additive
additive — 名詞
1. a substance put into food or another product in a small amount to change its tas
食品添加物
少量加入產品以改變性質的物質
a substance put into food or another product in a small amount to change its taste, colour, keeping quality, or some other feature.
The label says this juice has no artificial additives at all.
標示寫著這瓶果汁完全沒有人工添加物。
common collocation: artificial additives
Factory workers add a yellow additive to keep the cheese bright.
工廠工人加入一種黃色添加物，讓起司保持鮮亮。
additive + to-infinitive of purpose
Many parents skip bright blue candy with additives they cannot pronounce.
很多家長會避開那種亮藍色糖果，因為裡面的添加物名稱他們念不出來。
This bread stays soft because one additive slows the drying process.
這種麵包之所以能一直柔軟，是因為其中一種添加物會減慢水分流失。
The jam company switched to natural additives from seaweed last spring.
那家果醬公司去年春天改用來自海藻的天然添加物。
- preservative
narrower; used specifically to help food stay fresh longer
- coloring
narrower; used mainly for changing colour
- flavoring
narrower; used mainly for changing taste or smell
文法句型
an additive
additives in food
用法筆記
Usually used for a substance added in a small quantity. In everyday English, it most often refers to food, even though the word can also be used for fuel, paint, or medicine.
常見錯誤
additive — 形容詞
1. connected with finding a total by putting numbers together.
加法的
和數字相加有關
connected with finding a total by putting numbers together.
In today's lesson, Ms. Chen taught the additive method for finding totals.
今天上課時，陳老師教大家用加法方法求總數。
domain: mathematics
The quiz asked students to find the additive inverse of negative six.
這份小考要學生找出負六的加法反元素。
collocation: additive inverse
Zero is the additive identity in whole-number addition and simple algebra.
在整數加法和基礎代數裡，零是加法單位元素。
Our teacher used the additive property to check the answer twice.
老師用加法性質把答案檢查了兩次。
The first worksheet explains additive inverses before students meet negative numbers.
第一張講義先說明加法反元素，再帶學生認識負數。
- arithmetical
broader; covers number work in general, not only addition
- mathematical
much broader; can refer to any area of mathematics
- summative
focuses more on the total or sum than on the act of adding
- subtractive
used for subtraction rather than addition
文法句型
additive + noun
用法筆記
Mostly used before a noun in maths or logic contexts. It refers to addition as an operation, not to something extra like 'additional'.
常見錯誤
2. describing a method or system that builds a whole by joining parts one by one.
加成式
把部分一項項加上的
describing a method or system that builds a whole by joining parts one by one.
The artist used an additive process, painting one thin layer after another.
那位畫家用了加成式流程，一層一層地上薄漆。
additive process
This printer works in an additive way, building the shape layer by layer.
這台印表機用加成式方式運作，一層一層做出形狀。
pattern: in an additive way
At Lincoln School, the additive approach keeps Spanish and English in daily lessons.
在林肯學校，這種加成式做法讓西班牙語和英語每天都出現在課堂上。
The designer chose additive color mixing for the stage lights.
設計師為舞台燈光選用了加成式色彩混合。
Engineers chose an additive plan, adding a new bridge deck above the old one.
工程師採用加成式方案，在舊橋面上方再加一層新橋面。
- subtractive
describes a method that removes or cuts away parts
文法句型
additive + process
additive + approach
用法筆記
Often modifies words like process, approach, way, or mixing. It focuses on the method of building from parts, not on a final effect becoming stronger over time like sense 3.
常見錯誤
3. describing a result where several causes each add their own part and the final e
累加的
各部分效果相加的
describing a result where several causes each add their own part and the final effect is their total together.
The two pain pills had an additive effect, so Mia felt very sleepy.
那兩顆止痛藥產生了累加的效果，所以米亞非常想睡。
common phrase: additive effect
Night shifts and poor sleep can have additive effects on nurses' health.
大夜班和睡不好，可能會對護理師的健康產生累加影響。
additive effects on
Three small fee rises caused an additive increase in the family's water bill.
三次小額調漲疊加後，讓這家人的水費帳單越來越高。
Sun and wind caused additive damage to the old wooden sign.
陽光和風一起對那塊舊木招牌造成了累加的損害。
Better shoes and hill drills brought additive improvement to Eva's running speed.
新跑鞋再配上爬坡訓練，讓伊娃的跑步速度一再提升。
- combined
general; does not always mean the separate amounts simply add up
- cumulative
often stresses build-up over time rather than several causes acting together
- joint
shows more than one cause is involved, but not necessarily a summed total
- offsetting
describes causes that reduce or cancel each other's effects
文法句型
additive effect
additive increase
用法筆記
Common with words like effect, increase, damage, and response. Unlike sense 2, this one emphasizes the size of the final result after several causes act together.