spike
spike — 名詞
1. a thin, sharply pointed object made of a hard substance such as iron or steel, o
尖刺；尖頭物
一端尖銳的金屬或木質細長物
a thin, sharply pointed object made of a hard substance such as iron or steel, often attached along the upper edge of gates and fences to stop people from climbing over
The old iron gate had sharp spikes along the top to stop people climbing over.
那座舊鐵門的頂端裝有尖銳的金屬尖刺，防止有人爬過去。
collocation: iron spikes / sharp spikes
Nikhil cut his hand on a metal spike sticking out of the broken fence.
Nikhil 的手被一根突出破籬笆的金屬尖刺割傷了。
collocation: metal spike
A row of stone spikes lined the edge of the old castle wall.
一排石頭尖刺排列在古城牆的邊緣。
The workers wore thick gloves to protect themselves from the sharp metal spikes on the bars.
工人們戴著厚手套，保護自己不被鋼筋上的尖銳金屬刺傷。
用法筆記
Often used of protective or decorative pointed elements on gates, fences, railings, and walls.
2. a type of shoe used in sports, with short pointed studs on the bottom surface th
釘鞋
鞋底有金屬短釘的運動鞋
a type of shoe used in sports, with short pointed studs on the bottom surface that help the athlete keep a firm footing on the ground
The runners put on their spikes before stepping onto the track for the final race.
跑者們在踏上跑道參加決賽前，穿上了他們的釘鞋。
plural form: spikes
Salma bought a new pair of running spikes for the cross-country competition.
Salma 為越野賽跑比賽買了一雙新的跑步釘鞋。
His spikes gave him better grip on the wet grass during the football game.
他的釘鞋讓他在潮濕的草地上踢足球時抓地力更好。
Most professional sprinters wear lightweight spikes that are made for their feet.
大多數職業短跑選手都穿著專為他們腳型訂製的輕量釘鞋。
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural form (spikes). Can refer either to the points themselves or to the shoes that have them.
3. a sudden and large increase in the amount, level, or price of something, especia
飆升；暴漲
數量或價格的急遽上升
a sudden and large increase in the amount, level, or price of something, especially one that does not stay high for very long
There has been a sharp spike in the price of fresh vegetables this month.
本月新鮮蔬菜的價格出現了一次急遽的飆升。
collocation: sharp spike + in [something]
The sudden temperature spike caused the snow to melt very quickly.
氣溫突然飆升，導致積雪迅速融化。
collocation: temperature spike
Summer storms often cause a spike in the number of power cuts across the region.
夏季暴風雨往往會導致該地區停電次數激增。
Doctors have reported a worrying spike in the number of young people with breathing problems.
醫生通報，患有呼吸問題的年輕人人數出現了令人擔憂的飆升。
用法筆記
Common in financial news, weather reports, and health data. The rise is usually shown as a sharp upward line on a graph.
4. in volleyball, an action in which a player jumps and hits the ball hard so that
扣殺
排球中用力將球擊向對方場地的動作
in volleyball, an action in which a player jumps and hits the ball hard so that it travels sharply downward over the net into the opponent's court
Marta scored the winning point with a powerful spike that the defenders could not reach.
Marta 以一記強力扣球得分，防守球員完全來不及攔截。
collocation: powerful spike
The team spent the whole afternoon practising their spikes and blocks.
整個下午球隊都在練習扣球和攔網。
plural form: spikes
Hannah's spike was so fast that it hit the floor before anyone could move.
Hannah 的扣球速度極快，球落地前沒有人來得及反應。
The coach showed the players how to time their jump for the most effective spike.
教練向球員示範如何掌握起跳時機，以達到最有效的扣殺。
spike — 動詞
1. to increase suddenly and quickly to a much higher level, often before falling ba
激增；暴漲
數量或價格快速上升
to increase suddenly and quickly to a much higher level, often before falling back down again
Temperatures in the city spiked to forty degrees Celsius during the summer heatwave.
這座城市的氣溫在夏季熱浪期間飆升至攝氏四十度。
pattern: spike + to + [measurement]
The company's share price spiked sharply after news of the new product was announced.
