miss
miss — 動詞
1. to not do something you planned or wanted to do, or to not get the chance to enj
錯過；失去
未能按計畫做到或體驗到
to not do something you planned or wanted to do, or to not get the chance to enjoy an experience you expected to have.
Ritu missed her flight because the taxi got stuck in heavy traffic.
Ritu 錯過了她的班機，因為計程車在繁忙的交通中動彈不得。
miss + noun (a scheduled event)
Benjamin missed the chance to study in Japan when the program was canceled.
Benjamin 錯過了去日本留學的機會，因為那個計劃被取消了。
miss + noun phrase (chance/opportunity)
The school orchestra did not want to miss performing at the city hall concert.
學校管弦樂團不想錯過在市立音樂廳演出的機會。
Niran missed watching the championship match because his flight arrived too late.
Niran 錯過了觀看冠軍賽，因為他的班機太晚抵達。
- catch
used for events ('catch the show') or opportunities ('catch a chance')
文法句型
miss + noun/pronoun (opportunity/event)
miss + verb+ing
用法筆記
Commonly takes a noun phrase or a gerund (-ing form) as object. The subject is often a person who had planned or expected something.
常見錯誤
2. to arrive after a bus, train, plane, or similar vehicle has left, so that you ar
趕不上；錯過
未能趕上交通工具
to arrive after a bus, train, plane, or similar vehicle has left, so that you are unable to travel on it.
Lan ran as fast as she could but still missed the last bus home.
Lan 盡全力奔跑，但還是錯過了最後一班回家的公車。
If we do not leave soon, we will miss the express train to Kaohsiung.
如果我們不趕快出發，就會趕不上往高雄的快車。
miss + [mode of transport]
Yael missed her connecting flight in Bangkok and had to wait until morning.
Yael 在曼谷錯過了轉機航班，只好等到天亮。
Mr. Tanaka missed the ferry by just two minutes and had to take the next one.
Tanaka 先生僅差兩分鐘沒趕上渡輪，只好搭下一班。
- be too late for
more explanatory; not a one-word synonym but more explicit
- catch
'catch the train' means you arrive in time to board it
文法句型
miss + mode of transport (bus/train/plane)
用法筆記
Object is always a specific vehicle or service (bus, train, flight, ferry). Frequently used with 'just' to emphasize a very narrow margin: 'I just missed the train.'
3. to stay away from an event, meeting, class, or other planned activity that you a
缺席；錯過
未出席應參加的活動
to stay away from an event, meeting, class, or other planned activity that you are expected to be present at.
Esteban has missed three swimming lessons this month because of his part-time job.
Esteban 這個月因為兼職工作已經缺席了三堂游泳課。
miss + class/lesson
Roya missed the weekly team meeting because her train was delayed by an hour.
Roya 錯過了每週的團隊會議，因為她的火車誤點了一個小時。
The goalkeeper decided to miss the award ceremony and rest at home instead.
那位守門員決定不出席頒獎典禮，而是留在家裡休息。
The night-shift nurse missed all the holiday parties because she had to work.
那位大夜班護理師因為必須上班，錯過了所有的節日派對。
- skip
informal; often implies a conscious choice not to go
- be absent from
more formal; used in official contexts such as school attendance records
文法句型
miss + noun (event/meeting/class)
用法筆記
This sense does not carry a negative judgment—it simply states that someone was not present. For a more critical tone, use 'skip' (informal) or 'fail to attend' (formal).
4. to fail to see, hear, or become aware of something that was happening or being s
漏聽；沒察覺
因分心等原因未能感知到
to fail to see, hear, or become aware of something that was happening or being said while your attention was elsewhere.
Inês missed the train announcement because her headphones were on too loud.
Inês 沒聽到火車的廣播，因為她的耳機音量開得太大了。
miss + noun (an announcement / a sound)
Stephanie missed the winning goal because she was checking a text message.
Stephanie 因為正在看簡訊，所以沒看到那記致勝的進球。
Maeve spoke so softly that I missed most of what she said.
Maeve 說話聲音太小，我沒聽到她說的絕大部分內容。
The children missed the first ten minutes of the film while buying snacks.
孩子們去買零食，錯過了電影的前十分鐘。
文法句型
miss + noun (something said/shown/happening)
用法筆記
Often used with sensory objects: sounds, sights, events. The reason for missing is usually a distraction or physical distance. Not used for permanent sensory loss (use 'cannot see' or 'cannot hear' instead).
