supplement
supplement — 名詞
1. something extra that you include with another thing when you want to make it ful
補充物；附加
改善或補足某事的額外事物
something extra that you include with another thing when you want to make it fuller or address something that is missing — such as earnings from a side job that you add onto your regular wages, or extra pages inserted into a report.
Emma took on a part-time job as a supplement to her regular income.
Emma 找了一份兼職工作，當作正職收入的補充。
collocation: supplement to [something]
The company offers a pension supplement for staff who stay longer than ten years.
公司針對任職超過十年的員工提供退休金補貼。
Government grants served as a vital supplement to the school's library budget.
政府的補助款成了學校圖書館經費的重要補充。
Ziad uses income from freelance design work as a supplement to his main salary.
Ziad 把接案設計的收入當作正職薪資的附加收入。
- deduction
something taken away, especially from an amount of money
文法句型
supplement + to + noun phrase
用法筆記
Frequently used in the pattern 'supplement to + noun' — for example, 'a supplement to the report.' The thing being supplemented is typically financial (income, salary, pension, budget) but can also be abstract (a supplement to the discussion).
常見錯誤
2. a product made from natural ingredients such as vitamins and minerals that you t
保健食品
含維生素或礦物質的營養補充品
a product made from natural ingredients such as vitamins and minerals that you take to keep your body healthy or to get important nutrients your everyday meals do not provide enough of.
Many older adults take calcium supplements to keep their bones strong.
許多長輩會吃鈣片保健食品來維持骨骼健康。
collocation: take + [type] supplements
Joon buys vitamin C supplements every winter to help fight off colds.
Joon 每年冬天都會買維生素 C 保健食品來對抗感冒。
The doctor recommended a daily iron supplement for Anjali after her blood test showed low levels.
Anjali 抽血檢查發現數值偏低後，醫生建議她每天補充鐵質。
Not all dietary supplements on the market are tested for safety before they are sold.
市面上不是每一種保健食品在販售前都經過安全檢測。
- dietary supplement
the full formal name; more precise than supplement alone
- health product
broader category that includes supplements but also other wellness items
- nutrient
refers to the substance inside the supplement, not the product itself
文法句型
take + [adjective] supplement(s)
supplement + of + nutrient
用法筆記
Commonly appears in plural form (supplements) since people often take more than one type. The word 'dietary' is frequently used before 'supplement' to specify this sense. In Taiwan, these are usually labelled as 保健食品 (health food products) under local food-safety regulations.
常見錯誤
3. an extra section of a newspaper or magazine, often sold separately or printed as
副刊；增刊
報紙或雜誌額外發行的專欄
an extra section of a newspaper or magazine, often sold separately or printed as a special insert, that focuses on a particular topic such as travel, fashion, or books.
The Sunday newspaper includes a colourful travel supplement every week.
這家報紙的週日版每週都附送一本精美的旅遊副刊。
common in: Sunday supplement / weekend supplement
Léa read a detailed article about climate change in the magazine's science supplement.
Léa 在雜誌的科學增刊上讀到一篇關於氣候變遷的詳細報導。
This weekend's book supplement contains reviews of more than forty new novels.
這週末的讀書增刊收錄了超過四十本新小說的書評。
The local newspaper launched a monthly food supplement with recipes from neighbourhood chefs.
地方報紙推出了每月一次的飲食增刊，介紹社區廚師的食譜。
文法句型
[newspaper/magazine] + supplement
supplement + on/about + topic
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 4 (book supplement): a media supplement is part of a periodical (newspaper or magazine) and is usually published on a regular schedule, whereas a book supplement is a one-time addition. In Taiwan, the most well-known example is the 聯合報 '聯合副刊' (United Daily News supplement).
4. an additional section included in a book — either placed at the back or issued a
補編；附錄
書籍末尾補充資訊的章節
an additional section included in a book — either placed at the back or issued as a separate booklet — that gives readers updated facts or material that came to light after the main text was finished.
The dictionary's supplement lists over five hundred new words from the past decade.
這本辭典的補編收錄了近十年出現的五百多個新詞。
supplement at the end of a reference book
A supplement at the back of the textbook explains the maths formulas in more detail.
教科書後面的附錄更詳細地解釋了那些數學公式。
The publisher released a separate supplement with updated maps and population figures.
出版社另外發行了附錄，裡面有更新過的地圖和人口數據。
Otis found the answer to his question in the supplement that came with the encyclopaedia set.
Otis 在百科全書附贈的補編裡找到了他問題的答案。
- appendix
usually part of the original book plan and appears inside the book; a supplement may be published separately afterwards
- addendum
a formal term for material added at the end of a document, often legal or academic; slightly more formal than supplement
- annex
a document attached to a report or agreement; more common in official or business contexts
文法句型
supplement + to + [book/dictionary/textbook]
用法筆記
This sense is more formal and typically appears in academic or reference publishing. Unlike a general 'appendix' (which is planned as part of the original book), a supplement is usually created after the main book is finished, to include updates or corrections.
supplement — 動詞
1. to put extra material, money, or other items together with something you already
補充；補足
添加某物使其更大、更好或更完整
to put extra material, money, or other items together with something you already have, making it bigger, better, or more complete — for instance, earning more on the side to increase your pay, or taking additional nutrients to support your eating habits.
Rafael supplements his teaching salary by tutoring students on weekends.
Rafael 靠週末幫學生家教來補充教師薪資的收入。
supplement + noun + by + verb-ing
Ife decided to supplement her diet with extra protein after joining the gym.
Ife 加入健身房後，決定在飲食之外額外補充蛋白質。
supplement + noun + with + noun
The museum's permanent collection is supplemented by temporary exhibitions twice a year.
這間博物館的常設展每年由兩次特展來補足。
Dylan supplements the family meals with fresh vegetables from his own garden.
Dylan 用自家菜園種的新鮮蔬菜來補充家中的餐點。
- reduce
to make something smaller or less in amount
文法句型
supplement + noun + with + noun
supplement + noun + by + verb-ing
用法筆記
Common patterns: (1) 'supplement [something] with [thing added]' — the focus is on what you add. (2) 'supplement [something] by [method]' — the focus is on how you do it. The passive form 'be supplemented by' is common in formal or academic writing.