sheriff
sheriff — 名詞
1. a person elected by county residents in the US to serve as the main law enforcem
警長
美國郡級民選執法官員
a person elected by county residents in the US to serve as the main law enforcement officer, responsible for carrying out court orders and keeping peace in the area
The sheriff ordered all residents near the river to leave before the flood arrived.
警長下令河邊的所有居民在洪水來臨前撤離。
sheriff + ordered + evacuation
Imani's uncle served as a sheriff's deputy in Arizona for nearly twenty years.
Imani 的叔叔在亞利桑那州擔任警長副手將近二十年。
possessive: sheriff's deputy
Residents elected a new sheriff after the previous one decided not to run again.
居民選出了新警長，因為前任決定不再競選連任。
The county sheriff works closely with state police and local officers to reduce crime.
這位郡警長與州警及地方警察密切合作，以減少犯罪。
Hamza reported the missing bicycle to the sheriff's office the same afternoon.
Hamza 在同一天下午向警長辦公室報案說腳踏車不見了。
- marshal
a federal law officer in the US or a town-level law officer in some areas; has a different jurisdiction and is not always elected
- police chief
the appointed head of a city police force; unlike a sheriff, a police chief is not elected by the public
- constable
in some US states, a minor law officer with limited duties; historically a more common term in rural areas
文法句型
sheriff + verb
sheriff's + noun
the county + sheriff
用法筆記
In the US, a sheriff is elected by county voters and serves a county area, whereas a police chief is appointed by a city government. The sheriff's office often manages the county jail and provides court security. Common in news reports about crime, emergencies, and public safety.
常見錯誤
2. a person chosen to act as the monarch's ceremonial representative in an English
名譽郡長
英格蘭及威爾士郡級儀式性代表
a person chosen to act as the monarch's ceremonial representative in an English or Welsh county, attending official events and greeting important visitors rather than enforcing the law
The High Sheriff of Surrey presented the prizes at the annual school ceremony.
薩里郡的名譽郡長在年度學校典禮上頒發獎項。
collocation: High Sheriff of [county]
Vivek's mother served as High Sheriff for Greater London in 2022.
Vivek 的母親在 2022 年擔任大倫敦地區的名譽郡長。
serve as High Sheriff
The sheriff attended the royal garden party as the queen's representative in the county.
這位名譽郡長以女王在該郡的代表身分參加了皇家花園派對。
Each year a new High Sheriff is appointed to perform ceremonial duties in the county.
每年都會任命一位新的名譽郡長，在郡內執行儀式性職責。
- lord lieutenant
the king or queen's personal representative in a county; a higher-ranking ceremonial role than High Sheriff
- ceremonial officer
a general term for someone who performs official duties at public events without law enforcement responsibilities
文法句型
High Sheriff + of + county
the + (High) sheriff + verb
用法筆記
Often called the 'High Sheriff'. This role is almost entirely ceremonial and carries no law enforcement authority, unlike the US sheriff. The position rotates annually and is considered a civic honour. Do not confuse this sense with sense 1.
常見錯誤
3. the most senior judge in a Scottish county, who presides over the Sheriff Court
郡法官
蘇格蘭郡級最高法官
the most senior judge in a Scottish county, who presides over the Sheriff Court and deals with both criminal and civil legal cases
The sheriff sentenced the man to eighteen months in prison for theft.
這位郡法官判處該男子十八個月有期徒刑，罪名是盜竊。
Noa argued her case before the sheriff at the Edinburgh Sheriff Court.
Noa 在愛丁堡郡法院向郡法官陳述她的案件。
collocation: Sheriff Court
Scottish sheriffs must have extensive legal training before they can serve as judges.
蘇格蘭的郡法官必須接受廣泛的法律培訓，才能擔任法官職務。
The sheriff principal oversees all sheriffs in a Scottish region and handles appeals.
首席郡法官負責監督蘇格蘭某個區域內的所有郡法官，並處理上訴案件。
- judge
a general term for a court official who decides legal cases; less specific than sheriff in the Scottish legal system
- magistrate
a lower-level judge in some legal systems; in Scotland, a magistrate handles minor cases in Justice of the Peace courts, whereas a sheriff handles more serious cases
文法句型
the + sheriff + verb
sheriff + of + county
用法筆記
Distinct from the US sheriff, which is a law enforcement role. In Scotland, a sheriff is a legally trained judge who works in the Sheriff Court — the main court for criminal and civil cases. The 'sheriff principal' is a more senior judge who manages a region's sheriffs and hears appeals.