新產品發布的消息公布後，該公司的股價急遽飆升。
pattern: spike + sharply/ suddenly/ dramatically
Sumin's heart rate spiked when she heard the loud explosion near her apartment.
Sumin 聽到公寓附近傳來巨大的爆炸聲時，心跳急遽加速。
Electricity demand spikes every evening when people come home and turn on the air conditioning.
每到傍晚人們回家打開空調時，用電量就會飆升。
文法句型
spike + adverb (suddenly/sharply/dramatically)
spike + to + number
用法筆記
Commonly used for prices, temperatures, heart rates, and other measurable quantities. The increase is typically shown as a narrow, steep line on a graph.
常見錯誤
2. to force a sharp, pointed object into the surface of something or into someone's
刺入；扎進
將尖銳物刺入某物或某人體內
to force a sharp, pointed object into the surface of something or into someone's body, causing it to go through or become stuck
The gardener spiked the metal fork deep into the hard, dry soil to loosen it.
園丁將金屬叉子深深扎進又乾又硬的土壤中，以便鬆土。
pattern: spike + [object] + into + [surface]
A piece of broken fence spiked through the sole of Anjali's shoe as she crossed the field.
Anjali 穿越田野時，一塊破籬笆的木片刺穿了她鞋底。
intransitive-like: spike through [something]
The fisherman spiked the large fish with a sharp metal rod to keep it still.
漁夫用一根尖銳的金屬棒刺穿大魚，讓牠無法動彈。
A nail from the construction site spiked right through the tire of Hugo's bicycle.
建築工地的一根釘子直接刺穿了 Hugo 自行車的輪胎。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase + through/into + noun phrase
spike + noun phrase + with + noun phrase
用法筆記
The spike + through pattern (e.g., 'spiked through his boot') is intransitive in structure but the object is understood as the thing being pierced. More common in physical, outdoor contexts.
3. to add alcohol to a drink, or to add something strong or exciting to food or dri
加酒；提味
在飲料中加入酒精或為食物增添風味
to add alcohol to a drink, or to add something strong or exciting to food or drink to give it extra flavour or interest
Owen spiked the fruit punch with rum before the party guests arrived.
Owen 在派對客人到來之前，在綜合水果酒裡加了蘭姆酒。
pattern: spike + [drink] + with + [alcohol]
The chef spiked the chocolate sauce with a little chili powder for extra heat.
主廚在巧克力醬中加了一點辣椒粉，增添額外的辣味。
metaphorical use: spike with spice/flavour
Lina spiked her coffee with a shot of whiskey to warm up on the cold day.
Lina 在咖啡裡加了一小杯威士忌，在寒冷的日子裡讓自己暖和起來。
Sahil spiked the lemonade with vodka for the adults but left plain drinks for the children.
Sahil 在給大人的檸檬水裡加了伏特加，但留了一壺沒加酒的給孩子們。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase (drink/food) + with + noun
用法筆記
When used without 'with,' the meaning is that alcohol was added. The metaphorical sense (adding excitement or flavour) is less common but still widely understood.
常見錯誤
4. to secretly put a harmful drug into a drink that someone is going to drink, with
下藥
暗中在飲料中放入迷藥
to secretly put a harmful drug into a drink that someone is going to drink, with the purpose of making them unconscious or unable to behave normally
The police warned people never to leave their drinks alone because someone might spike them.
警方警告民眾絕對不要讓飲料離開視線，因為可能有人會下藥。
common warning context
Élise felt dizzy and confused after someone spiked her water bottle at the party.
Élise 在派對上被人往水壺裡下藥後，感到頭暈目眩。
The investigation found that the victim's glass had been spiked with a strong sleeping drug.
調查發現受害者的杯子裡被人摻入了強效安眠藥。
Security cameras showed a stranger spiking the woman's soda while she was not watching.
監視器畫面顯示，一名陌生人在那名女子不注意時，在她的汽水裡下了藥。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase (drink) + with + noun (drug/poison)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3 (ADD ALCOHOL): this sense involves illegal or harmful substances, not just alcohol. The context is always negative or dangerous.
