extra
extra — 形容詞
1. beyond the normal amount, number, or standard — used to describe something added
額外的
在正常數量之外多加的
beyond the normal amount, number, or standard — used to describe something added to what someone already has or what is already planned.
The flight had an extra seat, so Meera moved to a quieter row.
那班飛機還有一個空位，所以 Meera 換到比較安靜的座位。
extra + noun (seat, time, money)
Elena brought extra drinks because the afternoon turned out hotter than anyone expected.
Elena 多帶了飲料，因為下午比大家預期的還要熱。
If you need extra help with your maths homework, ask the librarian.
如果你的數學作業需要額外的幫助，可以問圖書館員。
The restaurant charged an extra fee for serving cakes brought from outside.
那家餐廳對自帶蛋糕的客人收取額外的服務費。
Yael folded an extra blanket onto the bed before the guests arrived.
Yael 在客人抵達之前多加了一條毯子在床上。
- additional
the closest neutral synonym; interchangeable in most contexts (additional cost / extra cost).
- further
emphasises continuation beyond what exists (further information, further delays); more formal than extra.
- supplementary
more formal; suggests something that completes an existing set (supplementary materials).
文法句型
extra + noun
用法筆記
Commonly placed directly before a noun or in phrases like an extra [amount] of [something]. Unlike more, extra does not take of before a noun (❌ extra of sugar → ✅ extra sugar).
常見錯誤
2. showing behaviour or emotion that is far more dramatic or intense than a situati
太誇張的
反應或行為過度而不自然
showing behaviour or emotion that is far more dramatic or intense than a situation reasonably calls for.
Théo's outfit was a bit extra for a simple lunch at the park.
Théo 那天的穿著對一頓簡單的公園午餐來說有點太誇張了。
be + extra (informal predicate use)
Mayumi thought the five-minute thank-you speech was completely extra for a small dinner party.
Mayumi 覺得那場五分鐘的感謝致詞對一個小型晚宴來說實在太誇張了。
Some people found the wedding decorations extra, but the bride loved them.
有些人覺得婚禮佈置太誇張，但新娘很喜歡。
Jabari rolled his eyes when his teammate gave an extra reaction to a simple question.
Jabari 看到隊友對一個簡單問題反應如此誇張，忍不住翻了白眼。
- over-the-top
the closest synonym; slightly more established in formal informal writing.
- dramatic
broader in meaning; can be neutral or negative, while extra is always critical.
- excessive
more formal; describes an amount rather than a style of behaviour.
文法句型
be + extra
find + noun + extra
用法筆記
Primarily used in spoken English, social media, and informal writing. Frequently appears in the pattern find something/someone extra or be too extra. Not suitable for academic or formal contexts.
常見錯誤
extra — 副詞
1. to a higher degree than normal; more than you would usually expect — used before
格外；特別
比平常更
to a higher degree than normal; more than you would usually expect — used before adjectives and adverbs to show that something has an unusually strong quality.
Christopher drove extra slowly because the mountain road was covered in ice.
Christopher 開車開得特別慢，因為山路結了一層冰。
extra + adverb (slowly, carefully)
The soup tasted extra spicy today, so Evelyn added a spoonful of yogurt.
今天的湯喝起來特別辣，所以 Evelyn 加了一匙優格。
Please be extra gentle with that cardboard box — it has glass gifts inside.
請對那個紙箱溫柔一點——裡面裝的是玻璃禮物。
Sahil bought an extra large coffee after staying up all night to finish his essay.
Sahil 熬了一整夜寫報告，所以買了一杯特大杯咖啡。
- especially
more formal and widely used across registers; extra is more conversational.
- unusually
focuses on the difference from normal rather than the degree of intensity.
- exceptionally
stronger and more formal; suggests something stands out clearly.
文法句型
extra + adjective
extra + adverb
用法筆記
Functions as an intensifier before adjectives and adverbs. Common patterns: extra + base adjective (extra strong, extra large, extra long) and extra + adverb (extra quickly, extra quietly). Cannot be used before verbs (❌ She extra worked → ✅ She worked extra hard).
常見錯誤
extra — 名詞
1. something that is not included in the basic price or package and must be paid fo
附加項目
需額外付費的服務或配件
something that is not included in the basic price or package and must be paid for separately, or an optional feature that you can choose to add to a product or service.
The hotel room was cheap, but the extras like breakfast cost a lot.
旅館房間很便宜，但早餐之類的附加項目很貴。
plural extras for optional paid items
Roya chose several extras for her new car, including heated seats and a sunroof.
Roya 為她的新車選了幾個附加項目，包括加熱座椅和天窗。
When you order furniture online, check whether delivery is an extra or free.
上網訂購家具時，要先確認運費是另外加錢還是免費的。
The phone plan includes unlimited calls, but international texts cost extra.
這個手機方案包含無限通話，但國際簡訊要額外收費。
- add-on
more specific to technology and product features; slightly less formal.
