serum
serum — 名詞
1. The clear, pale-yellow liquid part of blood that stays after the blood clots and
血清
血液凝固後分離出的淡黃色液體
The clear, pale-yellow liquid part of blood that stays after the blood clots and all the solid cells and clotting agents are taken out.
The lab technician separated the serum from the blood sample for further testing.
實驗室技術員將血清從血液樣本中分離出來進行檢測。
passive: separated from blood for analysis
Doctors check the level of vitamin D in a patient's blood serum to diagnose deficiencies.
醫生檢查病人血清中的維生素D含量，以診斷是否有缺乏的情形。
check level of [substance] in blood serum
After the clot formed, only the clear serum remained at the top.
血液凝固後，只剩下清澈的血清浮在上層。
The hospital stored the serum samples in a refrigerated cabinet to keep them stable.
醫院將血清樣本存放在冷藏櫃中，以保持其穩定。
A small amount of serum was drawn from Maja's blood to check for food allergies.
從 Maja 的血液中抽取了少量血清，以檢查是否有食物過敏。
- plasma
plasma is the liquid part of blood before clotting factors are removed; serum is plasma without those factors.
文法句型
serum of [blood/sample]
in/from the serum
用法筆記
Often used in expressions that describe medical tests measuring the amount of a substance in the blood, such as 'serum iron' or 'serum cholesterol'.
常見錯誤
2. A medical preparation taken from an immunised animal or person whose body has bu
免疫血清
用於對抗感染或毒素的血液製劑
A medical preparation taken from an immunised animal or person whose body has built protection against a disease, given to someone else to help them fight that disease or a poison.
After the snake bit his leg, the hospital gave Brian a dose of antivenom serum.
Brian 被蛇咬到腿後，醫院為他注射了一劑抗蛇毒血清。
serum against poison (antivenom)
Doctors injected the patient with a serum to stop the infection from spreading further.
醫生為病人注射血清，以防止感染繼續擴散。
passive: injected with a serum
Scientists in the laboratory developed a new serum to fight the emerging virus.
實驗室裡的科學家研發出一種新的血清，以對抗新出現的病毒。
Hamza received a serum that contained antibodies against the bacterial infection.
Hamza 注射了一劑含有抗細菌抗體的血清。
文法句型
serum against [disease/poison]
inject/give [someone] a serum
用法筆記
Differs from a vaccine: a serum contains ready-made antibodies from another person or animal, while a vaccine stimulates your own body to make antibodies.
常見錯誤
3. A thick liquid cosmetic product that packs a high amount of active ingredients a
精華液；精華
用於改善膚質或髮質的濃縮護膚產品
A thick liquid cosmetic product that packs a high amount of active ingredients and aims to boost the quality or appearance of the skin or hair.
Mizuki applies a vitamin C serum to her face every morning before putting on cream.
Mizuki 每天早上在臉上塗抹維生素C精華液，然後再擦乳霜。
apply [type] serum to [body part]
This hair serum repairs split ends and adds shine without making hair greasy.
這款髮用精華能修復分岔、增加光澤，而且不油膩。
hair serum — specific product category
The sales assistant recommended a hydrating serum for dry and tired-looking skin.
銷售人員為乾燥暗沉的肌膚推薦了一款保濕精華液。
A few drops of the serum were enough to cover her whole face.
只需幾滴精華液就足以塗滿她的整張臉。
Ritu bought a serum with hyaluronic acid to help keep her skin soft during winter.
Ritu 買了一瓶含玻尿酸的精華液，幫助皮膚在冬天保持柔嫩。
- essence
in skincare, 'essence' is typically lighter and more watery than a serum; serums are more concentrated.
- concentrate
a marketing term that overlaps with serum but can also refer to thicker treatments.
文法句型
[adjective] serum
apply serum to [area]
serum for [hair/skin]
用法筆記
Beauty serums are more concentrated than regular moisturisers or lotions. They are usually sold in small bottles with a dropper and applied in small amounts.
常見錯誤
4. A thin, watery liquid produced naturally in certain body tissues, such as the cl
組織液；漿液
組織中產生的稀薄液體（如水泡液）
A thin, watery liquid produced naturally in certain body tissues, such as the clear fluid that fills a skin blister or lubricates the space around internal organs.
The blister on Esme's heel was filled with clear serum that protected the new skin.
Esme 腳後跟的水泡裡充滿了清澈的組織液，保護了底下的新生皮膚。
serum filling a blister
Serum collected around the surgical wound during the healing process.
手術傷口周圍滲出組織液，這是癒合過程中的正常現象。
The doctor explained that the swelling was caused by serum building up in the tissue.
醫生解釋說，腫脹是因為組織液在組織中積聚所造成的。
Jabari noticed a watery serum leaking from the small cut on his finger.
Jabari 注意到手指上的小傷口滲出稀薄的組織液。
- serous fluid
the more technical medical term; 'serum' in this sense is a shorter form used in clinical settings.
- lymph
lymph is a similar fluid but circulates through the lymphatic system; serum in tissues is not part of that system.
文法句型
serum in [body part/tissue]
用法筆記
In medical contexts this overlaps with 'serous fluid'. It is thinner than pus and does not contain the same infection-fighting white blood cells.
serum — 形容詞
1. Existing in, found in, or related to the clear, pale-yellow liquid part of the b
血清的
存在於或與血液血清有關的
Existing in, found in, or related to the clear, pale-yellow liquid part of the blood that remains after clotting.
The test measures the serum cholesterol level to assess the risk of heart disease.
這項檢查測量血清膽固醇濃度，以評估心臟疾病的風險。
collocation: serum cholesterol level
Abnormal serum protein levels can be a sign of certain immune system disorders.
血清蛋白異常可能是某些免疫系統疾病的徵兆。
collocation: serum protein levels
Doctors monitor serum potassium carefully in patients with kidney problems.
醫生密切監測腎臟病患者的血清鉀濃度。
A serum sodium test showed that Pim was mildly dehydrated after the long run.
血清鈉檢驗結果顯示，Pim 在長跑後有輕微脫水的情形。
- blood-serum
the hyphenated form is rarely used; 'serum' alone as an attributive adjective is the standard form.
文法句型
serum + noun (serum protein / serum level / serum test)
用法筆記
This adjective is only used before a noun. It appears mostly in medical reports and laboratory contexts, paired with words like 'level', 'concentration', 'protein', and 'test'.