relief
relief — 名詞
1. The pleasant feeling you get when a worry, fear, or uncomfortable situation goes
鬆了一口氣
擔心解除後的輕鬆感受
The pleasant feeling you get when a worry, fear, or uncomfortable situation goes away or turns out better than you feared.
Zayd let out a deep breath of relief when the exam results arrived.
Zayd 看到考試成績後,深深鬆了一口氣。
collocation: breath of relief
To everyone's relief, the storm changed direction and missed the town.
讓大家鬆了一口氣的是,暴風雨轉向並避開了小鎮。
fixed phrase: to one's relief
It was such a relief to hear that the surgery went well.
聽到手術順利完成,真是讓人鬆了一口氣。
The Okonkwo family felt great relief after finding their lost cat.
Okonkwo 一家找到走失的貓之後,感到非常寬慰。
Much to Antonia's relief, the knee pain finally disappeared after a week of rest.
讓 Antonia 感到寬慰的是,膝蓋疼痛在休息一週後終於消失了。
文法句型
to one's relief
what a relief
relief at / when…
用法筆記
Often used in fixed expressions: 'to one's relief', 'what a relief', and 'it is a relief to...'. For physical pain, use 'relief from' rather than bare 'relief'.
常見錯誤
2. Food, water, medicine, money, or other help provided to people who are suffering
救濟物資
提供給災民或窮人的援助
Food, water, medicine, money, or other help provided to people who are suffering because of a war, natural disaster, or severe poverty.
International relief agencies sent food and clean water to the flooded region.
國際救濟機構向水災地區運送了食物和乾淨的水。
collocation: relief agencies
The government announced new relief funds for families affected by the earthquake.
政府宣布了為地震受災家庭提供的新救濟基金。
collocation: relief funds
Volunteers distributed relief supplies to thousands of homeless families after the hurricane.
志工在颶風後向成千上萬無家可歸的家庭分發了救濟物資。
The charity focused on providing medical relief in areas where hospitals had been destroyed.
該慈善機構專注於在醫院被摧毀的地區提供醫療救助。
Many countries contributed to the relief effort after wildfires destroyed entire villages.
許多國家為野火燒毀村莊後的救災工作做出了貢獻。
- aid
broader term; can be any kind of help, not just emergency
- assistance
more formal and general
- humanitarian aid
specifically for crisis situations; more formal
文法句型
relief + noun (relief fund / relief effort)
relief for + noun phrase
用法筆記
Common before nouns: relief agency, relief worker, relief fund, relief supplies. Can also refer to 'tax relief' — a reduction in the amount of tax owed.
常見錯誤
3. In baseball, the period of throwing done by a pitcher who enters the game to rep
後援投球
棒球中替補先發投手上場
In baseball, the period of throwing done by a pitcher who enters the game to replace a pitcher who has already left the mound.
Rodrigo pitched three innings of relief and did not allow a single run.
Rodrigo 後援投了三局,沒有讓對手拿下任何一分。
pattern: innings of relief
The team's relief pitcher struck out four batters in a row to end the game.
球隊的後援投手連續三振了四位打者,結束了比賽。
collocation: relief pitcher
The manager called for relief in the seventh inning after the starter got tired.
總教練在第七局先發投手累了之後,呼叫了後援投手上場。
Sana has been the best relief pitcher in the league for the past two seasons.
Sana 在過去兩個賽季一直是聯盟中最好的後援投手。
- starting pitching
the pitcher who begins the game, replaced by relief
文法句型
in relief
innings of relief
relief pitcher
用法筆記
Baseball-specific. The opposite is 'starting pitching'. Relief pitchers are also called 'relievers' or 'bullpen pitchers'.
4. A technique for decorating a flat surface such as wood, stone, or metal by cutti
浮雕技法
從平面凸起圖案的雕刻方法
A technique for decorating a flat surface such as wood, stone, or metal by cutting away the background so that the design sticks out from the surface.
The ancient temple walls were decorated with intricate relief carvings of flowers and animals.
古廟的牆壁上裝飾著精緻的花卉和動物浮雕。
collocation: relief carving
The artist created a beautiful relief in wood, showing a family gathered around a fire.
藝術家用木頭創作了一件美麗的浮雕,描繪一家人圍著火的場景。
Students learned the difference between high relief and low relief in their art class.
學生們在藝術課上學習了高浮雕和淺浮雕的區別。
The museum displayed a stone relief that told the story of a famous battle.
博物館展示了一件刻有著名戰役故事的石頭浮雕。
- bas-relief
specifically low relief where the design projects only slightly
- embossing
a similar technique for paper or metal, usually done by pressing rather than carving
文法句型
in relief
relief carving / sculpture
用法筆記
The technique itself is uncountable ('carved in relief'). Individual works are countable ('a stone relief'). 'High relief' means the design stands out a lot; 'low relief' (also called 'bas-relief') means it stands out only slightly.
