guilt
guilt — 名詞
1. the painful awareness that you have harmed someone or broken a moral rule — a pr
內疚；自責
因做錯事而自責難過
the painful awareness that you have harmed someone or broken a moral rule — a private feeling of self-blame accompanied by a wish to undo the act.
After yelling at her daughter, Gita felt a wave of guilt that kept her awake.
對女兒大吼之後，Gita 感到一陣內疚，整晚睡不著覺。
feel a wave of guilt (collocation)
Jin felt gnawing guilt over lying about his math grade after his mother thanked him for trying.
Jin 對數學成績撒謊後，媽媽還謝謝他用功，讓他感到陣陣內疚。
gnawing guilt (collocation)
Salma could not shake the guilt she felt for forgetting her friend's birthday party.
Salma 因為忘記朋友的生日派對，久久無法擺脫心中的愧疚。
Even though he apologized, Esteban's guilt over the accident did not go away for months.
雖然道了歉，Esteban 對那場車禍的內疚感好幾個月都沒有消散。
Nellie tried to push away the guilt after taking the last cake slice without asking.
沒問一聲就拿了最後一塊蛋糕，Nellie 想甩掉那種罪惡感卻辦不到。
- remorse
stronger than guilt; implies deep, painful regret combined with a desire not to repeat the wrong
- contrition
more formal and often used in religious contexts; emphasizes sincere repentance
- self-reproach
the act of blaming oneself, often used in psychological or literary writing
- pride
a feeling of satisfaction with one's actions; the opposite emotional state
- self-satisfaction
contentment with oneself, where guilt would involve self-criticism
文法句型
feel guilt
guilt about/over something
guilt of doing something
用法筆記
Unlike 'shame,' which often involves others knowing about the wrongdoing or public exposure, guilt is a private feeling of self-blame. Commonly appears with verbs such as 'feel,' 'carry,' 'be filled with,' and 'struggle with.' Frequently uncountable; rarely used in the plural.
常見錯誤
2. the legal or factual finding that a person broke a law or did wrong — the direct
有罪；罪責
違法或做錯事的法律事實
the legal or factual finding that a person broke a law or did wrong — the direct opposite of innocence in a court or in moral judgment.
The prosecutor had to prove the defendant's guilt beyond any reasonable doubt.
檢察官必須毫無合理懷疑地證明被告有罪。
prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt (legal collocation)
The evidence at the scene clearly pointed to Adina's guilt in the theft case.
現場證據清楚顯示 Adina 在偷竊案中有罪。
A person's guilt must be established by a jury before any punishment is given.
一個人的罪責必須由陪審團認定之後才能判刑。
The court asked whether the proof of guilt in the fraud case was sufficient for a trial.
法院詢問這起詐欺案的罪證是否足夠進行審判。
Noor claimed innocence, but the jury was convinced of her guilt by the witness.
Noor 堅持自己是清白的，但陪審團根據證人證詞認定她有罪。
- culpability
formal legal term; emphasizes responsibility and fault
- blame
less formal and broader than 'guilt'; can apply without a legal charge
- responsibility
focuses on accountability rather than moral failing
- innocence
the state of not having committed the wrongdoing in question
文法句型
prove guilt
admit guilt
establish guilt
用法筆記
The opposite of 'innocence.' In legal contexts, guilt is a judgment that follows a verdict or a plea. Frequently paired with verbs: 'prove,' 'establish,' 'admit,' 'confess,' 'deny,' 'determine.' Not used with emotional adjectives such as 'deep' or 'overwhelming' — those belong to sense 1.
常見錯誤
3. statements or remarks made to someone on purpose, aimed at making that person fe
愧疚話語
讓人心生愧疚的說詞
statements or remarks made to someone on purpose, aimed at making that person feel guilty — typically to get them to change their behavior or agree to a request.
Kemi's aunt lays guilt on her by saying, 'I suppose you have forgotten your family.'
Kemi 的阿姨對她說『我想你已經忘了家人吧』，讓她感到愧疚。
lays guilt on someone (idiomatic phrase)
Putri walked out when her brother laid guilt on her for missing his championship game.
Putri 因為錯過弟弟的冠軍賽而被弟弟怪罪，氣得直接走出房間。
lay guilt on someone (idiomatic phrase)
Tariro refused to listen to his friends' guilt trips about skipping their New Year's Eve party.
Tariro 的朋友因為他沒去跨年派對而發動愧疚攻勢，他索性不再聽了。
Shanti could not stand another guilt trip from her roommate about the dirty dishes.
Shanti 再也受不了室友因為髒碗盤對她發動愧疚攻勢了。
- encouragement
positive language meant to support rather than induce guilt
- praise
expression of approval rather than blame
文法句型
guilt about something
lay guilt on someone
guilt trip
用法筆記
Used almost always in fixed expressions such as 'guilt trip' (noun), 'lay a guilt trip on someone,' or the shorter 'lay guilt on someone.' This sense is informal and idiomatic — it names the manipulative talk itself, not the feeling that results from it.
guilt — 動詞
1. to make someone experience guilt on purpose, typically as a way to push them int
使內疚
故意讓某人感到愧疚
to make someone experience guilt on purpose, typically as a way to push them into doing something they are reluctant to do.
Élise's mother guilted her into staying for dinner even though she had other plans.
Élise 的媽媽用愧疚攻勢留她下來吃晚餐，即使她本來另有安排。
guilt + [person] + into [doing] (grammar pattern)
The charity advertisement guilted Ishaan into donating more money than he could really afford.
那則公益廣告讓 Ishaan 出於罪惡感捐了超出他負擔的金額。
Esteban felt guilted into the weekend shift when no one else offered.
沒有人自願值週末班，Esteban 被同事說得心生愧疚，只好接下了週末班。
Ada did not want to go on the trip, but her friends guilted her into joining at the last minute.
Ada 本來不想去旅行，但朋友們用愧疚攻勢逼得她最後一刻還是跟了。
- pressure
broader and more neutral; can be done without inducing guilt
- coerce
stronger; implies force or threats rather than emotional manipulation
- manipulate
broader; covers any type of dishonest influence
文法句型
guilt someone into doing something
用法筆記
This is a fairly recent verb use, formed from the noun by conversion. It is almost always used in the pattern 'guilt someone into (doing something).' Rarely appears without a following infinitive or prepositional phrase. Commonly occurs in the passive: 'feel guilted into.' Considered informal; in formal writing, 'make someone feel guilty' or 'pressure someone into' are preferred.