membrane
membrane — 名詞
1. a thin, soft layer of tissue inside the body of a living thing that covers, line
生物膜
覆蓋或連接生物體內器官的薄層組織
a thin, soft layer of tissue inside the body of a living thing that covers, lines, or connects internal organs and other structures.
The mucous membrane inside your nose helps trap dust and germs before they reach the lungs.
鼻腔內的黏膜有助於在灰塵和細菌到達肺部前將它們攔住。
mucous membrane — common compound noun for body linings
During surgery, the doctor carefully cut through a thin membrane to reach the damaged organ.
手術過程中，醫生小心地切開一層薄膜，才能觸及受損的器官。
Inflammation of the membrane around the heart can cause sharp chest pain.
心臟周圍的膜發炎可能引起劇烈胸痛。
Have you ever wondered what the thin membrane covering the front of your eyeball is called?
你想過覆蓋在眼球前面的那層薄膜叫什麼嗎？
文法句型
membrane + of + body part
adjective + membrane (mucous membrane, thin membrane)
用法筆記
Frequently modified by the name of the organ or body part it surrounds (e.g., mucous membrane, membrane of the brain). In medical contexts, many membranes have their own specialized names — pleura for the lung lining, peritoneum for the abdominal cavity, and meninges for the brain covering.
常見錯誤
2. a thin, flexible sheet of synthetic or natural material that separates two areas
薄膜
用來分隔、阻隔或過濾的薄片材料
a thin, flexible sheet of synthetic or natural material that separates two areas, blocks the passage of liquids or gases, or serves as a cover for an opening.
A waterproof membrane was installed beneath the roof tiles to keep rain from leaking in.
屋頂瓦片下方安裝了一層防水薄膜，防止雨水滲入。
waterproof membrane — common collocation in construction
These running shoes use a breathable membrane that lets sweat escape while keeping water out.
這款跑鞋採用透氣薄膜，能讓汗水散發出去，同時保持鞋內乾爽。
breathable membrane — product feature collocation
Rachid wrapped the leftover sandwich in a plastic membrane before putting it in the fridge.
Rachid 用保鮮膜包好吃剩的三明治，放進冰箱。
The water treatment plant uses a special membrane to remove salt from seawater.
這座淨水廠使用一種特殊薄膜來去除海水中的鹽分。
文法句型
adjective + membrane (waterproof membrane, synthetic membrane)
membrane + for + purpose
用法筆記
Often appears in technical contexts such as construction, engineering, and filtration. Common modifiers include waterproof, breathable, synthetic, and permeable. Unlike sense 1, this sense does not refer to living tissue.
常見錯誤
3. the fine outer covering that surrounds every living cell, controlling which subs
細胞膜
包圍所有活細胞的外層薄膜
the fine outer covering that surrounds every living cell, controlling which substances are allowed to enter or leave.
The cell membrane controls which nutrients enter the cell and which waste products leave.
細胞膜控制哪些養分進入細胞，以及哪些廢物排出細胞。
cell membrane + control/allow/repair — typical verb patterns
Damage to the cell membrane can cause the cell to die because it can no longer hold its contents.
細胞膜受損可能導致細胞死亡，因為它無法再維持其內部物質。
Henrik studied how the cell membrane allows oxygen to pass through while keeping larger molecules out.
Henrik 在課堂上學到細胞膜如何讓氧氣通過，同時阻擋較大的分子。
Scientists have developed a model that shows how the cell membrane repairs itself after injury.
科學家建立了一個模型，展示細胞膜受損後如何自我修復。
- plasma membrane
a more technical synonym used in advanced biology; identical in meaning
- outer membrane
sometimes used for the outermost layer of a cell, especially in bacteria
- cell wall
a rigid outer layer found in plant cells, fungi, and bacteria — structurally different and not present in animal cells
文法句型
cell membrane
membrane + of + cell
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively in biology and life-science contexts. The compound noun cell membrane is a fixed term; advanced learners may also encounter the synonym plasma membrane. Distinguish from cell wall, which is a rigid outer layer found only in plants, fungi, and some bacteria.