funk
funk — 名詞
1. A style of dance music that came out of African American communities in the 1960
放克音樂
1960年代興起的強節奏黑人舞曲
A style of dance music that came out of African American communities in the 1960s, built on a strong repeated beat, deep bass lines, and influences from soul, jazz, and rhythm and blues.
Christopher put on a funk record, and the whole room started dancing.
Christopher 放了一張放克音樂的唱片，整個房間的人開始跳起舞來。
funk + noun modifier: funk record
Vinícius's album blends classic funk basslines with hip-hop and electronic sounds from Brazil.
Vinícius 的最新專輯融合了經典放克貝斯線、嘻哈節奏和來自巴西各地的電子音樂。
blends funk with [other genres]
Femi put on a James Brown record, and the funk bass made everyone start dancing.
Femi 放了一張 James Brown 的唱片，渾厚的放克貝斯讓在場所有人都跳起舞來。
Ayesha learned to play funk bass by listening to old Parliament records.
Ayesha 靠著聽舊 Parliament 樂團的唱片學會了放克貝斯。
The festival featured funk bands alongside soul and jazz acts from Senegal and Japan.
紐奧良音樂節邀請了放克樂團，以及來自塞內加爾和日本的靈魂樂與爵士樂表演者。
文法句型
funk + noun (modifier)
用法筆記
Often used as a modifier before nouns: funk music, funk band, funk guitar. The adjective 'funky' is much more common in everyday conversation.
2. A temporary period of sadness, low energy, or lack of confidence, often without
沮喪；低潮
情緒低落、提不起勁的狀態
A temporary period of sadness, low energy, or lack of confidence, often without a clear cause.
After quitting her job, Renata was in a funk for nearly a month.
Renata 辭職後，整整一個月都處於情緒低落的狀態。
in a funk (temporary low period)
Yuki tried going for a run every morning to lift herself out of her funk.
Yuki 試著每天早上跑步，讓自己擺脫低潮。
lift / pull out of a funk
The team's losing streak put the coach in a deep funk that lasted weeks.
球隊的連敗讓教練陷入持續好幾週的深度沮喪。
Wren could not shake the funk after moving to a new city by herself.
Wren 搬到一個新城市獨自生活後，一直無法擺脫那種低落的情緒。
Sade's roommate noticed she was in a funk and made her favourite dinner.
Sade 的室友注意到她心情低落，於是做了她最喜歡的晚餐。
- high spirits
state of happiness and energy
文法句型
in a funk
in a bit of a funk
in a blue funk
用法筆記
Almost always appears in the fixed phrase 'in a funk'. The intensity is usually mild — closer to 'the blues' than to clinical depression. 'Blue funk' is a slightly stronger variant.
常見錯誤
3. A state of nervous fear or worry about an upcoming event, as opposed to the gene
恐懼；憂慮
緊張害怕、無法正常思考的狀態
A state of nervous fear or worry about an upcoming event, as opposed to the general sadness of sense 2.
Hui was in a blue funk before her final exam and could barely sleep.
Hui 在期末考前極度恐懼，幾乎睡不著覺。
blue funk (strong fear/anxiety)
The actor was in a blue funk before shows, trembling too hard to hold the script.
那位演員每次演出前都陷入極度恐懼，手抖到連劇本都拿不穩。
Obi fell into a blue funk just thinking about the job interview.
Obi 一想到工作面試就陷入深深的恐懼。
The pilot was in a blue funk before every solo mission, even after months of training.
那位飛行員即使經過幾個月的訓練，每次單獨出任務前仍會陷入極度恐慌。
- calm
state of peace and control
文法句型
in a funk
in a blue funk
用法筆記
Closely related to sense 2 (DEPRESSION), but this sense emphasizes fear and worry rather than sadness. 'Blue funk' is particularly associated with this meaning.
4. A strong, unpleasant odor, especially one that is stale, sweaty, or musty and ha
臭味；霉味
濃烈難聞的氣味
A strong, unpleasant odor, especially one that is stale, sweaty, or musty and has built up over time.
A strange funk filled the kitchen after the garbage sat unemptied all weekend.
