supply
supply — 動詞
1. to give people the things they need or want, especially in regular or large amou
提供
提供所需物品，尤指大量或定期
to give people the things they need or want, especially in regular or large amounts — for example, a company that supplies computers to schools, or a farmer who supplies vegetables to local shops.
Fresh bread is supplied to local cafés by the bakery every morning.
這間麵包店每天早上供應新鮮麵包給當地的咖啡館。
passive: be supplied + to + place
Hugo supplied the kitchen with fresh vegetables from his garden.
Hugo 從他的菜園裡供應新鮮蔬菜給廚房。
supply + someone + with + something
This pipe supplies hot water to all the rooms in the building.
這條水管供應熱水到大樓裡的所有房間。
The charity supplied blankets and warm food to families after the storm.
暴風雨過後，這間慈善機構提供毛毯和熱食給受災家庭。
Ryo's shop supplies paint and brushes to art students at the college.
Ryo 的店鋪供應顏料和畫筆給學院的藝術系學生。
文法句型
supply + something + to + someone/somewhere
supply + someone + with + something
用法筆記
The most common structure is supply + someone + with + something (supplied us with food) or supply + something + to + someone/somewhere (supplies water to the village). Frequently used in the passive voice.
常見錯誤
supply — 名詞
1. a certain amount of a thing that people can get and use whenever they need it —
供應量
可供使用的一定數量
a certain amount of a thing that people can get and use whenever they need it — for example, a supply of drinking water, a supply of medicine, or a limited supply of tickets.
The village has a good supply of clean drinking water from the mountain spring.
這個村莊從山泉獲得充足的乾淨飲用水供應。
a supply of + noun phrase
Putri bought a large supply of rice before the rainy season began.
Putri 在雨季來臨前買了一大批米。
The supply of fresh vegetables runs out quickly during the cold winter months.
在寒冷的冬季，新鮮蔬菜的供應量很快就消耗完了。
Adina kept a small supply of medicine in case of emergencies at home.
Adina 在家裡存放了一小批藥品，以備緊急狀況。
The warehouse holds a year's supply of building materials for new houses.
倉庫裡存放了足夠蓋新房使用一整年的建材。
文法句型
a supply of something
the supply of something
adjective + supply of
用法筆記
Can be both countable (a supply, supplies in the sense of quantities) and uncountable (enough supply). Sense 2 (PROVISIONS) is always plural when referring to multiple items.
常見錯誤
2. items that people must have to live or to do something — these include food, equ
物資；補給品
一群人所需的物品，常用複數
items that people must have to live or to do something — these include food, equipment, and medicine; for example, medical supplies for a hospital, or food supplies for a camping trip.
The hospital needs more medical supplies to treat all the patients in the emergency room.
這間醫院需要更多醫療物資來治療急診室裡的所有病人。
collocation: medical supplies
The hikers carried enough food supplies for three days in the mountains.
登山者攜帶了足夠在山區使用三天的食物補給品。
collocation: food supplies
Office supplies like paper and pens are kept in the cupboard near the door.
紙和筆等辦公用品放在門附近的櫃子裡。
After the earthquake, the government sent emergency supplies to the affected villages.
地震過後，政府將緊急物資送往受影響的村莊。
The teacher asked parents to bring art supplies for the children's class project on Friday.
老師請家長為孩子們週五的課堂活動帶美術用品。
- provisions
specifically food and drink supplies, often for a journey
- stores
supplies kept in a central location for later use
- equipment
focuses on tools and gear rather than consumable goods
文法句型
supplies of something
adjective + supplies
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural form (supplies). Use sense 1 (AMOUNT AVAILABLE) when referring to a quantity of one type of thing; use this sense for a set of different necessary items.
常見錯誤
3. the total amount of a product or service that is available for people to buy, co
供給
經濟學中指市場上的供應量
the total amount of a product or service that is available for people to buy, considered in relation to how much people want it — the basic economic idea that prices go up when supply is low and demand is high, and fall when the opposite is true.
The price of fruit goes up when the supply is low after a bad harvest.
水果的價格通常在收成不佳導致供給不足時上漲。
Housing supply cannot keep up with the number of families moving to the city.
城市的房屋供給量趕不上愈來愈多家庭遷入的速度。
collocation: housing supply
When supply is high and demand stays the same, prices tend to fall over time.
當供給量高而需求量不變時，價格往往會隨著時間下跌。
The government is trying to increase the supply of affordable homes in the capital.
政府正試圖增加首都地區平價住宅的供給量。
A change in the oil supply can affect fuel prices around the world.
石油供給的突然變化可能會影響全球的燃料價格。
- stock
the amount of goods a business has available to sell at a given time
- availability
focuses on whether something can be obtained, not on quantity
- demand
the amount of a product or service that people want to buy
文法句型
supply and demand
the supply of + noun
adjective + supply
用法筆記
Uncountable in this sense. Often paired with 'demand' in discussions of market economics. Common in news reports about prices, housing, energy, and commodities.
常見錯誤
4. the system or process that makes something such as water, electricity, gas, or p
供應系統
水、電、瓦斯等公用事業的供應
the system or process that makes something such as water, electricity, gas, or power available to homes, businesses, or hospitals — for example, the water supply that comes through pipes, or the electricity supply that runs through wires.
The electricity supply to the area was cut for six hours after the storm.
暴風雨過後，整個地區的電力供應中斷了將近六個小時。
the [noun] supply — electricity supply
The city's water supply comes from a large lake about fifty kilometres to the north.
這座城市的供水系統來自北方約五十公里處的一座大湖。
During the storm, the power supply failed and the streets went completely dark.
暴風雨期間，電源供應中斷，街道陷入一片漆黑。
The blood supply at the local hospital is running dangerously low after the accident.
事故發生後，當地醫院的血液供應量已低到危險的程度。
The gas supply to the old building was turned off for safety checks and repairs.
為了安全檢查和維修，這棟老舊建築的瓦斯供應被關閉了。
文法句型
the + noun + supply
supply of + noun
用法筆記
Typically preceded by a noun identifying the resource (power supply, water supply, gas supply, blood supply). Can be used with or without an article depending on countability.
5. used with the expression 'in short supply' to mean that not enough of something
短缺
固定用法指某物不足
used with the expression 'in short supply' to mean that not enough of something can be found or obtained — for example, when clean water is hard to find after a drought, or when hotel rooms are unavailable during a festival.
Clean drinking water was in short supply after months of no rain in the region.
該地區連續幾個月沒有下雨，乾淨的飲用水供應短缺。
fixed phrase: in short supply
During the music festival, hotel rooms in the town were in very short supply.
音樂節期間，鎮上的旅館房間非常短缺。
Doctors with experience in tropical diseases are in short supply in rural areas.
在鄉村地區，有熱帶疾病經驗的醫生很短缺。
After the earthquake, building materials were in short supply across the whole region.
地震過後，整個區域的建築材料都很短缺。
Good-quality teachers are in short supply in many parts of the country right now.
目前這個國家許多地區都短缺優質的教師。
文法句型
in short supply
be + in short supply
用法筆記
This sense is almost always used within the fixed phrase 'in short supply', which functions as a predicate adjective (subject + be + in short supply). The phrase cannot normally be broken apart or reordered.