5. in volleyball, to jump and hit the ball with great force so that it travels shar
扣球；殺球
排球中用力將球擊向下方
in volleyball, to jump and hit the ball with great force so that it travels sharply downward over the net into the opponent's side of the court
James jumped high and spiked the ball past the two blockers on the other side.
James 高高跳起，越過對面兩名攔網球員，將球扣了過去。
transitive: spike + the ball
Dewi is the team's best attacker because she can spike powerfully from any position.
Dewi 是隊上最好的攻擊手，因為她能在任何位置強力扣球。
intransitive: can spike (no object)
The outside hitter spiked the ball straight down into the empty corner of the court.
那位主攻手將球扣向球場空著的角落，球直接落地。
Chiara practised her approach and jump until she could spike the ball with great power.
Chiara 反覆練習助跑和起跳，直到她能強力扣球為止。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase (ball)
spike (no object)
用法筆記
The volleyball sense is the same as noun sense 4. When used intransitively ('she spikes well'), the ball is implied.
6. in American football, to push the ball hard against the ground, either to freeze
砸球
美式足球中將球用力擲向地面
in American football, to push the ball hard against the ground, either to freeze the game clock or to express joy once a team has crossed the goal line
After his touchdown, Christopher spiked the football hard onto the grass in celebration.
Christopher 達陣後，用力把橄欖球砸向草地慶祝。
celebratory: spike after touchdown
The quarterback spiked the ball to stop the clock with only three seconds left.
四分衛將球砸向地面以停止計時，當時比賽只剩下三秒鐘。
tactical: spike to stop the clock
Brandon was given a penalty for spiking the ball too aggressively at the referee.
Brandon 因為用力將球砸向裁判而被判罰。
The crowd cheered as the receiver caught the pass and spiked the ball in the end zone.
當那名外接手接住傳球並在達陣區將球砸向地面時，群眾歡聲雷動。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase (ball)
用法筆記
Frequently seen in American football broadcasts and news. The celebration spike (after a touchdown) is distinct from the tactical spike (to stop the clock before the end of a half).
7. to put an illegal or harmful substance into a person through a needle, with the
注射毒品
用針筒將毒品注入體內
to put an illegal or harmful substance into a person through a needle, with the aim of making them lose consciousness or become unable to think clearly
Andrés was arrested for spiking himself with heroin in a public bathroom.
Andrés 因為在公共廁所為自己注射海洛因而被逮捕。
reflexive: spike + oneself + with [drug]
The hospital treated several young people who had spiked themselves with dangerous drugs.
醫院收治了幾名為自己注射危險毒品的年輕人。
A nurse was fired for spiking patients with unnecessary sedatives.
一名護士因為對病人注射不必要的鎮靜劑而被開除。
The documentary showed how some young people end up spiking themselves with opioids.
那部紀錄片呈現了許多年輕人最後如何為自己注射鴉片類藥物的情況。
文法句型
spike + reflexive pronoun + with + noun
spike + noun phrase (drug) + into + body part
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 4 (DRUG DRINK): this sense involves injection with a needle, not adding to a drink. Often used reflexively (spike oneself).
8. to stop an article from being printed in a newspaper or magazine, usually becaus
撤稿；封殺
決定不刊登某篇報導
to stop an article from being printed in a newspaper or magazine, usually because the editor considers it inappropriate or likely to cause trouble
The editor decided to spike the story about the politician because of a lack of evidence.
編輯決定撤掉那篇關於政治人物的報導，因為證據不足。
passive context: story was spiked by editor
Reporters were disappointed when the magazine spiked their investigation at the last minute.
記者們對於雜誌在最後一刻封殺他們的調查報導感到失望。
Legal concerns forced the publisher to spike the article before it went to print.
法律問題迫使出版商在文章付印前將其撤稿。
The editor-in-chief spiked the column after receiving a complaint from the lawyer.
總編輯在收到律師的投訴後，決定封殺那篇專欄。
文法句型
spike + noun phrase (article/story/report)
用法筆記
Primarily British English journalism term. The American equivalent is 'to kill a story.'