lag
lag — 動詞
- lagpresent simple I / you / we / they
- lagshe / she / it
- laggedpast simple
- lagging-ing form
1. to stay behind other people in movement or progress because you are not moving q
落後；掉隊
因速度慢而落在他人之後
to stay behind other people in movement or progress because you are not moving quickly enough
Rohan kept stopping to take photos, so he soon lagged behind the rest of the group.
Rohan 一直停下來拍照，所以很快就落後於團裡其他人。
lag behind + noun phrase
The company's sales have been lagging since their main competitor launched a cheaper product.
這家公司的銷售業績自從主要競爭對手推出更便宜的產品後就一直落後。
intransitive: no object needed after 'lag'
Rin was lagging during the final kilometre of the race because of a sore ankle.
Rin 因為腳踝酸痛，在比賽的最後一公里掉了隊。
The country's economy lags far behind its neighbours in terms of new technology.
該國的經濟在新科技方面遠遠落後於鄰國。
If a student lags behind in reading, the teacher offers extra help after school.
如果有學生的閱讀進度落後，老師會在放學後提供額外的輔導。
- fall behind
more common in everyday speech; interchangeable in most contexts
- trail
suggests being measurably behind in a race or competition
- dawdle
suggests a deliberate slowness caused by lack of effort
文法句型
lag + (behind + noun phrase)
用法筆記
Frequently appears with 'behind' to specify what or whom someone is failing to keep up with.
常見錯誤
2. to respond with a noticeable delay, used when a computer, video game, or interne
卡頓
電腦或遊戲反應遲緩
to respond with a noticeable delay, used when a computer, video game, or internet connection is slow to react to what a user does
Nora's laptop lagged badly when she tried to edit a large video file.
Nora 的筆記型電腦在她試圖編輯大型影片檔時嚴重卡頓。
subject = computer; no object needed
The game started to lag every time too many players appeared on screen at once.
每次螢幕上同時出現太多玩家時，遊戲就開始延遲。
Felipe hates playing online shooters on a connection that lags every few seconds.
Felipe 討厭用每幾秒就卡頓一次的網路連線玩線上射擊遊戲。
When Maja opened ten browser tabs at once, her computer began to lag noticeably.
Maja 一次打開十個瀏覽器分頁時，她的電腦開始明顯地卡頓。
Adina restarted her router because the video call kept lagging and freezing.
Adina 重新啟動了路由器，因為視訊通話一直卡頓和凍結。
- run smoothly
to operate without delay
文法句型
lag (no object); noun subject = computer, game, connection
用法筆記
Common in gaming and tech contexts. The subject is almost always a machine (computer, console, game app) or a connection, not a person.
常見錯誤
3. to cover pipes, tanks, or similar surfaces using a thick insulating wrap so that
包裹做保溫
裹上隔熱材料以防結冰或失溫
to cover pipes, tanks, or similar surfaces using a thick insulating wrap so that heat is not lost or water does not freeze
Before winter arrived, the landlord lagged all the outdoor pipes with foam insulation.
冬天來臨前，房東用泡棉隔熱材料包裹了所有室外管道。
transitive: object = pipes, material = with + insulation
The plumber recommended that we lag the hot water tank to save on energy bills.
水管工建議我們包裹熱水槽以節省能源費用。
Yasmin spent the afternoon lagging the loft pipes to prevent them from bursting in the cold.
Yasmin 花了一下午包裹閣樓的水管，以免它們在天冷時爆裂。
The contractor used a special rubber material to lag the heating ducts in the basement.
承包商使用一種特殊的橡膠材料包裹地下室的暖氣管道。
If you do not lag the exposed pipes, they may freeze when the temperature drops below zero.
如果你不包裹裸露的管道，當氣溫降到零度以下時它們可能會結冰。
文法句型
lag + noun phrase (pipes, tanks, ducts)
用法筆記
Most often used in DIY/home-maintenance contexts. The object is typically a type of pipe, tank, or duct. The insulating material is introduced with 'with'.
4. to put someone in prison or arrest them — used mainly in informal British Englis
關押；逮捕
監禁或逮捕某人（英式俚語）
to put someone in prison or arrest them — used mainly in informal British English
Under the old law, pickpockets could be lagged for stealing even small amounts of money.
根據舊法，扒手即使只偷了少量金錢也可能被關進監獄。
passive: be lagged for + crime
The detective was famous for lagging the most notorious gangsters in the city.
這位警探以逮捕市裡最臭名昭著的幫派分子而聞名。
Shirin read about a criminal who had been lagged for selling fake identity documents.
Shirin 讀到了一則關於一名因販賣假證件而被捕的罪犯的報導。
In the nineteenth century, many petty thieves were lagged and sent to colonies far away.
在十九世紀，許多小偷小摸的人被關押並遣送到遙遠的殖民地。
- release
to set someone free from prison
文法句型
lag + noun phrase (person); usually passive: be lagged
用法筆記
Historically common in British slang but now considered dated. The passive form ('be lagged') is more frequent than the active form.
常見錯誤
5. in golf, to send a ball a long way across the putting surface using a soft strok
推長球
高爾夫中輕推球使其靠近洞口
in golf, to send a ball a long way across the putting surface using a soft stroke, trying to make it stop close to the hole
Dewi lagged her ball to within two metres of the pin on the eighteenth hole.
Dewi 在第18洞將球輕推到距離旗桿兩公尺以內的位置。
transitive: lag + ball + distance phrase
Jiwoo carefully lagged the putt up the slope, hoping it would stop near the cup.