常見錯誤
5. A sculpture or carved design in which the shapes stand out from a flat backgroun
浮雕作品
凸出於平面的雕刻藝術品
A sculpture or carved design in which the shapes stand out from a flat background surface, as opposed to a fully three-dimensional statue.
The limestone relief above the door showed a king hunting deer with his men.
門上方的石灰岩浮雕描繪了一位國王帶著部下獵鹿的場景。
Devika admired the marble relief of dancers on the old palace wall.
Devika 欣賞著舊皇宮牆上舞者的大理石浮雕。
pattern: relief of [subject]
The church had a wooden relief of the Last Supper behind the altar.
教堂祭壇後方有一幅〈最後的晚餐〉木雕浮雕。
Tariro bought a small brass relief of birds from the local market.
Tariro 在當地市場買了一幅小型的黃銅鳥類浮雕。
- carving
broader; can refer to work that is fully three-dimensional
- bas-relief
a specific type of relief sculpture where the design projects only slightly
- frieze
a long, narrow relief placed high on a wall, usually telling a story
- freestanding sculpture
a statue that is fully three-dimensional and not attached to a background
文法句型
a + adjective + relief + of + noun phrase
用法筆記
A countable noun — you can have 'a relief' or several 'reliefs'. Some reliefs are portable panels, while others are carved directly onto building walls as permanent decoration.
6. Someone who takes over a job or shift so that the usual worker can rest, go off
替班人員
代替他人值班的人員
Someone who takes over a job or shift so that the usual worker can rest, go off duty, or take time off.
The night-shift relief arrived at ten o'clock to take over from the day team.
夜班替班人員在十點到達,接替白班團隊的工作。
Mira worked as a relief driver during the holidays when many staff were on leave.
Mira 在假期期間擔任代班司機,因為許多員工都休假。
collocation: relief driver
The hospital called in a relief nurse for the morning shift.
醫院為早班調來了一位代班護理師。
Security guards work twelve-hour shifts, and then a relief comes to replace them.
保全人員工作十二小時的班,然後由替班人員來接替他們。
- replacement
more general; can be for any role, not just shift work
- substitute
common in teaching and sports
- stand-in
informal; often used in film or theater
文法句型
a relief + noun (driver / nurse / worker)
the relief arrives / comes
用法筆記
Used especially for shift-based jobs: nursing, security, factory work, and driving. The relief allows the previous worker to rest or go off duty.
常見錯誤
7. an enjoyable activity or event that breaks up a period of boredom or difficulty
解悶;調劑
打破無聊或單調的有趣活動
an enjoyable activity or event that breaks up a period of boredom or difficulty by giving you something different to focus on
After three hours of homework, Yan found relief by playing a short game on his phone.
Yan 寫了三小時功課後,打了一會兒手機遊戲來解悶。
relief + by + V-ing: activity that breaks boredom
The comedy show was a welcome relief from the serious tone of the training course.
那場喜劇表演為嚴肅的培訓課程帶來了讓人愉快的調劑。
welcome relief from + noun
For Apinya, gardening offered relief from the daily stress of her office job.
對 Apinya 來說,園藝為她紓解了辦公室工作的日常壓力。
The children treated the trip to the museum as light relief during exam week.
孩子們把去博物館的校外教學當作考試週的輕鬆調劑。
Kofi needed some comic relief after dealing with angry customers all morning.
Kofi 應付了一整個早上生氣的顧客後,需要一些搞笑的東西來解悶。
- diversion
more formal; emphasises turning attention away from routine
- distraction
suggests something that stops you focusing on what is unpleasant
- break
more general; a pause from an activity
文法句型
relief + from + noun/gerund
a welcome/light/comic + relief
用法筆記
Often paired with adjectives like welcome, light, or comic to describe the type of break.
常見錯誤
8. a legal order or compensation provided by a court to someone who has suffered a
法律救濟
法院提供的補償或命令
a legal order or compensation provided by a court to someone who has suffered a wrong or loss
The court granted relief to the tenants by ordering the landlord to fix the broken pipes.
法院命令房東修理破裂的水管,以此對租戶提供法律救濟。
grant relief to + affected party
Mateo sought legal relief after a former business partner stole his client list.
Mateo 的前合夥人偷走他的客戶名單後,他向法院尋求法律救濟。
seek legal relief
The judge denied the request for injunctive relief because the evidence was not strong enough.
法官駁回了禁制令救濟的申請,理由是證據不夠充分。
Self-employed workers in the region can apply for tax relief on their home office costs.
該地區的自僱人士可以就其居家辦公費用申請稅務救濟。
Faisal's lawyer argued that monetary relief alone would not fix the harm done to his reputation.
