integration

integration — noun

1. the process by which people from different racial, cultural, or religious backgr

1.名詞B2
釋義

the process by which people from different racial, cultural, or religious backgrounds become accepted as equal members of a society or organisation

例句

Valentina joined a sports club to support the integration of refugee communities into neighbourhood life.

integration of [group] into [community]

The city's integration programme helped families from different cultural backgrounds learn from one another.

integration programme — common collocation

同義詞
  • inclusion

    broader term — does not necessarily imply full mixing or equal status, only that people are included

  • assimilation

    stronger and now often contested — suggests that minority groups give up their own culture to blend in, which integration does not require

  • desegregation

    historical or legal term — refers specifically to ending the forced separation of racial groups

反義詞
  • segregation

    the enforced separation of different racial or ethnic groups

  • exclusion

    the act of keeping certain groups out of a society or organisation

文法句型

integration of [group] into [society/organisation]

integration of [group] with [another group]

用法筆記

Frequently appears in discussions of immigration policy, education reform, and community relations. The groups involved are typically defined by race, ethnicity, culture, religion, or disability status.

常見錯誤

❌The integration of the two companies was finalised last month.' (when referring to business mergers)
✅The merger of the two companies was finalised last month.
💡use 'merger' for organisations combining; reserve 'integration' (sense 1) for people and communities, or sense 2 for systems and data.

2. the process of bringing together several parts, systems, or pieces of informatio

2.名詞B2
釋義

the process of bringing together several parts, systems, or pieces of information so that they function as a single coordinated whole

例句

The integration of the hospital's old and new systems saved staff several hours each week.

integration of [system A] and [system B]

Nora's role involves the integration of customer feedback into the product development cycle.

同義詞
  • combination

    simpler and more general — does not carry the implication that the parts become one functioning whole

  • merger

    specifically about organisations or companies joining; also implies a legal or formal process

  • unification

    more formal — suggests a stronger degree of unity, often in political or ideological contexts

  • synthesis

    used in academic contexts — the combination of ideas or elements into a coherent whole

反義詞
  • separation

    keeping parts apart rather than joining them

  • division

    splitting something into smaller parts

文法句型

integration of [part/system] into [whole]

integration of [thing A] with [thing B]

[adj] integration of [noun phrase]

用法筆記

The broadest sense of the word — used across business, technology, science, and everyday contexts. The object is always multiple items that are brought together (systems, data, departments, processes); use the verb 'integrate' for a more active tone in everyday speech.

常見錯誤

❌We need an integration of our schedules.' (unnatural noun usage)
✅We need to integrate our schedules.
💡the noun 'integration' is less common in casual speech than the verb 'integrate'.

3. a method in calculus for computing the total value of a varying quantity — commo

3.名詞C1
釋義

a method in calculus for computing the total value of a varying quantity — commonly used to find areas, volumes, and accumulated totals

例句

Students used integration to calculate the area under the curve y = x².

integration used to calculate area under a curve

Numerical integration is useful for estimating the volume of oddly shaped containers.

numerical integration — compound mathematical term

同義詞
  • antidifferentiation

    the formal mathematical synonym — less common in teaching contexts but technically precise

反義詞
  • differentiation

    the opposite operation in calculus — finding the rate of change of a function

文法句型

integration of [function]

numerical integration

integration by parts

用法筆記

A domain-specific term encountered in advanced mathematics and engineering. Frequently appears in the set phrases 'numerical integration', 'integration by parts', and 'integration by substitution'. The opposite operation is differentiation.

常見錯誤

❌I used integration to add 2 and 3.
✅I used addition to add 2 and 3.
💡'integration' is a calculus concept, not a synonym for ordinary addition.