artificially
artificially — 副詞
1. by adding a chemical, factory-made ingredient, or industrial step instead of rel
人工地
用工業或化學成分而非天然材料
by adding a chemical, factory-made ingredient, or industrial step instead of relying on natural materials.
These cherry sweets are artificially flavoured with a syrup made in a lab.
這些櫻桃糖是用實驗室製造的糖漿人工調味的。
artificially flavoured + collocation with food product
Mrs. Lin avoids drinks that are artificially sweetened because of her diabetes.
林太太因為糖尿病，避免飲用人工加糖的飲料。
artificially sweetened (food/drink collocation)
The bright pink yogurt was artificially coloured to attract young children.
那款亮粉色的優格用人工方式染色，以吸引小朋友。
Many cheap apple juices are artificially flavoured rather than pressed from real fruit.
許多便宜的蘋果汁是人工調味的，並非用真水果壓榨。
The stadium grass is artificially produced from plastic fibres for year-round play.
球場上的草是用塑膠纖維人工製成的，可以全年使用。
- synthetically
more technical; common with chemicals and materials
- chemically
stresses the chemical process used
- naturally
made or grown without industrial steps
文法句型
artificially + past participle (flavoured, sweetened, coloured)
用法筆記
Most often used in the passive with food, drink, and material vocabulary: 'artificially flavoured/sweetened/coloured/produced'. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense focuses on a man-made substance replacing a natural one, while sense 2 focuses on a process or condition deliberately created by people.
常見錯誤
2. as the result of a deliberate human plan or action, rather than because somethin
人為地
出於人為操作而非自然發生
as the result of a deliberate human plan or action, rather than because something happened on its own.
The lake was artificially created by the government to supply water to nearby farms.
這座湖是政府人為開鑿的，用來供應附近農田用水。
artificially created (typical pattern for engineered systems)
Bread prices have been kept artificially low through state subsidies for decades.
幾十年來，麵包價格透過政府補貼被人為地壓低。
kept artificially + adjective (prices, rates)
Some breeders artificially raise the body temperature of eggs to control hatching dates.
有些飼養者會人為地提高蛋的溫度，以控制孵化時間。
The company artificially boosted sales figures before the audit by shipping unsold goods to warehouses.
那家公司在審計前，靠把賣不掉的貨運往倉庫人為地灌水銷售數字。
After the storm, engineers artificially redirected the river around the damaged bridge.
暴風雨後，工程師人為地把河水改道，繞過受損的橋樑。
- deliberately
stresses intent without the 'unnatural' nuance
- manually
by hand or human control rather than automatically
- naturally
without any human plan or interference
- spontaneously
happening on its own
文法句型
artificially + past participle (created, raised, lowered, maintained)
用法筆記
Frequently collocates with economic and statistical objects ('artificially low/high prices, rates, figures') and with engineered or biological processes ('artificially created/raised/maintained'). Often carries a hint that the natural state was changed for someone's benefit.
常見錯誤
3. with a forced or pretended manner, so the feeling shown is not what the person r
做作地
態度或情緒裝出來不真心
with a forced or pretended manner, so the feeling shown is not what the person really feels inside.
The host laughed artificially at every joke the guest told on stage.
主持人在台上對來賓的每個笑話都做作地大笑。
artificially + verb of expression (laugh, smile)
Sofia greeted her ex-boyfriend artificially, with a tight smile and a stiff hug.
Sofia 做作地跟前男友打招呼，擠出一個僵硬的微笑和擁抱。
The news anchor sounded artificially cheerful while reporting the gloomy results.
新聞主播在播報慘淡業績時，聽起來做作地開朗。
Hana spoke artificially slowly, as if the children could not understand normal speech.
Hana 不自然地放慢說話速度，好像孩子們聽不懂正常的話一樣。
- insincerely
stresses the lack of true feeling
- falsely
stresses that the appearance is a lie
文法句型
artificially + adjective/participle describing manner (cheerful, polite, smile)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: here the lack of naturalness is in a person's manner or feelings, not in a process or substance. Often modifies adjectives of mood (cheerful, polite, calm) or verbs of expression (laugh, smile, speak).