calculation
calculation — 名詞
1. working with numbers through addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division
計算；運算
用數字找出答案的過程或結果
working with numbers through addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division to find a total or amount
The engineer double-checked every calculation before approving the bridge design.
工程師在批准橋梁設計前，仔細核對了每一項計算。
collocation: double-check a calculation
A quick calculation showed that they would need 24 chairs for the wedding.
快速計算的結果顯示，婚禮需要 24 張椅子。
adjective + calculation: quick calculation
Her calculation of the total cost was accurate to the last dollar.
她對總成本的計算精確到最後一塊錢。
All calculations must be written down so the teacher can follow your reasoning.
所有計算都必須寫下來，這樣老師才能看出你的推理過程。
There is an error in the calculation of the monthly interest on this loan.
這筆貸款的每月利息計算有一個錯誤。
- computation
more formal and technical, used in scientific or academic contexts
- arithmetic
refers to the branch of math itself, not a single act of finding an answer
- sum
simpler; usually refers to adding numbers, not multi-step processes
用法筆記
Can be countable (a specific arithmetic operation or its result) or uncountable (the process in general). 'do/make a calculation' is the most common verb pairing.
常見錯誤
2. a judgement about what will probably happen based on the available information a
推估；判斷
根據資訊推測情況的判斷
a judgement about what will probably happen based on the available information and experience, not on exact numbers
My calculation was that the train would arrive within ten minutes of the scheduled time.
我的判斷是，這班火車會比預定時間晚到十分鐘以內。
uncountable: my calculation [that-clause]
The coach's calculation about the other team's tactics proved correct.
教練對對手戰術的推估後來證明是對的。
By any calculation, hosting the event would cost more than it raised in ticket sales.
無論怎麼推算，舉辦這場活動的花費都超過了門票收入。
Their calculation of voter turnout was off by nearly 15 percent.
他們對投票率的推估差了將近 15%。
Political analysts made a calculation that the tax law would affect middle-class families most.
政治分析家推估這項稅法對中產家庭的影響最大。
- assessment
more formal; emphasizes careful evaluation rather than numerical logic
- estimate
focuses on approximate value rather than predicted outcome; more numerical
- judgement
broader; less analytical, more intuitive than calculation
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (NUMBERS): sense 2 involves judgement and prediction, not arithmetic. Can be used with 'that'-clauses to state what the judgement was.
常見錯誤
3. careful, cold-hearted planning intended only to benefit oneself, often at the ex
算計；盤算
自私冷漠、只為自己打算
careful, cold-hearted planning intended only to benefit oneself, often at the expense of honesty or other people
There was no warmth in his offer, only cold calculation about what he could gain.
他的提議裡沒有半點誠意，只有對自己利益的冷漠算計。
collocation: cold calculation
Her decision to volunteer seemed kind, but everyone suspected pure calculation behind it.
她決定去當志工看似善良，但每個人都懷疑背後全是算計。
Political calculation, not genuine concern, drove the senator to support that bill.
那位參議員推動這項法案是出於政治算計，而非真正的關懷。
The novelist portrayed the CEO as a man of calculation who viewed employees as tools.
小說家把這位執行長描繪成一個視員工如工具、處處算計的人。
Bare calculation guided every move the corporation made toward its competitors.
這家公司對競爭對手的一切行動，都是出於赤裸裸的盤算。
- scheming
more active and dishonest; suggests secret plots rather than detached calculation
- manipulation
focuses on controlling people, not just planning for personal gain
- spontaneity
acting on impulse without self-serving planning
- selflessness
acting for others, not for personal benefit
用法筆記
Uncountable only. Always carries a negative or critical tone. Frequently paired with adjectives like 'cold', 'bare', 'pure', or 'political'. Not used for neutral or positive planning.