- supplement
more formal; often used for documents or payments added to a base amount.
- accessory
used mainly for physical items that enhance a product's appearance or function.
文法句型
an extra
extras
用法筆記
Often appears in the fixed phrase cost extra (meaning 'requires additional payment'). In the plural (extras), it frequently refers to optional features or services that add to the total bill.
常見錯誤
2. a person hired to appear in a film or television programme as part of a backgrou
臨時演員
電影中無台詞的背景角色
a person hired to appear in a film or television programme as part of a background scene, without speaking any lines.
Jabari worked as an extra on a crime show filmed in downtown Chicago.
Jabari 在一部以芝加哥市區為背景的警匪劇中當臨時演員。
work as an extra
The director told all the extras to walk slowly across the market square.
導演叫所有的臨時演員在市場廣場上慢慢走動。
Shanti signed up to be an extra for a music video being shot next month.
Shanti 報名當下個月開拍的一支 MV 的臨時演員。
Being an extra paid very little, but Bao loved seeing how films were made.
當臨時演員報酬很低，但 Bao 很喜歡看電影是怎麼拍出來的。
- background actor
the modern industry term; more respectful and professional.
- supporting artist
used in British casting notices; equivalent in meaning.
文法句型
work as an extra
an extra in [film/TV show]
用法筆記
Distinct from a cameo, where a well-known person makes a brief speaking appearance. Extras are usually hired through casting agencies and rarely appear in close-up shots.
3. in the sport of cricket, a point awarded to the batting team because of an illeg
額外得分
板球中非打擊所得的分數
in the sport of cricket, a point awarded to the batting team because of an illegal move by the bowler or a fielding error, rather than from the batter hitting the ball.
Pakistan scored fifteen extras in the second innings of the test match.
巴基斯坦在該場板球測試賽的第二局獲得了十五分的額外得分。
score extras — cricket terminology
The bowler was frustrated because too many wides had given away cheap extras.
投手很沮喪，因為太多壞球送出便宜的額外得分。
Extras helped Australia reach a decent total despite poor batting from the top order.
儘管打者表現不佳，額外得分幫助澳洲隊達到了一個不錯的總分。
The umpire signalled a no-ball, which added one extra to the batting team's total.
裁判判定投手犯規，為打擊方增加了一分額外得分。
文法句型
score extras
give away extras
用法筆記
A specialised cricket term. Extras include four types: byes, leg byes, wides, and no-balls. Learners unfamiliar with cricket can safely ignore this sense.
4. a version of a newspaper produced outside its regular daily schedule, created sp
號外
報導突發新聞的報紙特刊
a version of a newspaper produced outside its regular daily schedule, created specifically to report an important event or urgent news story as quickly as possible.
The newspaper printed a late extra the morning the election results came in.
那家報社在選舉結果出爐的當天早上發行了深夜號外。
print/publish an extra
Tariq kept a copy of the newspaper extra that announced the end of the war.
Tariq 保留了一份報導戰爭結束的報紙號外。
Old newspaper extras from the 1960s are preserved in the library archives.
1960 年代的舊報紙號外現在保存在圖書館的檔案室裡。
Newsboys on the street corners shouted the name of the paper's extra to attract buyers.
街角報童高喊著該報號外的名稱來吸引路人購買。
- special edition
more general; can refer to magazines, books, or digital publications.
- special issue
often planned in advance, whereas an extra is typically unscheduled.
文法句型
a special extra
publish an extra
用法筆記
Historically common before the internet age; newspaper extras have become rare now that news is updated online instantly. The term survives mainly in historical references.
extra — 字首
1. a group of letters added to the beginning of a word to mean 'outside', 'beyond',
外；超出
前綴，表示外面或超越
a group of letters added to the beginning of a word to mean 'outside', 'beyond', or 'in addition to' — found in words such as extraordinary (beyond ordinary), extraterrestrial (outside Earth), and extracurricular (outside the regular curriculum).
The school offers several extracurricular activities, including chess club and choir.
學校提供幾項課外活動，包括西洋棋社和合唱團。
extra- + curricular = outside the regular course
Scientists search for extraterrestrial life by listening for radio signals from space.
科學家透過聆聽來自太空的無線電訊號，尋找外星生命。
extra- + terrestrial = beyond Earth
The politician's extravagant spending was criticised by voters who wanted simpler leadership.
那位政治人物的奢侈花費遭到選民批評，大家希望更簡樸的領導風格。
Some people claim that cats have an extrasensory ability to find their way home.
有些人認為貓有超感知能力，能夠找到回家的路。
The marriage counsellor discussed problems that can arise from extramarital relationships.
婚姻諮商師討論了婚外情可能引發的問題。
文法句型
extra- + adjective
extra- + noun
用法筆記
The prefix extra- attaches to adjectives (extraordinary, extrasensory) and a few nouns (extraterrestrial). Do not confuse with the adverb or adjective extra, which are separate words. The prefix appears mainly in formal or academic vocabulary.