espalier
espalier — 名詞
- espaliersingular
- espaliersplural
1. A fruit tree or ornamental shrub whose branches are pruned and tied so they lie
籬形樹
經修剪固定成平面生長的樹木
A fruit tree or ornamental shrub whose branches are pruned and tied so they lie flush against a brick wall, timber fence, or similar upright surface.
Aoi planted a pear espalier along the south-facing wall of her cottage.
Aoi 在她小屋朝南的牆邊種了一棵梨樹籬形樹。
The espalier in Olivia's garden was covered with bright red apples in autumn.
Olivia 花園裡的籬形樹到了秋天長滿了鮮紅的蘋果。
typical fruit-tree espalier
Each espalier in the old monastery garden had been tended for over a century.
古老修道院花園裡的每棵籬形樹都照顧了超過一世紀。
Nikos bought a flowering cherry espalier to decorate the blank wall beside his door.
Nikos 買了一棵開花的櫻花籬形樹來裝飾家門旁空白的牆面。
The espalier of fig trees along the south fence produced sweet fruit every summer.
南邊籬笆旁的無花果籬形樹每年夏天都結出甜美的果實。
- trained tree
more general term; an espalier is a specific type of trained tree
用法筆記
Often followed by 'of' and a noun indicating the fruit type, e.g. 'an espalier of apple trees'.
常見錯誤
2. A wooden or metal frame, trellis, or network of wires fixed to a wall, used to s
棚架
供植物攀附生長的平面支架
A wooden or metal frame, trellis, or network of wires fixed to a wall, used to support a plant whose branches are trained flat.
The gardener built a new espalier against the brick wall for the roses.
園丁在磚牆邊為玫瑰搭了一個新的棚架。
Rachid painted the metal espalier white so it would match the fence.
Rachid 把金屬棚架漆成白色，讓它和籬笆搭配。
metal espalier — material collocation
The old wooden espalier had started to rot where the wires crossed the posts.
舊木棚架在鐵絲橫跨木柱的地方已經開始腐朽。
Asher fixed the espalier to the wall with stainless steel brackets.
Asher 用不鏽鋼支架把棚架固定在牆上。
Dahlia chose a diamond-pattern espalier made of thick oak slats.
Dahlia 選了一個厚橡木條做成的菱形圖案棚架。
- trellis
more general; an espalier is a type of trellis designed for flat training
- wall frame
descriptive term, less technical
用法筆記
Frequently modified by a material adjective: wooden, metal, wire, wrought-iron.
常見錯誤
3. A horticultural technique in which trees or shrubs are trained to grow flat agai
籬形整枝
將樹木整成平面生長的園藝技術
A horticultural technique in which trees or shrubs are trained to grow flat against a vertical surface through systematic pruning, tying, and branch selection.
Noa learned the traditional art of espalier at the botanical garden workshop.
Noa 在植物園的工作坊學到了傳統的籬形整枝技術。
Espalier works well for fruit trees because the branches receive more sunlight against a warm wall.
籬形整枝很適合果樹，因為枝條靠在溫暖的牆上能接收更多陽光。
espalier as an uncountable method
Walid wrote his thesis on the history of espalier in European monastery gardens.
Walid 的論文題目是歐洲修道院花園中籬形整枝的歷史。
Ignacio's grandfather taught him espalier using only a sharp knife and garden twine.
Ignacio 的祖父只用一把利刃和園藝麻繩就把籬形整枝教給了他。
- wall-training
descriptive non-technical term
espalier — 動詞
- espalierpresent simple I / you / we / they
- espaliers3rd person singular
- espaliering-ing form
- espalieredpast simple
1. To cause a tree, shrub, or plant to grow sideways and flat along a vertical surf
整枝
修剪固定枝條使其平面生長
To cause a tree, shrub, or plant to grow sideways and flat along a vertical surface by trimming and fastening its branches to a support.
Shirin spent the weekend espaliering the young plum tree along the wooden fence.
Shirin 花了整個週末沿著木籬笆為小李樹整枝。
espalier + along + surface
The head gardener espaliered the apple tree against the south wall of the kitchen garden.
首席園丁在菜園的南牆邊為蘋果樹整枝。
You can espalier a fig tree to save space in a small city garden.
在狹小的城市花園裡，你可以為無花果樹整枝來節省空間。
Nikhil carefully espaliered the branches of the pear tree, tying each one to the wire with soft string.
Nikhil 仔細為梨樹整枝，用軟繩把每根枝條綁到鐵絲上。
The cherry trees were espaliered along the old brick wall decades ago by the previous owner.
這些櫻桃樹是幾十年前由前屋主沿著舊磚牆整枝的。
文法句型
espalier + object + against/along + surface
用法筆記
The object is the plant being trained, not the wall or frame. Past participle 'espaliered' is common as an adjective.
常見錯誤
espalier — 形容詞
- espalierpositive
- more espaliercomparative
- most espaliersuperlative
1. Of a tree or shrub: made to grow flat against a wall, fence, or trellis by pruni
整枝的
經修剪成平面生長的
Of a tree or shrub: made to grow flat against a wall, fence, or trellis by pruning and tying.
An espaliered apple tree takes up little space and produces plenty of fruit.
一棵經過整枝的蘋果樹佔地很小，卻能結出許多果實。
espaliered + tree — adjective before noun
The espaliered pear tree against the south wall produced the sweetest fruit in the orchard.
南牆邊那棵整枝的梨樹結出了果園裡最甜的果實。
Lien admired the espaliered fig tree whose branches spread neatly across the whitewashed wall.
Lien 欣賞著那棵整枝的無花果樹，枝條整齊地分布在粉刷過的白牆上。
The espaliered camellia bush bloomed earlier than the free-standing one in the shady corner.
那棵整枝的山茶花比陰暗角落那棵未整枝的開得更早。
espalier — 副詞
1. Of a plant: having its branches shaped and secured so they lie flush along the f
整枝地
以平面生長的方式
Of a plant: having its branches shaped and secured so they lie flush along the face of a brick wall or timber fence.
The old rose was trained espalier along the sunny brick wall.
那棵老玫瑰被沿著陽光充足的磚牆整枝生長。
trained espalier — verb + adverb
The peach trees grew espalier along the full length of the garden wall.
那些桃樹沿著整面花園牆壁整枝生長。
Lien trained the climbing rose espalier so it would not block the window.
Lien 把那棵攀緣玫瑰整枝生長，以免擋住窗戶。
Shirin learned how to grow apple trees espalier against a south-facing wall.
Shirin 學會了如何讓蘋果樹朝南的牆面整枝生長。