stub
stub — 名詞
- stubsingular
- stubsplural
1. The short bit that stays behind after someone uses or tears off most of an objec
殘根；票根
使用後留下的短小部分
The short bit that stays behind after someone uses or tears off most of an object — for instance, the leftover tip from a smoked cigarette, the slip torn from a concert ticket as proof of purchase, or a pencil worn down until it is difficult to hold.
Lakan crushed his cigarette stub into the ashtray before leaving the train.
Lakan 在離開火車前把菸蒂摁進煙灰缸裡。
collocation: cigarette stub
Dahlia kept the ticket stub from the concert as a souvenir of her first live show.
Dahlia 把演唱會的票根留下來，當作第一次看現場表演的紀念。
collocation: ticket stub
The cashier handed Pedro a pay stub showing how much money had been taken for tax.
收銀員交給 Pedro 一張薪資單，上面顯示被扣了多少稅。
Noor tried to sharpen the pencil stub but the lead kept breaking off inside the sharpener.
Noor 想削那截鉛筆頭，但筆芯一直在削筆器裡斷掉。
An old bus ticket stub fell out of the library book when Jenna opened it.
Jenna 翻開那本圖書館借來的書時，一張舊公車票根從裡面掉了出來。
- butt
more common for a cigarette stub, slightly informal
- counterfoil
formal term for the part of a cheque or ticket you keep as a record
- remnant
formal, used for any leftover piece of fabric or material
- whole
the complete item before anything was used or torn off
用法筆記
Often combined with a preceding noun that tells you what kind of stub: cigarette stub, ticket stub, cheque stub, pay stub, pencil stub.
常見錯誤
2. A short piece of a branch that sticks out from a tree trunk after the rest of th
殘枝
樹幹上斷枝後留下的短段
A short piece of a branch that sticks out from a tree trunk after the rest of the branch has broken off or been cut away.
Felipe brushed against the tree trunk and a sharp branch stub scratched his arm.
Felipe 擦過樹幹，一根尖銳的殘枝劃傷了他的手臂。
collocation: branch stub
Marta noticed several small stubs where the gardener had trimmed the lower limbs the week before.
Marta 注意到園丁一週前修剪低矮枝條後，留下了好幾處小殘枝。
The old oak had a thick stub left where a huge limb had snapped off during the winter storm.
那棵老橡樹上有一根粗大的殘枝，那是冬天暴風雨折斷大樹枝後留下來的。
Vivek had to saw off each stub on the fence line before the new fence panels could go up.
Vivek 必須鋸掉籬笆沿線的每一根殘枝，才能安裝新的籬笆板。
用法筆記
Less common than 'stump', which refers to the short part of a tree still in the ground after the trunk has been cut. A 'stub' is specifically a short branch remnant on a trunk.
stub — 動詞
- stubpresent simple I / you / we / they
- stubs3rd person singular
- stubbing-ing form
- stubbedpast simple
1. To accidentally hit your toe or foot against something hard — such as a piece of
踢到；撞到
腳趾意外撞到硬物而受傷
To accidentally hit your toe or foot against something hard — such as a piece of furniture, a step, or a rock — causing sudden pain.
Yan stubbed his bare toe on the corner of the bedroom door in the dark.
Yan 在黑暗中赤腳踢到了臥室門的角落。
pattern: stub + toe + on + object
Eitan cried out when he stubbed his toe against the heavy metal leg of the kitchen table.
Eitan 的腳趾撞到廚房桌子沉重的金屬桌腳，痛得叫了出來。
Ife stubbed her toe on the edge of the pavement and had to sit down on the bench.
Ife 踢到人行道邊緣，只好在長椅上坐了一會兒。
Be careful not to stub your toe on that stack of bricks beside the garage steps.
小心別踢到車庫台階旁邊那疊磚頭。
Lakan stubbed his toe against a buried root while running across the field at dusk.
Lakan 在黃昏時跑過田野，腳趾踢到一根埋在土裡的樹根。
文法句型
stub + possessive + toe/foot + against/on + hard object
用法筆記
Almost always used with 'toe' as the object — you stub your toe, not your finger or knee. The pattern is 'stub + possessive + toe + against/on + object'.
常見錯誤
2. To stop a cigarette or cigar from burning by pressing the lit end firmly against
捻熄
用力壓熄燃燒中的香煙
To stop a cigarette or cigar from burning by pressing the lit end firmly against a hard surface such as an ashtray, a wall, or the ground.
Pedro stubbed his cigarette out in the metal ashtray before going back inside the shop.
Pedro 在進店裡之前，把香煙捻熄在金屬煙灰缸裡。
phrasal verb: stub + object + out
Dahlia carefully stubbed out the match against the cold stone of the fireplace.
Dahlia 小心地把火柴在壁爐冰冷石牆上捻熄。
alternate order: stub out + object
The driver stubbed his cigar into the car ashtray before pulling up to the petrol pump.
司機在開到加油機之前，先把雪茄在車內菸灰缸裡捻熄。
After one last puff, Lakan stubbed the cigarette into the sand with the heel of his shoe.
Lakan 抽完最後一口，就用鞋跟把香煙捻進沙子裡。
- extinguish
formal term; can refer to any fire, not just cigarettes
- put out
everyday alternative, more general than stub out
- snuff out
slightly old-fashioned, suggests pressing with the fingers
文法句型
stub + cigarette/cigar + out + in/on/into + surface
用法筆記
The particle 'out' is optional but very common. 'Stub out' is the usual form; without 'out' you usually need a location phrase ('stubbed it in the ashtray').
3. To dig or pull unwanted plants, weeds, or roots out of the ground by hand or wit
連根拔；清除
挖除植物根部或清理土地
To dig or pull unwanted plants, weeds, or roots out of the ground by hand or with a tool; to clear an area of land by removing roots and stumps so it can be used for planting.
The farmer spent the whole morning stubbing up weeds from the vegetable patch with a hoe.
農夫用鋤頭花了一整個上午，把菜園裡的雜草連根拔起。
phrasal verb: stub up + weeds + from + location
The farmer hired a machine to stub roots out of land untouched for years.
農夫雇了一台機器，把多年未耕的地裡的根清除掉。
Vivek stubbed the old rose bushes out of the garden to make space for a new flower bed.
Vivek 把花園裡的舊玫瑰叢連根挖掉，騰出空間來做一個新的花圃。
Before planting the rice, the villagers had to stub the entire hillside of thorny scrub.
種稻之前，村民們必須把整片山坡帶刺的灌木清除乾淨。
Noor's grandfather used to stub stubborn weeds out of the clay soil by hand every spring.
Noor 的祖父每年春天都要用手把黏土裡頑固的雜草連根拔掉。
- plant
to put plants or seeds into the ground
文法句型
stub + up + plant/weed/root
stub + land/field/ground + of roots
用法筆記
This sense is chiefly British and most often used in farming or gardening contexts. Many modern speakers use 'dig up' or 'uproot' instead in everyday conversation.