typhoid
typhoid — 名詞
1. A bacterial infection of the digestive system passed on through food or water ca
傷寒
一種細菌引起的嚴重腸道傳染病
A bacterial infection of the digestive system passed on through food or water carrying Salmonella typhi. It brings on a fever that climbs over several days, cramps in the belly area, and a pink rash across the upper body. With early antibiotic treatment, most patients recover fully; without it, the illness can be deadly.
Devika caught typhoid after drinking unclean water during the floods in her village.
Devika 在村莊淹水時喝了不乾淨的水，後來感染了傷寒。
Christopher's grandfather died of typhoid before antibiotics were widely available.
Christopher 的祖父在抗生素普遍使用之前死於傷寒。
historical context: before antibiotics
Isabela had to boil all drinking water to avoid typhoid during the rainy season.
Isabela 在雨季時必須把所有的飲用水煮沸，以避免感染傷寒。
Sivan developed a high fever and stomach pain, and the doctor confirmed it was typhoid.
Sivan 出現高燒和腹痛的症狀，醫生確認是傷寒。
The government launched a campaign to provide typhoid vaccines to children in rural areas.
政府發起了一項為偏鄉兒童接種傷寒疫苗的計畫。
- typhoid fever
the full medical name for the same disease
- enteric fever
formal medical term used by doctors, less common in everyday speech
用法筆記
Typhoid is short for 'typhoid fever' — the full medical name. Do not confuse typhoid with typhus: they are different diseases caused by different bacteria and spread through different routes (typhoid through contaminated food or water; typhus through lice or fleas).
常見錯誤
typhoid — 形容詞
1. historically used to describe a fever or illness that resembles typhus (a differ
似斑疹傷寒
類似斑疹傷寒的
historically used to describe a fever or illness that resembles typhus (a different infectious disease spread by lice or fleas), especially in medical records and older texts
Physicians in the 1800s used 'typhoid' to mean 'resembling typhus' in their medical records.
1800 年代的醫師在病歷上使用 typhoid 來表示「類似斑疹傷寒」。
historical usage: typhoid = typhus-like
The original meaning of 'typhoid' suggests it described fevers that looked like typhus.
Typhoid 的原意是指那些看起來像斑疹傷寒的發燒症狀。
Élise learned in her medical history class that 'typhoid' once described fevers like typhus.
Élise 在醫學史課程中學到，typhoid 曾經用來描述類似斑疹傷寒的發燒症狀。
Amihan found an 1890s medical journal using 'typhoid' for a fever outbreak in the city.
Amihan 在一本 1890 年代的醫學期刊中看到 typhoid 被用來指稱市區的一場發燒疫情。
用法筆記
This is the etymological meaning of 'typhoid' (typhus + -oid = typhus-like). In modern English, 'typhoid' almost always refers to the bacterial disease typhoid fever, not to typhus. This older sense is only found in historical or technical medical writing.
2. connected with or caused by the disease typhoid (typhoid fever), used to describ
傷寒的
與傷寒有關或由傷寒引起的
connected with or caused by the disease typhoid (typhoid fever), used to describe symptoms, infections, treatments, or situations involving the illness
Jude showed classic typhoid symptoms, including a gradual rise in body temperature over several days.
Jude 出現典型的傷寒症狀，包括體溫在數天內逐漸升高。
collocation: typhoid symptoms
Shirin received a typhoid vaccination before her trip to South Asia.
Shirin 在前往南亞旅行之前接種了傷寒疫苗。
collocation: typhoid vaccination
Bilal's test results confirmed a typhoid infection, and he was treated with antibiotics.
Bilal 的檢驗結果確認是傷寒感染，並接受了抗生素治療。
Rania felt better after starting treatment for her typhoid infection at the hospital.
Rania 在醫院開始接受傷寒感染治療後，感覺好多了。