ruling
ruling — 形容詞
1. currently in charge of a country, organization, or other group, and responsible
執政的
掌握權力並主導決策的
currently in charge of a country, organization, or other group, and responsible for making the main decisions about how it operates.
The ruling party has promised to build more schools across the region.
執政黨承諾在該地區增建更多學校。
attributive use: ruling + party / government / group
Several newspaper articles criticised the ruling class for ignoring the needs of the poor.
多家報紙文章批評統治階級忽視窮人的需求。
The ruling council voted to increase the city's budget for public transport.
執政委員會投票決定增加該市的大眾運輸預算。
Under the ruling dynasty the country enjoyed a long period of peace.
在那個統治王朝之下，該國經歷了一段長期的和平。
- governing
very similar in meaning; 'governing' can also be used after linking verbs (e.g. 'the party in government')
- incumbent
more formal, refers specifically to the current office holder; 'the incumbent president' vs 'the ruling party'
- dominant
broader — can describe social or cultural influence, not just political control
- opposition
refers to political parties not in power; 'the opposition party'
文法句型
ruling + noun
用法筆記
Only used before a noun (attributive position). Cannot be used after a linking verb: ❌ 'The party is ruling.' ✅ 'The ruling party.'
常見錯誤
ruling — 名詞
1. an official statement or decision from a judge, a court, or any other person or
裁決；裁定
法院或權威機構做出的正式決定
an official statement or decision from a judge, a court, or any other person or group with the power to settle a dispute or decide an issue.
The judge's ruling on the case was announced early this morning.
法官對此案的裁決於今早宣布。
ruling + on + [issue/topic]
Lotte plans to appeal the court's ruling because she believes the decision was unfair.
Lotte 計劃對法院的裁決提出上訴，因為她認為判決不公。
The Supreme Court issued a ruling that all citizens have the right to vote.
最高法院做出裁決，認為所有公民都有投票權。
A higher court later overturned the ruling, and the company was allowed to continue operating.
後來上級法院推翻該裁決，該公司獲准繼續營運。
文法句型
ruling on [issue]
ruling that [clause]
make / issue / uphold / overturn a ruling
用法筆記
This sense can apply to any official body — not only courts but also committees, referees, or regulatory agencies. When the context is clear, 'ruling' alone often means a court decision.
常見錯誤
2. the written explanation and legal arguments that a judge provides to support and
判決理由
構成判決基礎的法律論證
the written explanation and legal arguments that a judge provides to support and justify a court's decision.
The ruling clearly explains why the judge decided in favour of the tenants.
判決理由清楚說明法官為何做出對承租方有利的決定。
Law students studied the court's ruling to understand how the judge interpreted the contract.
法律系學生研讀法院的判決理由，以了解法官如何解釋該合約。
studied / analysed / examined the ruling
Beatrix quoted several passages from the ruling to support her argument.
Beatrix 引用判決理由中的數段文字來支持她的論點。
The ruling drew on two earlier Supreme Court decisions to build its legal logic.
這份判決理由參考了最高法院之前的兩項判決來建立其法律邏輯。
文法句型
the ruling of the court
the court's ruling
用法筆記
In legal contexts, the word 'ruling' can refer both to the decision itself (sense 1) and to the written reasoning behind it (sense 2). When the focus is on why a decision was reached — the legal logic and analysis — this sense is intended. Distinguish from sense 1 by noting whether the text describes the outcome (sense 1) or the explanation of that outcome (sense 2).