垃圾桶整個週末沒倒，廚房裡瀰漫著一股奇怪的臭味。
a funk filled [place]
The old gym locker room had a permanent funk that no cleaner could remove.
舊體育館的更衣室有一股用再強的清潔劑也去不掉的霉味。
Mauricio noticed a damp funk rising from the basement after weeks of rain.
Mauricio 注意到經過幾週的降雨後，地下室傳來一股潮濕的霉味。
The taxi driver rolled down the window to let out the funk of old smoke.
計程車司機搖下車窗，讓車內的陳舊菸味散出去。
- fragrance
a pleasant, sweet smell
文法句型
a funk of + noun
用法筆記
This sense is now rare in isolation, but it lives on in the adjective 'funky', which originally meant 'strong-smelling' or 'earthy' before acquiring its positive musical meaning.
funk — 動詞
1. To suddenly move back or hesitate because something has scared or surprised you.
退縮；畏縮
因害怕而突然向後退
To suddenly move back or hesitate because something has scared or surprised you.
The horse funked at the loud crack of thunder and refused to move forward.
那匹馬被一聲巨雷嚇到退縮，不肯往前走。
funk at [sudden stimulus]
Imran funked when the wave rose above him and paddled frantically toward the shore.
Imran 看到浪在他面前升起，嚇得拚命往岸邊划。
The puppy funked at its own reflection in the hallway mirror.
那隻小狗看到走廊鏡子裡的自己，嚇得往後退。
Kian funked when the dentist picked up the drill and grabbed the armrest.
Kian 看到牙醫拿起鑽頭時嚇得退了回去，緊緊抓住扶手。
- stand firm
not be moved by fear
文法句型
funk at [something]
用法筆記
This sense is chiefly British in modern usage and is considered old-fashioned. Most speakers today would use 'flinch', 'back away', or 'freeze' instead.
2. To feel very worried or frightened about something that has not happened yet.
害怕；畏懼
對未來的事感到極度擔憂
To feel very worried or frightened about something that has not happened yet.
Mira funked the thought of giving a speech in front of five hundred people.
Mira 一想到要在五百人面前演講就害怕極了。
funk + the thought of [event]
Arjun funked the dental appointment so badly that he cancelled three times.
Arjun 非常害怕看牙醫，連續取消了三次預約。
Hoa funked the phone call to her landlord about the broken heater and spent two freezing nights before she dialed.
Hoa 很害怕打電話給房東說暖氣壞了，在寒冷的房間裡撐了兩晚才撥出電話。
Talia funked the meeting with her professor to discuss the failing grade.
Talia 很害怕去見教授討論不及格的成績。
- look forward to
to feel excited about a future event
文法句型
funk + noun
用法筆記
Old-fashioned in modern English. Usually replaced by 'dread', 'be terrified of', or 'panic about'. The object is typically an event or situation, not a person.
3. To choose not to do something difficult or frightening because you do not have e
逃避；退卻
因缺乏勇氣而迴避做某事
To choose not to do something difficult or frightening because you do not have enough courage.
Takeshi funked the challenge of climbing the mountain despite months of training.
Takeshi 儘管訓練了好幾個月，最後還是逃避了攀登那座山的挑戰。
funk + noun (a challenge/task)
Élise funked telling her parents the truth about the accident until it was too late.
Élise 一直不敢跟父母說出車禍的真相，直到為時已晚。
Rania funked leading the team on the biggest project of the year and asked her boss for a co-leader.
Rania 逃避了帶領團隊執行今年最大專案的任務，請求主管指派另一位共同領導人。
Lauren funked the difficult talk with her partner and let things get worse.
Lauren 一直逃避跟伴侶進行那場困難的談話，讓情況越來越糟。
- chicken out of
more common informal equivalent
- bottle out of
British informal equivalent
- avoid
neutral and much more common
文法句型
funk + noun/verb-ing
用法筆記
By far the rarest of the verb senses. In modern English, 'bottle out (of)', 'chicken out (of)', or 'avoid' are used instead. The object is always something the subject was expected or obliged to do.