意料，讀書會裡沒有人預料到。
At the turn of the century, many families moved from the countryside into the growing cities to find work.
在世紀之交，許多家庭為了找工作從鄉下搬到不斷擴張的城市。
The business took a positive turn when the new manager introduced cheaper materials and faster delivery.
新任經理引進更便宜的材料和更快的配送方式後，公司業績好轉了。
- shift
suggests a change in direction or emphasis
- twist
an unexpected change, especially in a story
- development
a new event that changes a situation, often neutral or positive
文法句型
take a turn for the worse or better
at the turn of the century or year
用法筆記
The fixed phrase 'take a turn for the worse/better' is a common idiom meaning that a situation becomes worse or better. 'Turn of the century' specifically means the time when one century ends and another begins.
常見錯誤
5. a single short piece of entertainment, such as a song, comedy sketch, or dance,
表演；節目
短小的舞台表演
a single short piece of entertainment, such as a song, comedy sketch, or dance, performed as part of a larger show
The comedian's short turn had the whole audience laughing so hard that several people cried.
那位喜劇演員的短劇讓全場觀眾笑到流淚。
comic turn — a short comedy performance
The juggler's turn at the variety show earned a standing ovation when he balanced a spinning plate on his nose.
那位雜耍藝人在綜藝秀中的表演贏得了滿堂彩，他用鼻子頂著一個旋轉的盤子保持平衡。
Olivia sang a folk song as her turn at the open-mic night, and the crowd cheered loudly.
Olivia 在開放麥克風之夜唱了一首民歌作為她的表演，觀眾熱情歡呼。
The magician's turn involved three doves, a deck of cards, and a volunteer from the front row.
魔術師的表演用了三隻鴿子、一副撲克牌，還有一位前排觀眾當志願者。
文法句型
do a turn
comic turn
musical turn
用法筆記
Primarily used in British English to describe an act in a variety show, circus, or similar entertainment lineup. Less common in American English, where 'act' or 'number' is preferred.
6. a short period during which someone feels ill, dizzy, faint, or suddenly shocked
不適；暈眩
短暫的不舒服或驚嚇
a short period during which someone feels ill, dizzy, faint, or suddenly shocked, especially as a result of a medical condition or a frightening experience
After standing in the hot sun, the old man had a dizzy turn and had to sit down.
在烈日下站了一段時間後，那位老先生一陣暈眩，不得不坐下。
have a [adjective] turn — experience a temporary spell of illness
The loud crash from the kitchen gave poor Jenna such a turn that she dropped her coffee cup.
廚房傳來一聲巨響，把可憐的 Jenna 嚇了一跳，連咖啡杯都掉在地上了。
give [someone] a turn — cause a sudden shock or fright
Grandmother had a funny turn last night, but she felt much better after resting for an hour.
奶奶昨晚身體有點不舒服，但休息一個小時後就好多了。
Sana had a fainting turn during the train journey, and a kind passenger helped her find a seat.
Sana 在火車上暈倒了一陣，一位好心的乘客幫她找了座位。
文法句型
have a turn
give someone a turn
用法筆記
This sense is idiomatic and informal, most commonly used in British English. 'A funny turn' is a fixed phrase meaning a brief, unexplained episode of dizziness or illness. 'Give someone a turn' means to shock or frighten someone.