extract
extract — 動詞
1. to take a substance or object out of something else, usually by pulling, pressin
提取；取出
從某物中取出或分離出
to take a substance or object out of something else, usually by pulling, pressing, or using a chemical or mechanical process
The dentist extracted the damaged tooth without causing too much pain.
牙醫在沒有造成太大疼痛的情況下拔出了那顆受損的牙齒。
extract + tooth (medical extraction of a body part)
The laboratory technician extracted oil from lavender flowers using steam distillation.
實驗室技術員利用蒸氣蒸餾法從薰衣草花中提取出精油。
extract + from + [source] (chemical extraction process)
Rescuers worked through the night to extract the driver from the wrecked car.
救難人員徹夜工作，將駕駛從撞毀的車中救出來。
Honeybees extract nectar from flowers and turn it into honey.
蜜蜂從花朵中吸取花蜜，然後將其轉化為蜂蜜。
文法句型
extract + noun + from + noun phrase
用法筆記
Object is usually something embedded, dissolved, or physically contained inside another substance. Commonly used with the preposition 'from' to indicate the source.
常見錯誤
2. to get information, money, or an agreement from someone by applying pressure, th
強取；逼取
透過施壓迫使對方交出
to get information, money, or an agreement from someone by applying pressure, threats, or persistent effort when they are unwilling to give it
The police failed to extract a confession from the suspect despite hours of questioning.
警方雖然審問了數小時，仍未能從嫌疑人那裡逼出口供。
extract a confession (collocation in legal context)
The journalist managed to extract a promise from the politician to address the issue.
記者設法讓那位政治人物勉強承諾會處理這個問題。
During the negotiation, the union extracted a pay raise from the company management.
在談判中，工會從公司管理階層那裡爭取到了加薪。
The lawyer tried to extract the truth from the witness during cross-examination.
律師試圖在交叉詰問中從證人口中問出真相。
文法句型
extract + noun + from + noun phrase
用法筆記
Often used in legal, investigative, or negotiation contexts. The object is typically intangible — a confession, promise, information, or agreement. The subject is usually a person or institution in a position of authority.
常見錯誤
3. to choose and copy a short piece of writing from a book, article, or document in
摘錄；引用
從書面作品中選取並抄錄
to choose and copy a short piece of writing from a book, article, or document in order to use or cite it in your own work
The student extracted several key paragraphs from the research paper for her essay.
那名學生從研究論文中摘錄了幾個關鍵段落，用於自己的報告。
extract + from + [written work] (for citation)
The author extracted a short chapter from his novel for a literary magazine.
作者從他的小說中選取了一章簡短的內容供文學雜誌刊登。
The historian extracted relevant passages from old court records for the book.
歷史學家從古老的法庭紀錄中摘錄相關段落，用於這本書的撰寫。
The teacher asked the class to extract the main arguments from the reading assignment.
老師要求全班同學從閱讀作業中摘錄出主要論點。
- paraphrase
to restate an idea in your own words rather than copying directly
- omit
to leave out, not include
文法句型
extract + noun + from + noun phrase
用法筆記
The extracted material is typically a relatively short passage used to support an argument or illustrate a point. Distinguish from verb sense 1 (physically removing something) — this sense is about selecting text, not taking a physical object.
常見錯誤
extract — 名詞
1. a concentrated substance obtained from a plant, fruit, herb, or other natural so
萃取物；精華
從植物等天然來源提煉的濃縮物質
a concentrated substance obtained from a plant, fruit, herb, or other natural source, used especially in cooking, medicine, or beauty products
The recipe calls for a teaspoon of vanilla extract to flavour the cake.
食譜要求加入一茶匙香草精來為蛋糕增添風味。
vanilla extract (common food ingredient)
Many skin creams contain aloe vera extract to soothe and moisturise the skin.
許多護膚霜含有蘆薈萃取物，可以舒緩和保濕肌膚。
The herbal extract is believed to help reduce stress and improve sleep quality.
這種草藥萃取物被認為有助於減輕壓力、改善睡眠品質。
The company produces a liquid extract of ginseng for adding to tea or water.
該公司生產一種人參液體萃取物，供加入茶或水中飲用。
- essence
similar in meaning but often suggests a more refined or aromatic concentrate
- concentrate
focuses on the condensed state rather than the extraction method
- tincture
specifically an alcohol-based herbal extract; more technical
文法句型
extract + of + [source plant/material]
用法筆記
Commonly used both as a countable noun ('a vanilla extract', 'many herbal extracts') and an uncountable noun ('some extract', 'made with extract'). When specifying the source, use 'extract of [source]' or '[source] extract'.
常見錯誤
2. a short piece of writing, speech, or music taken from a longer work for a partic
摘錄；選段
從長篇作品中選出的短篇段落
a short piece of writing, speech, or music taken from a longer work for a particular purpose such as discussion, analysis, or preview
The exam included an extract from a 19th-century novel that students had to analyse.
考試包含一篇摘自十九世紀小說的選段，學生需要進行分析。
extract from + [novel/work] (academic context)
The magazine published an extract from the former president's autobiography.
該雜誌刊登了前總統自傳中的一段摘錄。
The teacher handed out an extract of the poem for the students to discuss.
老師發下一段詩歌摘錄，供學生討論。
The website features extracts from newly published books so readers can preview them.
該網站刊載新出版書籍的摘錄，讓讀者可以先試閱。
文法句型
extract + from + [work]
用法筆記
Distinguish from verb sense 3 (CITE / QUOTE) — the noun refers to the passage itself, while the verb refers to the act of selecting it. Commonly used in publishing, education, and journalism.