responder
responder — 名詞
1. a person whose job is to provide help in dangerous or emergency situations, such
救援人員
在緊急事故中提供協助的專業人員
a person whose job is to provide help in dangerous or emergency situations, such as a police officer, firefighter, or paramedic — for example, the personnel who arrive at the scene of a car accident, a fire, or a natural disaster.
When the apartment building caught fire, over forty responders arrived within minutes.
公寓大樓起火時，四十多名救援人員在幾分鐘內趕到。
quantifier + plural 'responders' for a team
Christopher works as a first responder for the Chicago fire department.
Christopher 在芝加哥消防局擔任第一線急救人員。
compound: first responder
Emergency responders helped families escape from the flooded streets before sunrise.
緊急救援人員在日出前幫助居民撤離淹水的街道。
Arjun trains new responders how to stay calm during dangerous rescue missions.
Arjun 培訓新進急救人員如何在危險的救援任務中保持冷靜。
The hospital needs more trained responders for natural disasters like earthquakes.
醫院需要更多受過訓練的急救人員來因應地震等天然災害。
- first responder
more specific — refers to the first trained professionals arriving at the scene (police, paramedics, firefighters)
- rescue worker
broader — can include volunteers and search teams, not necessarily the first to arrive
- emergency worker
nearly synonymous but slightly more general; includes hospital emergency room staff who may not go to the scene
文法句型
first responder
emergency responder + verb (arrive / help / rescue)
responder + at / on + [location]
用法筆記
Often used in the compound noun 'first responder', which describes a person with special training who is among the first people to arrive at an accident or emergency. The plural 'responders' is very common when referring to organised response teams (police, fire, medical services working together).
常見錯誤
2. a person who gives an answer, reply, or reaction to a question, message, or situ
回應者
針對問題、訊息等做出回答的人
a person who gives an answer, reply, or reaction to a question, message, or situation — someone who responds verbally or in writing.
I sent a message to the group chat, but only one responder replied so far.
我在群組聊天中發了訊息，但目前只有一名回應者回覆。
Camila posted a question in the online forum, and three responders replied within five minutes.
Camila 在線上論壇提出了一個問題，五分鐘內就有三名回應者回覆。
scenario: forum posting with multiple responders in a reply context
Eve is always a quick responder when her colleagues send her urgent emails.
Eve 收到同事的緊急郵件時，總是很快就回覆。
The talk-show host asked a difficult question and waited for a responder in the audience.
談話節目主持人提出了一個困難的問題，並等待觀眾中的回應者。
A slow responder can cause delays in a fast-moving project like software development.
在軟體開發等步調快速的專案中，回覆慢的員工可能造成延誤。
- respondent
more formal; preferred in legal, research, and official contexts
- answerer
very rare in modern English; use 'responder' or 'respondent' instead
- replier
informal and less common; 'responder' is the standard choice
文法句型
responder + to + [question / message / email]
adjective + responder (quick / slow / first)
用法筆記
Less formal than 'respondent'. This sense is common in everyday workplace communication (emails, meetings, chat groups). The pattern 'first responder to + [question/topic]' is particularly frequent in meeting contexts but is distinct from the compound 'first responder' in sense 1.
常見錯誤
3. a person who answers questions in a survey, questionnaire, or research study — s
受訪者
在問卷或研究中回答問題的人
a person who answers questions in a survey, questionnaire, or research study — someone whose responses are collected and analysed by researchers.
The survey had over two thousand responders, most of whom were university students.
這項調查有超過兩千名受訪者，其中大部分是大學生。
quantifier + survey + responders
Each responder in the study answered a set of questions about their daily eating habits.
這項研究中的每位受訪者回答了一組關於日常飲食習慣的問題。
pattern: responder + in + [study]
Trang was one of the responders selected for a follow-up interview by the research team.
Trang 是被研究團隊選中接受後續訪談的受訪者之一。
Researchers promised each responder that their answers would remain completely private.
研究人員向每位受訪者保證，他們的回答將完全保密。
After only forty residents responded to the city's housing survey, the low number of responders made the results unreliable.
只有四十位居民回應了市政府的住宅調查，受訪者人數過少使結果不可靠。
- respondent
the standard formal term in social science research and legal contexts
- participant
broader — includes people who take part in experiments, not just surveys
- interviewee
specific to face-to-face or telephone interview settings
文法句型
survey responder
responder + in + [study / survey / poll]
responder + to + [questionnaire]
用法筆記
In formal research writing, 'respondent' is more common than 'responder'. However, 'responder' appears frequently in spoken research contexts, data reports, and informal academic discussion. The preposition 'in' (not 'of') is used: 'responders in the study'.
常見錯誤
4. a patient whose medical condition improves as a result of a specific treatment,
有反應者
對治療產生正面療效的病人
a patient whose medical condition improves as a result of a specific treatment, drug, or therapy — for example, a cancer patient whose tumour shrinks after chemotherapy, or a person whose blood pressure drops after taking medication.
About sixty percent of patients were good responders to the new cancer drug.
大約六成的患者對這種新的抗癌藥物出現治療反應。
pattern: good/poor responder + to + [treatment]
Doctors classified Henry as a responder because his symptoms improved after six weeks of treatment.
醫師判定 Henry 為有反應者，因為他的症狀在治療六週後有所改善。
verb: classify + as + a responder
The lung cancer trial compared responders and non-responders to find out why the new drug worked for some patients.
這項肺癌試驗比較了有反應者和無反應者，以找出新藥對某些患者有效的原因。
Benjamin improved only slightly after eight weeks on antidepressants, so doctors classed him as a slow responder.
Benjamin 服用抗憂鬱藥物八週後僅有輕微改善，醫師因此將他歸類為反應較慢的患者。
In the diabetes trial, scientists examined blood markers to predict which patients would be responders to the new drug.
在這項糖尿病試驗中，科學家檢驗血液標記，以預測哪些患者對新藥會有反應。
- respondent
not used in this medical sense; 'respondent' is legal/research, not clinical
- good responder
specifies that the response was strong or complete
- partial responder
indicates that improvement was present but limited
- non-responder
a patient who does not improve with the given treatment
文法句型
responder + to + [treatment / drug / therapy]
good responder / poor responder
用法筆記
Primarily used in medical research and clinical contexts. The term is often paired with its opposite 'non-responder'. The preposition 'to' is required before the treatment: 'a responder to the vaccine'. In everyday hospital conversation, doctors may say 'he responded well' rather than 'he was a responder'.