train
train — 名詞
1. a long vehicle that travels on railway tracks, made up of an engine that pulls o
火車
鐵路上運載人或貨物的列車
a long vehicle that travels on railway tracks, made up of an engine that pulls or pushes a series of connected carriages or wagons, used for moving people or goods between different railway stops
Nadia caught the early train from Taipei to Kaohsiung for the conference.
Nadia 為了參加會議搭上了從台北開往高雄的早班火車。
train + from + to + place showing route
The train was delayed by forty minutes because of a signal problem near the station.
由於車站附近號誌故障，火車延誤了四十分鐘。
passive: was delayed; cause introduced by 'because of'
Joshua prefers taking the train to work rather than sitting in traffic.
Joshua 寧可搭火車上班，也不願塞在路上。
A freight train carrying grain passed through the small town at midnight.
一列載運穀物的貨運火車在午夜時分駛過小鎮。
The high-speed train between Madrid and Barcelona takes just two and a half hours.
往來馬德里和巴塞隆納的高速火車只需兩個半小時。
- railway
refers to the track system, not the vehicle itself; British English
- locomotive
specifically the engine part that pulls the carriages; technical
文法句型
a/the + train
train + from/to + place
by + train
用法筆記
Can be used with 'by' for the method of travel: 'She goes to work by train' (no article). 'Catch/take/get the train' all require an article or determiner.
常見錯誤
2. a linked flow of ideas, thoughts, or happenings that follow one another in a log
思路
一連串相關的想法或事件
a linked flow of ideas, thoughts, or happenings that follow one another in a logical way, viewed as a single thread passing through a person's mind
The loud knock on the door interrupted my train of thought completely.
門上砰的一聲巨響完全打斷了我的思路。
possessive: my train of thought; verb: interrupted
Tamás lost his train of thought when his phone rang loudly during the meeting.
Tamás 在會議中手機突然大聲響起，他便亂了思緒。
Reema tried to follow the train of events that had led to the argument.
Reema 試圖循著導致那場爭執的事件脈絡去理解。
Adina's essay followed a clear train of ideas from the introduction to the conclusion.
Adina 的論文從引言到結論思路清晰一貫。
- sequence
more general; lacks the idea of logical connection
- chain
emphasises each link depending on the previous one
- succession
formal; a series following one after another
- disruption
something that breaks a connected series
文法句型
one's + train of thought
train of + noun
用法筆記
Almost always used in the fixed phrase 'train of thought' or 'train of events'. The sense is singular; there is no plural 'trains of thought' in natural usage.
常見錯誤
3. a line of people, animals, or vehicles moving slowly in the same direction, typi
行列
排成一列行進的人、動物或車輛
a line of people, animals, or vehicles moving slowly in the same direction, typically one behind another
A long train of camels walked slowly across the desert sand toward the oasis.
一長列駱駝緩緩穿過沙漠，朝著綠洲前進。
train of + animals; adverbial: across the desert sand
Daichi watched a train of ants carrying food back to their underground nest.
Daichi 看見一列螞蟻搬著食物返回地底的蟻巢。
A train of mourners followed the hearse through the streets of the old town.
一列送葬隊伍跟隨靈車穿過舊城區的街道。
The bride's family led a train of decorated cars through the narrow village streets.
新娘的家人引導一列裝飾花車穿過狹窄的村莊街道。
- procession
often implies ceremony or formality
- column
suggests a military or organised formation
- cortege
specifically a funeral procession; formal
文法句型
a train of + noun
4. the long rear section of a formal dress or gown that spreads outward at the back
裙裾
禮服或長裙拖在地上的部分
the long rear section of a formal dress or gown that spreads outward at the back of the wearer and reaches down to the ground
The bride's wedding dress had a long white train that swept the marble floor.
新娘的婚紗有一條長長的白色裙裾，在地板上拖曳而過。
possessive: the bride's wedding dress; relative clause: that swept
Selim's little niece loved holding the train of her mother's evening gown.
Selim 的小姪女喜歡拉著媽媽晚禮服的裙裾。
The queen's coronation robe had a velvet train carried by two young attendants.
女王的加冕袍有一條天鵝絨的長裾，由兩名年輕侍從托著。
Nia carefully lifted the train of her silk dress before walking up the stairs.
Nia 在上樓梯前小心翼翼地提起她絲質禮服的裙裾。
- tail
less common for dresses; also used for coats and jackets
文法句型
the train of + dress/gown
用法筆記
Refers only to the trailing section of a dress or robe, not the entire garment. Most commonly used for wedding dresses and formal evening gowns.
train — 動詞
1. to teach a person or animal the skills, knowledge, or physical fitness needed fo
訓練
教導技能以勝任工作或運動
to teach a person or animal the skills, knowledge, or physical fitness needed for a particular job, sport, activity, or task by giving regular instruction and practice
Nadia trained for six months before running her first full marathon in Berlin.
Nadia 在參加柏林第一次全程馬拉松之前訓練了六個月。
intransitive: trained for + duration; purpose: before + gerund
The company trains all new employees to use the accounting software within two weeks.
這家公司訓練所有新進員工在兩週內學會使用會計軟體。
transitive: trains + object + to-infinitive
Tamás trains the local youth football team three evenings every week.
Tamás 每週三個晚上訓練當地的青少年足球隊。
Esteban trained as a nurse before deciding to study medicine at university.