5. to fail to notice a detail, mistake, sign, or person that is clearly present and
漏掉；忽略
未能注意到明顯可見的事物
to fail to notice a detail, mistake, sign, or person that is clearly present and visible.
The proofreader missed a spelling mistake on the very first page of the book.
校對者在那本書的第一頁就漏掉了一個拼字錯誤。
miss + noun (a mistake/error)
Élise drove past the restaurant twice because she missed the small sign above the door.
Élise 開車經過那家餐廳兩次，因為她沒注意到門上方的小招牌。
How did the referee miss that player's handball when everyone saw it?
全場觀眾都看到了那名球員的手球，裁判怎麼會沒有注意到？
Dr. Patel missed the warning light on the dashboard until smoke appeared.
Patel 醫生沒注意到儀表板上的警示燈，直到冒煙才發現。
- overlook
very close in meaning; 'overlook' often implies carelessness or haste
- fail to spot
informal; 'spot' suggests a quick visual identification
文法句型
miss + noun (detail/mistake/sign/person)
用法筆記
Stronger than 'fail to perceive' (sense 4) — here the information is physically available but the observer's attention was insufficient. Common with visual details: signs, errors, objects in plain sight.
常見錯誤
6. to feel unhappy or lonely because a person you care about is not with you, or be
想念；懷念
因人或事物不在身邊而感到難過
to feel unhappy or lonely because a person you care about is not with you, or because a place, activity, or thing you enjoyed is no longer part of your life.
The children miss their grandfather, who moved to a nursing home last winter.
孩子們想念他們的祖父，他去年冬天搬進了養老院。
miss + noun (a person you love)
Dr. Okafor said she misses the home-cooked meals her mother used to make.
Okafor 醫生說她懷念母親以前為她做的家常菜。
After ten years abroad, the Watanabe family still misses the cherry blossoms of their old neighborhood.
在國外住了十年後，Watanabe 一家仍然懷念老家附近的櫻花。
Tomás misses the long talks he used to have with his college roommate.
Tomás 懷念以前和大學室友進行的那些長談。
- forget
to stop thinking about someone or something
文法句型
miss + noun/pronoun (person/place/thing)
用法筆記
This is the only sense of 'miss' where the subject experiences an emotional response to absence. It is stative — usually not used in continuous/progressive form ('I am missing you' is acceptable in informal English, but 'I miss you' is standard).
常見錯誤
7. to aim at a person or thing but not touch or reach them with what you throw, sho
沒打中
未能擊中所瞄準的目標
to aim at a person or thing but not touch or reach them with what you throw, shoot, or swing.
Élise swung the racket at the tennis ball but missed it completely.
Élise 揮拍擊球，但完全沒打中網球。
miss + direct object (thing aimed at)
The stone missed the window by just a few centimetres.
石頭只差幾公分就擊中窗戶了。
miss + noun + by + distance
James threw a paper aeroplane across the room, but it missed and fell under the desk.
James 把紙飛機丟過房間，但沒有命中，掉到了書桌下面。
Ramón aimed carefully at the bottle, but the stone missed it by a wide margin.
Ramón 仔細瞄準瓶子，但石頭離目標差了一大截。
- hit
to successfully make contact with a target
文法句型
miss + noun (the thing aimed at)
miss + noun + by + distance/amount
miss (intransitive, no object)
用法筆記
Commonly used in sports (baseball, tennis, archery) and in any situation involving aiming. The intransitive form (without an object) is very frequent in spoken English.
常見錯誤
8. to realize that something or someone is not where you expected them to be, or th
發現遺失
察覺到某人或某物不在原處
to realize that something or someone is not where you expected them to be, or that you no longer have something you once had.
Hassan opened his backpack and missed his phone immediately.
Hassan 打開背包，馬上發現手機不見了。
miss + noun phrase (thing noticed as gone)
The librarian checked the shelf and missed three reference books.
圖書館員檢查書架時，發現少了三本參考書。
After the party, the host missed a silver spoon from the kitchen drawer.
派對結束後，主人發現廚房抽屜裡少了一支銀湯匙。
The teacher took attendance and missed two students from the morning class.
老師點名時發現早上課堂少了兩名學生。
- notice the absence of
more formal; less common in everyday speech
- find
to discover something that was lost or absent
文法句型
miss + noun (the thing or person no longer present)
用法筆記
Distinguish from 'miss' sense 6 (feel sadness because someone is absent). This sense is factual: you notice something is gone, without necessarily feeling emotional about it. Common with personal belongings, tools, or people who are expected to be present.
