comparative
comparative — 名詞
1. the form taken by an adjective or an adverb when you use it to show that one per
比較級
形容詞副詞的比較形式
the form taken by an adjective or an adverb when you use it to show that one person or thing has more of a quality than another, for example 'taller' from 'tall'
Ravi learned that the comparative of 'tall' is 'taller'.
Ravi 學到「tall」的比較級是「taller」。
the comparative of [adjective]
In class, the teacher asked Leila to form the comparative of 'happy'.
課堂上，老師請 Leila 寫出「happy」的比較級。
form the comparative of [adjective]
Aiko checked the chart and found the comparative of 'expensive'.
Aiko 查看圖表，找到了「expensive」的比較級。
Mr. Chen explained that 'better' is an irregular comparative of 'good'.
Mr. Chen 解釋「better」是「good」的不規則比較級。
Noa wrote down the comparative for each word on the worksheet.
Noa 在學習單上寫下了每個字的比較級。
- comparative degree
fuller term used in grammar descriptions
- comparative form
alternative label used interchangeably in teaching materials
- superlative
the form that shows the highest degree, not a comparison between two
文法句型
the comparative of [noun]
form the comparative
用法筆記
Frequently preceded by 'the': 'the comparative of big'. Countable but almost always used in the singular.
常見錯誤
comparative — 形容詞
1. used to describe a method or study that looks at two or more things side by side
比較的
基於比較不同事物的
used to describe a method or study that looks at two or more things side by side in order to identify what is alike and what is different between them
Professor Okafor published a comparative study of urban and rural schools in Nigeria.
Okafor 教授發表了一項比較研究，針對奈及利亞的城市與鄉村學校進行對比。
comparative study + of [topics]
Yara chose to study comparative literature because she loves novels from different cultures.
Yara 選擇攻讀比較文學，因為她喜愛來自不同文化的小說。
comparative literature — academic field name
The article offers a comparative analysis of healthcare in three Southeast Asian countries.
這篇文章提供了三個東南亞國家醫療保健制度的比較分析。
Dimitri's research uses a comparative method to examine family structures across Europe.
Dimitri 的研究運用比較方法來檢視歐洲各地的家庭結構。
Dr. Kwon presented a comparative report on voting behaviour among young adults.
Kwon 博士發表了一份關於年輕人投票行為的比較報告。
- comparison-based
less formal alternative emphasising the method used
- contrastive
used specifically in linguistics, focusing on differences
文法句型
comparative + study/analysis/report + of [topic]
用法筆記
Almost always used before a noun (attributive). Common in academic and research contexts — the noun that follows names the object or field being studied across different cases.
常見錯誤
2. describing a state or quality that exists only when measured against something e
相對的
與他物相比而言的
describing a state or quality that exists only when measured against something else, rather than being complete, perfect, or absolute
After working in the noisy factory, Hana enjoyed the comparative quiet of the library.
在嘈雜的工廠工作後，Hana 享受圖書館相對的安靜。
comparative + [abstract noun] — relative state
Theo lived in comparative comfort once he moved out of the tiny student flat.
Theo 搬出狹小的學生公寓後，過著相對舒適的生活。
The village enjoyed a period of comparative peace after the conflict ended.
衝突結束後，村莊享有了一段相對和平的時期。
Nadia considered her small garden a comparative paradise next to her concrete balcony.
Nadia 認為她的小花園與原本的水泥陽台相比，簡直是相對的天堂。
The refugees found comparative safety in the camp, though conditions were still harsh.
難民在營地裡找到了相對的安全，儘管條件仍然艱苦。
文法句型
comparative + [abstract noun]
a period of comparative [noun]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (EXAMINING DIFFERENCES): here the focus is on a quality (quiet, comfort, peace) being limited or partial, not on an act of comparing two things side by side. Frequently modifies abstract nouns describing conditions.
3. linked to the way describing words change when you compare two people or things,
比較級的
修飾形容詞副詞比較形式的
linked to the way describing words change when you compare two people or things, for instance by adding '-er' or using 'more' before the word
Bao is learning the comparative forms of adjectives in his English class.
Bao 正在英文課上學習形容詞的比較級形式。
comparative forms of [word class]
Ms. Torres showed the class how to form the comparative ending by adding '-er'.
Torres 老師向全班示範如何加上「-er」來構成比較級字尾。
form the comparative ending
'More beautiful' is the comparative form of 'beautiful' because it has three syllables.
「More beautiful」是「beautiful」的比較級形式，因為它有三個音節。
The students practised writing the comparative degree of each word on the worksheet.
學生們練習在學習單上寫出每個字的比較級。
Lior noticed that 'worse' and 'better' are irregular comparative forms.
Lior 注意到「worse」和「better」是不規則的比較級形式。
- positive
the basic form of an adjective or adverb, not showing comparison
- superlative
the form showing the highest degree, e.g. 'tallest'
文法句型
comparative form/degree of [adjective/adverb]
用法筆記
Only sense that describes the grammar-label itself rather than the act of comparing. Distinguish from the noun sense (GRAMMAR FORM): the noun means 'the form itself' ('the comparative of big'), while this adjective sense describes a noun ('comparative form', 'comparative degree').