reform
reform — 動詞
1. To change a system, law, organization, or someone's personal habits in order to
改革；改過
改變制度或行為以修正缺失
To change a system, law, organization, or someone's personal habits in order to fix its faults and make it work better.
The government plans to reform the healthcare system so that more people can get treatment quickly.
政府計劃改革醫療體系，讓更多人能快速獲得治療。
collocation: reform + [system / law / institution]
After years of gambling, Eshe decided to reform and focus on her family.
在多年賭博之後，Eshe 決定改過自新，專注於家庭。
intransitive: person reforms their behaviour
Many economists argue that the tax code needs to be reformed completely.
許多經濟學家認為稅法需要徹底改革。
Tomás promised to reform the company's outdated hiring practices.
Tomás 承諾要改革公司過時的招聘方式。
The welfare system was reformed in 2005 to give more support to low-income families.
福利制度在 2005 年進行了改革，為低收入家庭提供更多支援。
文法句型
reform + [system / law / institution]
reform + [person's ways / behaviour]
用法筆記
Can be used transitively (reform a system) or intransitively (a person reforms). For personal behaviour change, the intransitive use often implies stopping a harmful habit. The passive form is common in news discourse.
常見錯誤
reform — 名詞
1. A change made to a system, law, organization, or personal way of behaving that c
改革
對制度或行為所做的改進
A change made to a system, law, organization, or personal way of behaving that corrects faults and produces better results.
The education reform introduced smaller class sizes across all public schools.
教育改革在所有的公立學校推動了小班制教學。
collocation: education / tax / political / health reform
Christopher believes that political reform is necessary to reduce corruption in the government.
Christopher 認為政治改革是減少政府貪腐的必要手段。
The reform of the banking system after the crisis took over a decade to complete.
危機後銀行體系的改革花了十多年的時間才完成。
The government announced sweeping reforms to the immigration system last week.
上週政府宣布了對移民制度的全面改革。
Historians consider the 1832 Reform Act a turning point in the development of British democracy.
歷史學家認為 1832 年的改革法案是英國民主發展的轉捩點。
- overhaul
suggests a more thorough and complete rebuilding of a system
- restructuring
focuses on changing the organisation or arrangement, not necessarily fixing faults
- amendment
a smaller, more specific change, usually to a law or document
- stagnation
a state of no movement or change
- deterioration
the process of becoming worse rather than better
文法句型
[area] + reform
reform of + [system / institution]
用法筆記
Often follows a noun to specify the area of change, e.g. education reform, tax reform, electoral reform. Can be countable (a reform, many reforms) when referring to specific changes, or uncountable (reform) when talking about the idea or process in general.
常見錯誤
2. A shorter way to refer to Reform UK, a British political party that advocates fo
改革黨
英國政黨，主張低稅與嚴格移民管控
A shorter way to refer to Reform UK, a British political party that advocates for lower taxes, stricter immigration controls, and reducing the size of government.
Reform won two seats in the last general election.
改革黨在上次大選中贏得了兩個席次。
proper noun: always capitalised
Voters who supported Reform said they wanted lower taxes and stricter rules on immigration.
支持改革黨的選民表示，他們希望降低稅收並加強移民管制。
The leader of Reform gave a speech about cutting government waste and reducing regulation.
改革黨的黨魁發表了一場關於減少政府浪費與鬆綁法規的演說。
Some members of Reform left the party after a disagreement over trade and environmental policy.
改革黨的部分黨員因貿易與環保政策的歧見而退黨。
文法句型
Reform + [verb]
the leader / members / supporters of Reform
用法筆記
Always capitalised. Used mainly in British political news contexts. The party was originally founded as the Brexit Party in 2018 and was renamed Reform UK in 2021.
常見錯誤
reform — 形容詞
1. Supporting or connected to the idea of making changes to existing systems, espec
改革派
主張或支持改革的
Supporting or connected to the idea of making changes to existing systems, especially in politics where reforms are seen as necessary improvements.
The newspaper has a reform agenda and wants to change how the country is run.
該報有改革議程，希望能改變國家的運作方式。
collocation: reform agenda / reform movement / reform candidate
Reform candidates were elected to the city council after promising to cut waste and taxes.
改革派候選人承諾減少浪費與減稅後，當選進入市議會。
The reform movement gained widespread support across the country after the corruption scandal broke.
貪腐醜聞爆發後，改革運動在全國各地獲得廣泛支持。
The reform mayor pushed for a full review of the public transport system.
改革派的市長推動了公共交通系統的全面檢討。
- progressive
broader term that also includes social and cultural change, not just structural reform
- revisionist
more negative connotation, often used for changing historical interpretations
- conservative
resists change and prefers to keep existing systems
- reactionary
wants to return to an earlier, more traditional state
文法句型
reform + [noun]
用法筆記
Used only before a noun (attributive position). It cannot be used after a linking verb — e.g. 'a reform politician' is correct, but 'the politician is reform' is not. Often contrasts with 'conservative' or 'traditional' in political writing.
常見錯誤
2. Belonging to Reform Judaism, a liberal branch of Judaism that adapts traditional
改革派猶太教
調整傳統儀式以適應現代的猶太教派別
Belonging to Reform Judaism, a liberal branch of Judaism that adapts traditional religious beliefs and practices to fit modern life.
The Liang family attends a Reform synagogue near their home every Friday evening.
Liang 一家每週五晚上都會去家附近的一間改革派猶太教堂。
collocation: Reform synagogue / Reform congregation / Reform Judaism
Reform Judaism allows men and women to sit together during worship services.
改革派猶太教允許男女在禮拜儀式中坐在一起。
Her grandmother was raised Orthodox but later joined a Reform congregation in the city.
她的祖母從小信奉正統派，後來加入市區的一間改革派會堂。
The Reform movement ordains female rabbis and welcomes interfaith families.
改革派運動任命女性拉比，並歡迎跨信仰家庭。
- Liberal Judaism
used mainly in the UK to describe the same movement
- Progressive Judaism
an umbrella term that includes Reform and other liberal Jewish movements
- Orthodox Judaism
the traditional branch that maintains original religious practices
文法句型
Reform + [Judaism / synagogue / rabbi / congregation]
用法筆記
Always capitalised. This sense refers specifically to the Reform movement within Judaism, which began in 19th-century Germany. It contrasts with Orthodox Judaism and Conservative Judaism. 'Reform' is placed before religious terms: a Reform synagogue, not a 'reformed' synagogue.