Jiwoo 小心地將球推上斜坡，希望它能在洞口附近停住。
Instead of trying to sink the long putt, Hugo chose to lag it close for an easy second shot.
與其嘗試直接推進長距離推桿，Hugo 選擇輕輕將球推到洞口附近，以便輕鬆打第二桿。
Professional golfers practise lagging putts from thirty feet or more to avoid three-putting.
職業高爾夫球手練習從三十英呎或更遠的距離輕輕推球，以避免三推。
Lisa lagged her approach shot perfectly, leaving herself a short tap-in for par.
Lisa 完美地輕推了她的攻果嶺球，只留下一記短距離的輕鬆推桿抓鳥。
文法句型
lag + ball/putt (transitive); lag up to + hole (intransitive)
用法筆記
Golf-specific. Contrasts with a regular putt: a 'lag putt' prioritises distance control over sinking the ball. Used both transitively ('lag the ball') and intransitively ('lag up to the hole').
常見錯誤
lag — 名詞
- lagsingular
- lagsplural
1. a period of time that separates two connected events
時間差
兩件相關事件之間的時間間隔
a period of time that separates two connected events
There is usually a time lag of two to three days between ordering online and receiving the package.
從在線下單到收到包裹，通常有兩三天的時間差。
time lag + of + duration + between X and Y
The lag between the lightning and the thunder told us the storm was about five kilometres away.
閃電和雷聲之間的時間差告訴我們暴風雨大約在五公里外。
Economists study the lag between changes in interest rates and their effect on consumer spending.
經濟學家研究利率變動與其對消費者支出影響之間的時間差。
A short lag between taking the medicine and feeling better is completely normal.
服藥後和感覺好轉之間有短暫的延遲是完全正常的。
文法句型
(a / the) lag + (in / between) + noun phrases
用法筆記
Often paired with 'time' to form the compound 'time lag'. The preposition 'between' introduces the two related events, while 'in' introduces a single process ('a lag in production').
常見錯誤
2. a delay that happens when a computer, video game, or internet connection reacts
延遲
電腦或遊戲因反應慢而出現的延遲
a delay that happens when a computer, video game, or internet connection reacts slowly to what a user does
The constant lag during the multiplayer match made the game almost unplayable.
多人對戰過程中持續的卡頓讓遊戲幾乎無法進行。
uncountable: 'constant lag' — no article
Rohan adjusted his graphics settings to reduce the lag when playing on his old laptop.
Rohan 調整了畫面設定，以減少在老舊筆電上玩遊戲時的卡頓。
High lag in video calls makes it hard to have a natural conversation with colleagues.
視訊通話中嚴重的延遲使人很難與同事進行自然的對話。
Adina bought a faster network cable to fix the lag she experienced during online classes.
Adina 買了一條更快的網路線來解決她在線上課程時遇到的卡頓問題。
Game developers are working to minimise lag so that players' inputs appear instantly on screen.
遊戲開發者正致力於減少延遲，讓玩家的操作能即時顯示在畫面上。
- smooth performance
operation without noticeable delay
文法句型
(no article / some / less) lag; countable in specific contexts: 'a slight lag'
用法筆記
In computing, 'lag' is most often uncountable ('causes lag'), but a countable use is possible when referring to a specific instance ('a slight lag when loading the map').
3. a prisoner, especially one who has served several sentences or been jailed repea
囚犯；累犯
坐牢的人，尤其指慣犯（英式俚語）
a prisoner, especially one who has served several sentences or been jailed repeatedly in the past
The prison had a special programme to help old lags find jobs after their release.
監獄有一項特別計畫，幫助老囚犯在獲釋後找到工作。
'old lag' — set phrase meaning repeat offender
A group of young offenders shared a cell with several experienced lags.
一群年輕的罪犯與幾位經驗豐富的累犯同住一間牢房。
Some of the lags in the workshop had been in and out of prison for twenty years.
工場裡有些囚犯二十年來進出監獄好幾次了。
The charity helps former lags find housing and apply for jobs after their sentences end.
這個慈善機構協助前囚犯在刑期結束後找到住處並申請工作。
- convict
formal; not slang
- prisoner
neutral; anyone in prison
- recidivist
formal; specifically someone who reoffends
文法句型
a/an/the + lag; often 'old lag'
用法筆記
British slang, now somewhat dated. The compound 'old lag' (a long-term or repeat offender) is more common than 'lag' used alone.
lag — 形容詞
- lagpositive
- laggercomparative
- laggestsuperlative
1. at the very back or end of a group; furthest behind
最後的
處在最末尾的；最後的
at the very back or end of a group; furthest behind
In old diaries, 'lag' sometimes meant the last person in a line or the one furthest behind.
在舊時的日記中，'lag' 有時指隊伍中最後一個人或落後最遠的人。
used attributively before a noun; historical register
A lag sheep, in older English farming, was simply the animal that walked at the back of the flock.
在早期英格蘭農業中，所謂的 lag sheep 就是指走在羊群最後面的那隻羊。
Old military records use the phrase 'the lag company' to describe the unit at the very rear of an army.
舊時的軍事紀錄用 'the lag company' 來指稱位在軍隊最末端的連隊。
In some English dialects, the youngest child in a family is still informally called the lag child.
在英格蘭某些方言中，家裡最小的孩子至今仍被非正式地稱為 lag child。
文法句型
used before a noun; no comparative forms
用法筆記
Very rare in modern English, mostly found in older or regional British writing. The more common word is 'last' or 'hindmost'.