survival
survival — 形容詞
1. connected with the act of staying alive or the effort to remain alive when condi
求生；生存
與在困境中求生存有關的
connected with the act of staying alive or the effort to remain alive when conditions are difficult
Hamza packed a small survival kit before his hike through the canyon.
Hamza 在峽谷健行前準備了一個小型求生包。
collocation: survival kit
The lost hikers went into survival mode, rationing their food and water carefully.
迷路的登山客進入了求生模式，仔細分配他們的食物和飲水。
collocation: survival mode
Tara took a survival course before her solo trip to the Arctic region.
Tara 在獨自前往北極地區之前上了一門野外求生課程。
Yan keeps a survival blanket and a whistle inside his car at all times.
Yan 的車上隨時放著一條求生毯和一個哨子。
文法句型
survival + noun
用法筆記
This adjective form is always used before a noun — you can say 'survival skills' but not 'the skills are survival'.
survival — 名詞
1. the condition of staying alive or remaining in existence, particularly when ther
生存；存活
面臨危險或困難時繼續存活或存在
the condition of staying alive or remaining in existence, particularly when there is danger, difficulty, or major change
The survival of the mountain village depends on the winter rains filling the reservoirs.
這個山村能否存續，得看冬季雨水是否能把山上水庫填滿。
pattern: survival of + noun phrase
Doctors gave Henry a sixty percent chance of survival after the complicated surgery.
醫生說 Henry 在複雜手術後的存活率有六成。
collocation: chance of survival
Small independent bookshops often struggle for survival when large chains dominate the market.
大型連鎖書店主導市場時，小型獨立書店往往為生存而掙扎。
Gabriel sees learning English fluently as essential for survival in his global career.
Gabriel 認為把英語學好是在他的全球職涯中生存的關鍵。
- existence
more neutral, less dramatic; lacking the connotation of danger or difficulty
- continuation
more formal, used for abstract entities like traditions or institutions
- extinction
the opposite of survival for a species, language, or tradition
文法句型
survival of + noun phrase
用法筆記
Usually uncountable. Very common in fixed phrases such as 'fight for survival', 'a matter of survival', and 'chances of survival'.
常見錯誤
2. something from the past — a thing, habit, or tradition — that has lasted into th
遺留物
從過去留存至今的事物或習俗
something from the past — a thing, habit, or tradition — that has lasted into the present
This hand-woven basket is a survival from the indigenous weaving traditions of the region.
這個手工編織籃是該地區原住民編織傳統的遺留物。
pattern: a survival from
The summer solstice festival is a survival of ancient harvest celebrations from centuries ago.
夏至慶典是數百年前古代豐收祭典的殘存習俗。
pattern: a survival of
Linguists study these rare dialects as survivals of older forms of the regional language.
語言學家研究這些稀有方言，視其為古老地方語言形式的遺留。
The wooden plough on display is a survival of medieval farming methods in this museum.
展覽中的木犁是中世紀農耕方法的遺留物。
文法句型
a survival from + time period
a survival of + old practice
用法筆記
Countable — you can say 'a survival' or 'survivals'. Often appears in academic or historical writing about traditions, objects, or language features.
3. the evolutionary idea that living things which are best suited to their surround
適者生存
最適應環境的生物最可能存活的演化原理
the evolutionary idea that living things which are best suited to their surroundings are the most likely to live long enough to reproduce
Darwin argued that survival of the fittest drives evolution over millions of years.
達爾文主張，適者生存推動物種在數百萬年間逐漸演化。
fixed phrase: survival of the fittest
In the competitive world of technology start-ups, it often feels like survival of the fittest.
在科技新創公司的競爭世界裡，往往感覺就像適者生存。
metaphorical use outside biology
Island bird species show how survival of the fittest shapes body and beak size.
小島上的鳥類展示了適者生存如何塑造體型和鳥喙形狀。
Some critics say modern capitalism has become a system of survival of the fittest.
有些評論家認為現代資本主義已經變成純粹的適者生存體系。
文法句型
survival of the fittest
用法筆記
Nearly always appears in the fixed phrase 'survival of the fittest'. Can be used outside biology to describe any fiercely competitive situation.