Faisal 的律師主張,僅有金錢救濟無法彌補他名譽所受的損害。
- redress
formal; emphasises correction of a wrong
- remedy
any legal solution, not just financial
- compensation
narrower; only covers money or payment
- injustice
the wrong that legal relief aims to correct
文法句型
seek/grant/deny + relief
relief + for + affected party
用法筆記
Commonly used in formal legal contexts. Often appears with specific adjectives: injunctive relief (a court order to stop or force an action), monetary relief (financial compensation), tax relief (a reduction in the amount of tax owed).
常見錯誤
9. the action of ending a military siege by driving enemy forces away from a surrou
解圍;救援
解救被包圍的城鎮或軍隊
the action of ending a military siege by driving enemy forces away from a surrounded town or position
The army marched through the night to bring relief to the besieged city.
軍隊連夜行軍,前去解救那座被圍困的城市。
bring relief to + besieged place
Naval ships were sent for the relief of the soldiers trapped at the coastal fort.
軍艦被派去救援被困在沿海堡壘中的士兵。
the relief of + military position
The long-awaited relief of the garrison finally arrived by helicopter just before dawn.
對駐軍的救援遲遲到來,終於在黎明前由直升機送達。
After weeks under siege, the town celebrated the arrival of the relief force.
被圍困數週後,全鎮慶祝救援部隊的到來。
Salma's grandfather served in the unit that led the relief of the surrounded battalion.
Salma 的祖父曾在帶頭救援被包圍部隊的單位服役。
- liberation
broader; can apply to any freeing from control or occupation
- rescue
more general; used for any dangerous situation, not only military
- siege
the state that relief aims to end
- encirclement
the surrounding of a position by enemy forces
文法句型
the relief of + besieged place
bring relief to + besieged place
用法筆記
This sense is almost always used in military-historical contexts. The pattern 'relief of + [place/force]' is the most common grammatical frame. Distinguish from sense 2 (AID) — sense 9 is specifically about breaking a military siege, not about humanitarian assistance.
常見錯誤
10. the effect created when something is easy to see or notice because it clearly st
對比;突出
因與背景對比而清晰可見
the effect created when something is easy to see or notice because it clearly stands out from its background or surroundings
The white lighthouse stood out in sharp relief against the dark grey sky.
那座白色燈塔在深灰色的天空襯托下顯得格外突出。
in sharp relief against (visual contrast)
Lakan's orange backpack was in vivid relief against the green forest path.
Lakan 的橙色背包在綠色森林小徑的對比下十分顯眼。
in vivid relief against
The problem of school funding came into stark relief when the budget cuts were announced.
預算削減的消息公布後,學校經費的問題變得格外突出。
Dark letters carved in relief against the pale stone made the name easy to read.
石碑上凸起的深色刻字在淺色石面的襯托下,讓人一眼就能辨認。
The differences between the two plans were thrown into relief by the new teacher's report.
那位新老師的報告使得兩套計畫的差異格外明顯。
- contrast
straightforward; 'in contrast to' is more common in everyday speech
- prominence
emphasises the state of being noticeable rather than the cause
文法句型
in + adjective + relief + against + background
stand out / come into / throw into + relief
用法筆記
Can be used literally (visual contrast) or figuratively (a problem or difference becoming obvious). Frequently appears in fixed phrases: in sharp/clear/stark/strong relief. The figurative use ('the issue came into stark relief') is very common in news and academic writing.
常見錯誤
relief — 形容詞
1. describes a person, thing, or service that gives help, support, or a reduction o
救援的
提供救援或減輕負擔的
describes a person, thing, or service that gives help, support, or a reduction of difficulty or burden
The relief workers brought food and water to the village after the flood.
洪水過後,救援人員將食物和飲水送到村莊。
collocation: relief workers
Min pitched three perfect innings as a relief pitcher for the Tigers.
Min 以救援投手身分為老虎隊投了三局完美的比賽。
collocation: relief pitcher
Ezra showed his class a relief map of the mountain range.
Ezra 向全班同學展示了一張山脈的立體地圖。
The new relief road cut travel time across the city by nearly half.
新開闢的疏導道路將穿越市區的行車時間縮短了近一半。
Lakshmi volunteered for a relief organisation helping families find housing.
Lakshmi 加入了一個幫助家庭尋找住處的救援組織。
- emergency
overlaps in contexts like emergency/relief response, but emergency suggests urgency while relief focuses on ongoing assistance
- auxiliary
more formal; used for supplementary systems (auxiliary road vs. relief road), but lacks the connotation of reducing burden
- substitute
used when one person replaces another (substitute pitcher vs. relief pitcher), though substitute is broader and less tied to aid
- humanitarian
limited to aid contexts (humanitarian aid vs. relief aid); does not cover sports, maps, or traffic uses
用法筆記
Always placed before a noun. Forms common compound nouns such as relief worker, relief pitcher, relief map, and relief road.