sample
sample — 形容詞
1. used to describe something that is taken from a larger group to show what the wh
示範；樣品
從整體中取來展示或測試用的
used to describe something that is taken from a larger group to show what the whole group or category is like
The store offered sample bottles of the new perfume for customers to try at home.
這家店提供新款香水的樣品瓶，讓顧客在家試用。
sample + noun (attributive use)
Ziad looked at a sample chapter online before deciding to buy the textbook.
Ziad 在決定買教科書之前，先在網路上看了其中一個示範章節。
The teacher handed out sample questions to help the class prepare for the exam.
老師發了示範考題，幫助學生準備考試。
A sample copy of the report was sent to the manager for review.
一份報告的樣本被寄給經理審閱。
The software company offers a sample version of its program for free download.
這家軟體公司提供程式的試用版供免費下載。
- trial
often implies a limited, introductory version; 'trial size' = smaller than a 'sample size'
- demonstration
focuses on showing how something works rather than just representing it
文法句型
sample + noun
用法筆記
Attributive only — this sense always appears before a noun (sample chapter, sample size, sample question). Unlike the noun form, it cannot be used predicatively.
常見錯誤
sample — 名詞
1. a tiny portion of a product or substance that businesses give or show to people,
樣品；試用品
供試用或展示的少量產品
a tiny portion of a product or substance that businesses give or show to people, allowing them to see what the full-sized version is like before buying or using it
The perfume shop gave Nadia a free sample to try before buying the full bottle.
香水店送了 Nadia 一份免費試用品，讓她可以在購買整瓶之前先試用。
sample of [product]; free sample
Haruto tried a small sample of the cheese before deciding to order a whole wheel.
Haruto 先試吃了一小塊乳酪樣品，然後才決定訂購一整輪。
The magazine arrived with a sample of the new face cream attached to the cover.
雜誌附贈了一包新面霜的試用品，黏在封面頁上。
Visitors to the market were offered free samples of fresh bread and olive oil.
逛市集的民眾可以免費試吃新鮮的麵包和橄欖油。
The decorator brought sample pots of paint for the owners to see.
裝潢師傅帶了幾罐樣品油漆給屋主看效果。
文法句型
sample of + noun
用法筆記
Often used in retail contexts. Free samples are small amounts given at no cost to encourage people to buy the full product.
常見錯誤
2. a tiny portion of blood, urine, tissue, or other material that is taken from a p
檢體；標本
從人體或環境採集供檢驗的物質
a tiny portion of blood, urine, tissue, or other material that is taken from a person, animal, or environment so it can be tested in a laboratory
The nurse took a blood sample from Charlotte's arm and sent it to the lab.
護理師從 Charlotte 的手臂抽了血樣，送到檢驗室去。
blood sample — medical collocation
Adisa collected water samples from three different points along the river for the pollution study.
Adisa 沿河的三個不同地點採集了水樣，以便進行汙染研究。
The doctor asked for a urine sample to check for signs of infection.
醫生要求提供尿液檢體，以檢查是否有感染跡象。
Soil samples from the farmland were tested for levels of lead and other metals.
從農田採集的土壤樣本被送往檢驗，以測定鉛和其他金屬的含量。
Vikram wore gloves while handling the tissue sample to avoid contamination.
Vikram 戴著手套處理組織樣本，以避免受到汙染。
文法句型
[body fluid/tissue] sample
用法筆記
Common in medical and environmental contexts. The sample is usually analysed in a laboratory. In medical settings, 'specimen' is often used interchangeably but sounds more clinical.
常見錯誤
3. a selection of people or items picked from a wider population to participate in
樣本；抽樣
從大群體中選出參與調查的代表
a selection of people or items picked from a wider population to participate in research, an opinion poll, or an experiment, so that what is learned can be applied to the whole
The study surveyed a sample of 500 students from high schools across the country.
這項研究調查了來自全國高中的 500 名學生樣本。
sample of [number] [people] — typical survey phrasing
Vikram's research included a sample of both teachers and parents to compare their views.
Vikram 的研究樣本同時包含教師和家長，以便比較他們的觀點。
A random sample of city households was chosen to test the new recycling program.
該市隨機抽樣選出了一些家庭，來測試新的回收計畫。
The poll used a representative sample of adults aged 18 to 65 from five different regions.
這份民調使用了來自五個不同地區、年齡介於 18 至 65 歲的成年人代表性樣本。
For the experiment, the scientists selected a sample of fifty plants from the same species.
在實驗中，科學家選取了同一物種的 50 株植物作為樣本。
- cross-section
emphasises that the group includes a variety of different types of people
- sampling
refers to the process of selecting a sample, not the group itself
- population
the entire group that the sample is taken from
文法句型
sample of + plural noun
用法筆記
In academic and statistical writing, a sample must be carefully chosen to represent the larger population. Common methods include random sampling and stratified sampling. The results from a sample are called 'sample data'.
常見錯誤
4. a short recorded piece of music or sound taken from an existing song and used as
取樣片段
從舊曲截取用於新創作的短錄音
a short recorded piece of music or sound taken from an existing song and used as part of a new musical composition or recording
The drummer's new track uses a sample from an old jazz record recorded in 1962.
鼓手的新曲使用了 1962 年錄製的一首老爵士樂的取樣片段。
sample from [source]
Élise created her beat by looping a vocal sample taken from a classic soul song.
Élise 將一段經典靈魂歌曲的人聲取樣片段做成循環，創作出自己的節拍。
The producer cleared the rights to use a sample of the original guitar riff.