Esteban 在決定去大學讀醫學之前先接受了護理訓練。
Joshua is training his dog to sit and stay on command using positive reinforcement.
Joshua 正在用正向增強法訓練他的狗聽指令坐下和等候。
- neglect
fail to give proper teaching or guidance
文法句型
train + object
train + object + to-infinitive
train + as + profession
train + for + event
train + in + skill
用法筆記
Frequently used in the pattern 'train to + verb' for a purpose (He trained to become a pilot). The passive is common: 'She was trained in CPR.'
常見錯誤
2. to show a living creature, whether human or pet, how to develop a regular patter
養成
教導形成某種習慣或行為
to show a living creature, whether human or pet, how to develop a regular pattern of behaviour by repeating actions until the habit forms naturally
Reema trained her children to wash their hands before every meal without being reminded.
Reema 訓練她的孩子養成不須提醒就飯前洗手的習慣。
transitive + object + to-infinitive for habit
Adina trained herself to wake up at five o'clock every morning by setting two alarms.
Adina 靠設定兩個鬧鐘訓練自己每天早上五點起床。
reflexive: trained herself to
The puppy was trained to sleep in its own basket from the very first night.
那隻小狗從第一天晚上就開始被訓練睡在自己的籃子裡。
Daichi trained his cat to use the scratching post instead of the living room sofa.
Daichi 訓練他的貓使用貓抓板，而不是抓客廳沙發。
- discipline
stronger emphasis on rules and obedience; can sound severe
- accustom
gradual familiarisation; less active teaching involved
- condition
using repeated associations to shape behaviour; psychological term
- spoil
allow someone to develop bad habits through lack of discipline
文法句型
train + object + to-infinitive
train + reflexive pronoun
train + object + in + noun
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (TEACH SKILLS): sense 1 is about acquiring abilities for a specific job, sport, or task (train to be a pilot, train for a marathon). This sense is about instilling routine daily behaviour (washing hands, waking early, using a scratching post). The reflexive pattern 'train oneself to…' is exclusive to this sense — sense 1 uses 'train to be/as a' for career goals. For pets, both senses can apply, but this sense emphasises the habitual routine, not the skill.
常見錯誤
3. to point or aim a weapon, camera, telescope, light, or similar device directly a
瞄準
將攝影機、武器等對準目標
to point or aim a weapon, camera, telescope, light, or similar device directly at a specific target or object so that it is focused on that spot
The photographer trained his camera on the young couple standing by the fountain.
攝影師將相機對準噴泉旁的那對年輕情侶。
trained + device + on + target (camera)
Daichi trained the garden hose at the burning bush and turned the water on.
Daichi 將水管對著燃燒的灌木，然後打開了水閥。
Nia trained her binoculars on the rare bird perched on the wooden fence.
Nia 將望遠鏡對準棲息在木籬笆上的那隻稀有鳥類。
The soldiers trained their weapons at the target across the training field.
士兵們將武器瞄準訓練場對面的目標。
文法句型
train + device + on + target
train + device + at + target
用法筆記
The preposition 'on' is more common for cameras, telescopes, and binoculars; 'at' is more common for weapons. The passive form is frequent: 'A spotlight was trained on the stage.'
4. to control how a plant develops by cutting back certain branches and fastening s
整枝
修剪並引導植物朝特定方向生長
to control how a plant develops by cutting back certain branches and fastening stems to a support, guiding them to grow along a chosen path, surface, or form
The gardener trained the rose bush to grow up the stone wall using wire supports.
園丁用金屬絲支架引導玫瑰叢沿著石牆向上生長。
trained + plant + to-infinitive + direction (up the stone wall)
Piotr trained the grape vine along the wooden trellis in the back garden.
Piotr 引導葡萄藤沿著後花園的木格架生長。
Esme carefully trained the young apple tree branches to spread outward for better sunlight.
Esme 仔細修剪幼小的蘋果樹枝，使其向四面伸展以獲得更多日照。
The gardener trained the ivy to climb around the front window frame of the house.
園丁引導常春藤沿著房屋前窗框攀爬。
文法句型
train + plant + to-infinitive
train + plant + along/up/over + support
用法筆記
This is a specialised gardening term. It applies to climbing plants (ivy, roses, vines) and fruit trees. The methods involved are pruning and tying, not fertilising or watering.
5. to provide a computer model or artificial intelligence system with a large amoun
訓練模型
用資料訓練電腦模型
to provide a computer model or artificial intelligence system with a large amount of data so that it learns to recognise patterns, make predictions, or perform tasks without being explicitly programmed for every step
The research team trained the AI model on millions of labelled medical images.
研究團隊用數百萬張有標籤的醫學影像訓練了這個人工智慧模型。
trained + model + on + dataset (millions of labelled medical images)
Romi trained a chatbot using customer service conversations from the previous year.
Romi 用前一年的客服對話訓練了一個聊天機器人。
Engineers trained the speech recognition system on recordings from over five thousand speakers.
工程師用來自五千多名語者的錄音訓練了語音辨識系統。
To improve accuracy, the team trained the algorithm on a larger and more varied dataset.
為了提高準確度，團隊用更大更多樣的資料集訓練了演算法。
文法句型
train + model/system + on + dataset
train + model + to-infinitive
train + network/algorithm
用法筆記
In machine learning contexts, 'train' is almost always transitive and takes a technical model type as its object (model, system, network, algorithm). The training data is introduced with 'on'. This sense is growing rapidly in everyday technical vocabulary.