replicate
replicate — 動詞
1. To do or create something a second time in a way that is identical to the first
複製；重現
完全按照原樣重新製作出來
To do or create something a second time in a way that is identical to the first version, for instance when checking a scientific finding or repeating a piece of work.
The research team tried to [[replicate]] the earlier findings using a different group of participants.
研究團隊嘗試用不同的參與者群體來複製先前的發現。
replicate + noun phrase for validation
Ryo [[replicated]] the experiment three times before he felt confident about the data.
Ryo 重複做了三次實驗，才對數據感到有信心。
replicate + frequency adverbial
The design software lets you [[replicate]] a pattern across the whole image with one click.
這款設計軟體讓你可以一鍵將圖案複製到整張圖片上。
Tara tried to [[replicate]] her grandmother's soup recipe, but the taste was never quite the same.
Tara 試圖重現祖母的湯品食譜，但味道總是差了一點。
- duplicate
Stronger emphasis on producing an identical copy; more formal and technical than replicate
- reproduce
Can mean an exact or approximate copy; also has biological meanings that replicate does not
- copy
More informal; often implies imitation rather than scientific exactness
- repeat
Focuses on doing something again, not necessarily producing an identical outcome
文法句型
replicate + noun phrase
replicate + wh-clause
用法筆記
Commonly used in academic and scientific writing to describe checking whether a previous finding can be obtained again. The object is usually a result, finding, study, experiment, or procedure.
常見錯誤
2. To make more of itself through an automatic process, said of a living cell, a vi
自我複製
生物體或遺傳物質產生自身拷貝
To make more of itself through an automatic process, said of a living cell, a virus, or a strand of DNA that creates matching copies of its own structure.
The virus can [[replicate]] inside human cells within a few hours of infection.
這種病毒可以在感染後的幾小時內在人體細胞內自我複製。
intransitive: virus/cell + replicate + location adverbial
During the experiment, the bacteria [[replicated]] rapidly in the warm nutrient solution.
在實驗過程中，細菌在溫暖的營養液中迅速複製。
intransitive + adverb of speed
Nadia watched the algae cells [[replicate]] by dividing in half under her microscope.
Nadia 透過顯微鏡觀察藻類細胞一分為二地自我複製。
DNA must [[replicate]] accurately before a cell can divide into two new cells.
DNA 必須準確地複製，細胞才能分裂成兩個新的細胞。
- degrade
To break down rather than copy; often used for DNA or proteins
文法句型
cell/virus/DNA + replicate
replicate + inside/in/within + location
用法筆記
Almost always intransitive — the subject is the thing that copies itself. For passive constructions (e.g., 'the gene is replicated'), the transitive form of sense 1 is used instead.
常見錯誤
replicate — 形容詞
1. Happening more than once in exactly the same form or appearing as multiple ident
重複的；反覆
以相同形式多次發生的
Happening more than once in exactly the same form or appearing as multiple identical copies.
The patient showed [[replicate]] episodes of the same symptoms over several months.
那名病人在幾個月內反覆出現相同的症狀。
adjective: replicate + noun (episodes/patterns)
Archaeologists found [[replicate]] designs carved into stone pillars across the entire region.
考古學家在整個區域的石柱上發現了重複的雕刻圖案。
The survey produced [[replicate]] measurements from each location to confirm the data.
這項調查從每個地點取得重複的測量數據以確認結果。
Beatriz noticed [[replicate]] carvings on each of the wooden panels in the old temple.
Beatriz 注意到那座古老寺廟的每塊木板上都有重複的雕刻圖案。
文法句型
replicate + noun
用法筆記
This is a formal, somewhat technical use found mainly in scientific writing and academic prose. An attributive adjective — it always comes directly before the noun it modifies.
常見錯誤
replicate — 名詞
1. A single item from a group of experiments or samples that are all the same, used
複製樣本
用於驗證結果的相同實驗或樣本
A single item from a group of experiments or samples that are all the same, used in research to confirm that the original result was not due to chance.
Each [[replicate]] in the experiment gave nearly the same numerical result, which confirmed the hypothesis.
實驗中的每個複製樣本都得出幾乎相同的數值結果，證實了假設。
noun: each replicate + in + noun phrase
The lab prepared three [[replicates]] of the soil sample to check that the measurements were accurate.
實驗室準備了三份土壤樣本的複製樣本，以檢查測量是否準確。
Using multiple [[replicates]] in the study helped the team rule out random errors in their data.
研究中使用了多個複製樣本，幫助團隊排除數據中的隨機誤差。
Otis ran three [[replicates]] of the gene test to confirm that no contamination had occurred.
Otis 跑了三組基因測試的複製樣本，以確認沒有發生汙染。
- duplicate
One of two identical items; more general than replicate
- sample
A single specimen; does not imply that others are identical
- repetition
A repeated run of an experiment; less precise about identicalness
文法句型
a replicate
three replicates
each replicate
用法筆記
Plural form replicates is very common in scientific papers. Biologists distinguish between biological replicates (samples from different organisms) and technical replicates (repeated measurements of the same sample).