製作人付費取得了使用原始吉他即興段落取樣片段的權利。
Many hip-hop songs build their beats around short samples from older funk records.
許多嘻哈歌曲的節拍都是從老放克唱片中截取短暫取樣片段建構而成。
The band removed a sample from their album because they could not get permission.
這個樂團從專輯中移除了一段取樣片段，因為他們無法取得使用許可。
文法句型
sample from + noun
sample of + noun
用法筆記
Using a sample from a copyrighted song without permission is illegal. Producers must 'clear' samples by obtaining a license from the copyright holder.
常見錯誤
sample — 動詞
1. to put a tiny amount of something edible into your mouth to test its flavour bef
品嚐；試吃
少量進食以測試味道
to put a tiny amount of something edible into your mouth to test its flavour before deciding whether to have more
Walid sampled the soup to see if it needed more salt before serving it.
Walid 先嚐了一口湯，看看要不要加更多鹽再端上桌。
sample + [food/drink] to test flavour
Visitors can sample different kinds of tea at the shop before buying any.
顧客可以在購買之前在店裡先試喝不同種類的茶。
The chef asked the staff to sample the sauce and tell her what they thought.
主廚請員工試吃醬汁，並告訴她他們的看法。
Nadia sampled three different kinds of cheese at the market stall.
Nadia 在市場攤位試吃了三種不同的乳酪。
Before buying the wine, Hamza sampled a small glass to check its taste.
在買這瓶酒之前，Hamza 先倒了一小杯試喝以確認味道。
文法句型
sample + noun (food/drink)
用法筆記
Often used in retail or hospitality contexts where customers try products. More specific than 'taste' — 'sample' implies the purpose is to evaluate a small portion before purchasing.
常見錯誤
2. to try a new activity, place, or way of living for a short period in order to fi
體驗
初次嘗試新活動或感受新環境
to try a new activity, place, or way of living for a short period in order to find out what it feels like
Gabriela decided to sample life in a small mountain town for a month.
Gabriela 決定到一個山間小鎮住一個月，體驗當地的生活。
sample + life in [place]
The group sampled several different sports during their week at the summer camp.
這群人在夏令營的一週內體驗了好幾種不同的運動。
Charlotte sampled the local nightlife by visiting bars and clubs in the old quarter.
Charlotte 去了舊城區的酒吧和夜店，體驗當地的夜生活。
Students can sample different courses in their first year before choosing a major subject.
學生可以在第一年先體驗不同的課程，之後再選擇主修科目。
Eve sampled the local culture by taking cooking classes and visiting museums.
Eve 透過上烹飪課和參觀博物館來體驗當地文化。
- experience
broader; can describe any encounter, not necessarily a short trial
- try out
more informal; often used for testing a skill or activity
文法句型
sample + noun (activity/place/life)
用法筆記
This sense is metaphorical — it extends the idea of tasting food to experiencing a new situation. The experience is usually brief and exploratory. Common objects: 'life', 'culture', 'nightlife', 'cuisine', 'activities'.
常見錯誤
3. to take a short piece of music or sound from an existing recording and incorpora
取樣
擷取舊錄音片段用於新創作
to take a short piece of music or sound from an existing recording and incorporate it into a new musical work
Eli sampled a horn section from a classic funk song for his new track.
Eli 從一首經典放克歌曲中取樣了一段銅管樂部分，用在他的新曲裡。
sample [element] from [source song]
Hamza sampled an old blues guitar riff and turned it into a modern electronic beat.
Hamza 取樣了一段老藍調吉他的即興段落，把它變成了現代的電子節拍。
The producer was sued because he sampled a famous melody without asking for permission first.
那位製作人因為未經許可就取樣了一段知名旋律而遭到起訴。
Many modern pop songs sample drum breaks from records made in the 1970s.
許多現代流行歌曲都會從 1970 年代的唱片中取樣爵士鼓的過門段落。
Ziad learned how to sample vinyl records using a computer and a turntable.
Ziad 學會了如何用電腦和黑膠唱盤來取樣黑膠唱片中的聲音。
文法句型
sample + noun (musical element) + from + noun (source)
用法筆記
Most common in electronic music, hip-hop, and pop production. Legal permission (clearance) is required to use a sample from a commercially released recording.
常見錯誤
4. to collect a small quantity of a solid, liquid, or gas from a larger body or are
採樣
從整體中採集少量供檢驗研究
to collect a small quantity of a solid, liquid, or gas from a larger body or area in order to test or study its properties
The research team sampled the soil at ten different spots around the old factory site.
研究團隊在老工廠遺址周圍的十個不同地點採集了土壤樣本。
sample [substance] at [locations]
Technicians sampled the air quality inside the factory building every hour during the test.
技術人員在測試期間每個小時採樣檢查工廠建築內的空氣品質。
Vikram sampled the water from the lake to measure the level of pollution.
Vikram 從湖中採集了水樣，以測量汙染的程度。
Workers sampled the bridge concrete to check if it was strong enough for traffic.
工人從橋梁上採樣了混凝土，以檢測其強度是否足以承受交通負荷。
The geologists sampled rocks from the mountain to study their mineral content.
地質學家從山上採集了岩石樣本，研究其礦物成分。
文法句型
sample + noun (material/environment)
用法筆記
Common in scientific research and quality control. The purpose is always analysis — finding out the chemical, physical, or biological properties of the material.