常見錯誤
miss — 名詞
1. a situation in which a thrown, kicked, or fired object does not reach the person
未命中
未能擊中目標的狀況
a situation in which a thrown, kicked, or fired object does not reach the person or thing it was aimed at
Sofía's third throw was a miss that landed far from the basketball hoop.
Sofía 的第三投未命中，球飛離籃框很遠。
countable noun: a miss
The hunter's first shot was a clean miss, and the deer fled into the forest.
獵人的第一槍完全未命中，鹿逃進了森林裡。
collocation: clean miss
Wei's arrow sailed wide of the bullseye for yet another miss in the archery contest.
Wei 的箭偏離了靶心，在射箭比賽中又一次未命中。
The striker's kick was a miss that cost his team the championship.
前鋒的射門未命中，讓他的球隊失去了冠軍。
The referee called it a near miss when the puck flew just past the goalpost.
裁判判定這是一記擦邊球，冰球剛好從球門柱旁邊飛過。
- hit
when the object successfully reaches the target
文法句型
a + miss
near miss
用法筆記
Often used in sports contexts to describe a shot, throw, or swing that does not connect with or reach the intended target.
常見錯誤
2. a situation in which someone does not succeed in getting, doing, or experiencing
失敗；失誤
未能達成目標或得到想要的結果
a situation in which someone does not succeed in getting, doing, or experiencing something they wanted or expected
Wei's application for the art scholarship was a miss, so he reapplied the next year.
Wei 的藝術獎學金申請失敗了，於是他隔年重新申請。
countable noun: a miss
After several misses in the job search, Femi decided to change careers.
在求職過程中經歷幾次失敗後，Femi 決定轉換跑道。
Folake's first attempt at baking bread was a miss — the loaf turned out hard.
Folake 第一次嘗試烤麵包失敗了——那個麵包變得很硬。
The movie was a miss for most critics, who found the plot confusing and slow.
對大多數影評人來說，這部電影是失敗之作，他們覺得劇情既令人困惑又緩慢。
文法句型
a + miss
用法筆記
Unlike sense 1 (physical target), this sense applies to abstract goals such as applications, attempts, guesses, or creative works that fall short of expectations.
常見錯誤
3. a young female person who acts in a rude, disrespectful, or impatient way, espec
冒失的女孩
行為粗魯無禮的年輕女子
a young female person who acts in a rude, disrespectful, or impatient way, especially towards older people
Grandmother called the neighbour a cheeky miss for talking back to her parents.
奶奶說鄰居是個沒禮貌的女孩，因為她跟爸媽頂嘴。
informal disapproving use
The old man muttered about a spoiled miss who had pushed ahead in the queue.
那位老先生咕噥著抱怨一個插隊的被寵壞女孩。
The novel's main character is a silly miss who cares only about parties.
這本小說的主角是一個整天只想著派對的傻女孩。
The shopkeeper shook his head at the rude miss demanding a refund without a receipt.
店員對那個沒帶收據就要求退款的無禮女孩搖了搖頭。
- lady
a polite, well-mannered woman
文法句型
a + adjective + miss
young miss
用法筆記
This use is old-fashioned and can be offensive. It is used to show disapproval of a young woman who the speaker feels does not show proper respect or behaves too boldly. Avoid using this sense in modern formal or polite contexts — it may be considered sexist or condescending.
常見錯誤
4. a word put before an unmarried woman's surname or complete name, used for polite
小姐
未婚女性的稱謂，用於姓氏前
a word put before an unmarried woman's surname or complete name, used for polite or official reference to her
Please send the invoice to Miss Chen at the accounting department.
請把發票寄給會計部的陳小姐。
Miss + surname
Miss Thompson has taught piano at the school for over twenty years.
Thompson 小姐在這所學校教鋼琴已經超過二十年了。
The envelope was addressed to Miss Noor Ahmadi at the embassy.
信封上寫著寄給大使館的 Noor Ahmadi 小姐。
Miss Watanabe was introduced as the new director of the library.
Watanabe 小姐被介紹為圖書館的新館長。
文法句型
Miss + surname
Miss + full name
用法筆記
Use 'Miss' for unmarried women. The equivalent for married women is 'Mrs.' and for women of any marital status is 'Ms.'. When unsure of a woman's marital status, 'Ms.' is the safest and most modern choice.
