dram
dram — 縮寫
1. used in writing as a short form of 'dramatic' or 'dramatist', especially in thea
戲劇；劇作家
dramatic/dramatist縮寫
used in writing as a short form of 'dramatic' or 'dramatist', especially in theatre programmes, library catalogues, or academic course listings
The university course catalogue listed 'Shakespeare: Dram. & Poetry' as a spring module.
大學課程目錄將「莎士比亞：戲劇與詩歌」列為春季課程。
abbreviation in course listings
Camila found the word 'dram.' printed in small type next to the playwright's name in the old programme.
Camila 在舊節目單上看到劇作家名字旁邊印著小小的「dram.」字樣。
The library shelf label read 'French Dram. — 18th Century' above a row of leather-bound plays.
圖書館書架標籤上寫著「French Dram. — 18th Century」，下方排滿了皮裝劇本。
In the course catalogue entry for ENG202, the description noted: 'Focus on modern dram. theory and practice.'
ENG202 的課程說明中提到：「重點研究現代戲劇理論與實務。」
文法句型
used in writing before or after a name or title
用法筆記
The abbreviation is written with a period (full stop) after 'dram'.
dram — 名詞
- dramsingular
- dramsplural
1. in Scottish and Irish usage, a small glass of spirits — especially whisky — that
少量威士忌
一小杯烈酒，尤指威士忌
in Scottish and Irish usage, a small glass of spirits — especially whisky — that a person pours for themselves and drinks in a single relaxed serving
After dinner, Grandfather poured himself a small dram of single malt and sat by the fire.
晚餐後，祖父給自己倒了一小杯單一麥芽威士忌，坐在壁爐旁。
collocation: a dram of [whisky]
The pub landlord offered each of them a free dram of the new Scottish whisky.
酒館老闆請他們每人喝了一杯免費的新蘇格蘭威士忌。
Eli took a sip of his dram and smiled as the smoky flavour spread across his tongue.
Eli 啜飲了一口威士忌，煙燻味在舌尖散開，他笑了。
On cold winter nights, a warm dram of Irish whiskey helps Baraka relax after work.
在寒冷的冬夜，一杯溫熱的愛爾蘭威士忌能讓 Baraka 在下班後放鬆身心。
An old fisherman offered a small dram of rum to everyone who helped him pull in the nets.
老漁夫請每個幫他收網的人喝一小杯蘭姆酒。
文法句型
a dram of + alcoholic drink
possessive + dram
用法筆記
Common in Scottish, Irish, and northern English usage. The word implies a friendly, informal measure — not a precise amount but typically a small glass. Often used in the phrase 'a wee dram'.
常見錯誤
2. a traditional weight measurement with two forms: the standard (avoirdupois) dram
打蘭
重量單位，約1.77或3.89克
a traditional weight measurement with two forms: the standard (avoirdupois) dram equals roughly 1.77 g, or 1/16 oz, and the pharmacy (apothecary) dram equals roughly 3.89 g, or 1/8 oz — pharmacists once used this second kind when mixing medicines by hand
The old apothecary carefully measured out three drams of crushed willow bark on his brass scale.
老藥劑師用黃銅秤仔細量出三打蘭的柳樹皮碎末。
historical pharmacy measurement
Each bullet from the antique rifle required exactly two drams of black powder.
這把古董步槍的每一發子彈需要恰好兩打蘭的黑火藥。
The 1850 recipe book instructed the reader to add one dram of quinine powder to the mixture.
1850 年的食譜書指示在混合物中加入一打蘭的奎寧粉末。
Lakshmi needed to convert four drams into grams for the chemistry experiment.
Lakshmi 需要將四打蘭換算成克，才能進行化學實驗。
Goldsmiths in eighteenth-century Edinburgh weighed silver in drams rather than in grams.
十八世紀愛丁堡的金匠用打蘭而非公克來秤銀。
文法句型
[number] + drams (of) + [substance]
用法筆記
Now rarely used in everyday life. The avoirdupois dram was common for measuring food and household items before the metric system. The apothecaries' dram is still found occasionally in old medical texts and traditional herbal recipes.
常見錯誤
3. the standard unit of money used in Armenia, divided into one hundred luma
德拉姆
亞美尼亞貨幣單位
the standard unit of money used in Armenia, divided into one hundred luma
The bus ticket from central Yerevan to the old monastery cost two hundred drams.
從葉里溫市中心到古老修道院的公車票要兩百德拉姆。
ticket price in drams
Sirin exchanged her euros for Armenian drams at the bank near Republic Square.
Sirin 在共和廣場附近的銀行把歐元換成了亞美尼亞德拉姆。
A fresh loaf of bread from the market baker costs about three hundred drams.
市場麵包店裡一條新鮮的麵包大約三百德拉姆。
The small hotel room was surprisingly cheap at fifteen thousand drams per night.
那間小旅館的房間意外地便宜，一晚只要一萬五千德拉姆。
Niran paid five hundred drams for a hand-painted ceramic mug at the souvenir shop near Lake Sevan.
Niran 在塞凡湖附近的紀念品店花了五百德拉姆買了一個手繪陶瓷馬克杯。
文法句型
[number] + drams
[number] + Armenian dram(s)
用法筆記
The ISO currency code is AMD. Banknotes come in denominations of 500 to 100,000 drams. Prices in Armenia are often given in thousands of drams because one dram has a relatively low value.