nirvana

nirvana — 名詞

1. In Buddhism, the highest spiritual state of liberation in which a person is comp

1.名詞B2
釋義

涅槃

佛教中脫離慾望與痛苦的最高解脫境界

In Buddhism, the highest spiritual state of liberation in which a person is completely free from suffering because all selfish desires and attachments to the material world have been let go.

例句

After forty years of discipline and meditation, the old monk finally reached nirvana.

經過四十年禪修與打坐，這位老僧終於證入涅槃。

reach nirvana — achieving the Buddhist spiritual goal

Niran asked the monk at the mountain temple whether nirvana could be reached in this lifetime.

Niran 問山上寺廟的僧人，涅槃是否能在今生證得。

nirvana used without article in Buddhist context

同義詞
  • enlightenment

    Enlightenment is the process or moment of deep understanding; nirvana is the permanent state of freedom that follows

  • liberation

    More general term for being set free; nirvana is a specific Buddhist conception of liberation

  • moksha

    A parallel concept in Hinduism referring to release from the cycle of rebirth, with a different philosophical framework

反義詞
  • samsara

    The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth that nirvana releases one from

文法句型

attain nirvana

reach nirvana

achieve nirvana

seek nirvana

用法筆記

In Buddhism, nirvana is typically used without an article (not 'the nirvana'). Unlike heaven, it is not an afterlife destination but a spiritual state that can be attained while still alive through the extinction of desire.

常見錯誤

❌Buddhists believe good people go to nirvana after they die.
✅Buddhists believe nirvana is a state of liberation from suffering that can be attained during one's lifetime.
💡Nirvana is not an afterlife location like heaven; it is a state of being achieved by letting go of desire.

2. A condition of total perfection in which everything is exactly as it should be,

2.名詞C1
釋義

完美境界

事物毫無缺點、完美無瑕的狀態

A condition of total perfection in which everything is exactly as it should be, with no flaws, disorder, or problems — for example, a room that is perfectly organised or a piece of music with flawless balance.

例句

The chef described his spotless kitchen as a nirvana of perfect order and cleanliness.

那位主廚將他一塵不染的廚房形容為井然有序的完美境界。

a nirvana of + quality — describing perfection

For the recording engineer, the studio was a nirvana where every sound came out flawless.

對那位錄音工程師來說，錄音室是一個完美境界，每個聲音都精準無瑕。

同義詞
  • perfection

    A direct synonym for the state, but less poetic and without the spiritual overtones of nirvana

  • ideal

    An ideal is a standard worth aiming for; nirvana is the achieved state of flawlessness

  • zenith

    Refers to the highest point of achievement; nirvana implies ongoing perfect condition, not just a peak moment

反義詞
  • chaos

    Total disorder, the opposite of a perfectly ordered state

  • disarray

    A state of confusion and lack of organisation

文法句型

a nirvana of [quality]

personal nirvana

a nirvana of [order/beauty/balance]

用法筆記

Frequently appears in the pattern 'a nirvana of [quality]', where the quality is an abstract ideal such as order, beauty, balance, or harmony. The noun phrase after 'of' names what is being perfected.

常見錯誤

❌The team achieved a nirvana of sales numbers.
✅The conductor described the orchestra's performance as a nirvana of musical balance.
💡'A nirvana of [something]' is used for abstract qualities like order, beauty, or harmony, not for measurable results or targets.

3. A situation or experience of complete happiness, peace, and contentment, in whic

3.名詞B2
釋義

極樂

完全幸福快樂、毫無煩惱的境界或體驗

A situation or experience of complete happiness, peace, and contentment, in which nothing causes pain, stress, or worry — for example, relaxing in a beautiful place with no responsibilities.

例句

Lying on the warm sand with a cold drink, Reema felt she had found nirvana.

躺在溫暖的沙灘上喝著冷飲，Reema 覺得自己找到了極樂。

find nirvana — informal expression of perfect contentment

After the long mountain hike, the hot bath was pure nirvana for Élise.

長途登山之後，那缸熱水澡對 Élise 來說簡直是極樂享受。

pure nirvana — informal intensifier

同義詞
  • bliss

    Bliss emphasises intense joy or delight; nirvana suggests a deeper, more serene contentment

  • heaven

    Heaven is a religious afterlife concept; nirvana (sense 3) is a metaphor for earthly pleasure

  • paradise

    Paradise often implies a beautiful physical place; nirvana is more about a state of mind or feeling

反義詞
  • hell

    A place or state of extreme suffering, the opposite of blissful peace

  • nightmare

    A stressful or horrifying experience, opposite of a peaceful one

文法句型

pure nirvana

absolute nirvana

total nirvana

find nirvana in [activity]

用法筆記

Common in informal, everyday speech. Typically modified by 'pure', 'total', or 'absolute' for emphasis. Unlike sense 1, this sense carries no religious weight and refers to ordinary pleasures.

常見錯誤

❌The roller coaster ride was pure nirvana for the teenagers.
✅Reading in a hammock by the lake was pure nirvana for the tired mother.
💡Nirvana suggests peace, calm, and the absence of stimulation, not excitement or thrill.