常見錯誤
5. a polite term used when talking directly to a young female person whose name you
這位小姐
對陌生年輕女性的禮貌稱呼
a polite term used when talking directly to a young female person whose name you do not know, common in service situations
The bus driver called out, "Excuse me, Miss, you dropped your scarf."
公車司機喊道：「不好意思，小姐，您的圍巾掉了。」
service context: bus driver addressing passenger
A waiter approached and asked, "Miss, would you like the dessert menu?"
服務員走過來問：「小姐，您要甜點菜單嗎？」
"Miss, your taxi is waiting outside," said the hotel receptionist.
「小姐，您的計程車在外面等，」飯店櫃檯人員說。
An elderly gentleman tipped his hat and said, "Good morning, Miss."
一位老先生舉帽致意說：「早安，小姐。」
- Ma'am
more formal; used for women of any age and marital status in American English
文法句型
Excuse me, Miss
Miss, ...
用法筆記
This use is becoming less common in modern English, where 'excuse me' on its own or no address term is often preferred by younger speakers. Some women may consider being called 'Miss' by a stranger old-fashioned.
常見錯誤
6. a term that schoolchildren in some countries use when speaking to or about a wom
老師
學童對女教師的口頭稱呼
a term that schoolchildren in some countries use when speaking to or about a woman teacher, instead of using her name
A little boy raised his hand and said, "Miss, I have finished my maths homework."
一個小男孩舉手說：「老師，我寫完數學作業了。」
child addressing female teacher
"Can I get a drink of water, Miss?" asked the girl in the front row.
「老師，我可以去喝水嗎？」坐在第一排的女孩問道。
The children lined up quietly when Miss said it was time to go to lunch.
老師說該吃午餐了，小朋友們就安靜地排好隊。
"Miss, Hana took my eraser!" complained the boy in the blue jumper.
「老師，Hana 拿了我的橡皮擦！」穿藍色毛衣的男孩抱怨道。
- teacher
gender-neutral; used in many school systems instead of 'Miss' or 'Sir'
- Sir
used by children to address a male teacher in similar contexts
文法句型
Miss + statement/question
用法筆記
Common in British primary schools. In American English, children typically use 'Mrs./Ms./Miss + surname' or 'Teacher' instead. Some schools now prefer using teachers' first names or 'teacher' to avoid gender-based titles.
常見錯誤
7. placed before the name of a country, city, or region to form the official title
后冠
地名前的選美冠軍封號
placed before the name of a country, city, or region to form the official title that a beauty competition winner uses to represent that area
Camille won the competition and was crowned Miss Taiwan 2024.
Camille 在比賽中勝出，奪得2024年臺灣小姐后冠。
Miss + [place name] for pageant winner title
The current Miss World has been visiting schools to promote charity work.
現任的世界小姐正在走訪各所學校推廣慈善工作。
Jin designed the evening gown that Miss Singapore wore at the final ceremony.
Jin 設計了新加坡小姐在決賽典禮上所穿的晚禮服。
A local newspaper interviewed Miss Hong Kong about her plans to study medicine.
一家地方報社採訪了香港小姐，談她學醫的計畫。
Nkechi watched the pageant on television, hoping her favourite contestant would become Miss Nigeria.
Nkechi 在電視上看選拔賽，希望自己喜愛的參賽者能成為奈及利亞小姐。
文法句型
Miss + [place name] forms the official title of a beauty contest winner
用法筆記
Always capitalised when used as a title. The name following Miss can be a country (Miss Japan), a city (Miss Taipei), an organisation (Miss Universe), or a competition name (Miss World).
常見錯誤
miss — 縮寫
1. a short written form of Mississippi, a state in the southern United States, ofte
密西西比
美國南部一州的郵政簡寫
a short written form of Mississippi, a state in the southern United States, often used in addresses or on maps
Please mail the form to Oxford, Miss., 38655, before the deadline.
請在截止日前將表格寄到密西西比州牛津市，郵遞區號 38655。
used in addresses after a city name
The delivery truck crossed from Miss. into Tennessee at dawn.
送貨卡車在黎明時從密西西比州開進田納西州。
Aiko grew up in Miss. and now studies engineering in Georgia.
Aiko 在密西西比州長大，現在在喬治亞州讀工程。
Rodrigo's family runs a small farm in Miss. that grows soybeans.
Rodrigo 家裡在密西西比州經營一座種植大豆的小農場。