ultra
ultra — 名詞
1. a person whose political or religious beliefs are far more extreme than what mos
極端分子
政治或宗教上持極端立場的人
a person whose political or religious beliefs are far more extreme than what most people hold, sometimes leading them to support radical or even violent actions.
The rally attracted ultras from both the far left and the far right of the political spectrum.
這場集會吸引了來自政治光譜極左派和極右派的極端分子。
plural form 'ultras' for extremist groups
Hao's newspaper column warned that religious ultras were gaining influence in the region.
Hao 在報紙專欄中警告，宗教極端分子正在該地區獲得影響力。
Diego left the party after a group of ultras took control of its leadership committee.
Diego 在一群極端分子掌控了黨的領導委員會後離開了該黨。
Police arrested several known ultras who had been planning to disrupt the public meeting.
警方逮捕了幾名已知的極端分子，他們原本計劃擾亂這場公開會議。
- extremist
the most common and direct synonym, used in the same political/religious contexts
- radical
broader in meaning; can describe anyone who wants major change, not necessarily through violence
- hardliner
suggests someone who refuses to compromise within a political group, closer to 'intransigent' than 'violent'
- moderate
a person with measured, middle-ground views
文法句型
often used with 'political' or 'religious' as modifier
用法筆記
Often used in news reporting and political analysis. Frequently appears in the plural form 'ultras' to refer to a group of extremists within a movement or party.
常見錯誤
2. a football fan who belongs to a highly organised supporters' club, known for lou
激進球迷
有組織的狂熱足球支持者
a football fan who belongs to a highly organised supporters' club, known for loud singing, waving flags, and putting on large displays of banners and fireworks during matches.
The home-team ultras lit flares and sang continuously throughout the entire ninety minutes.
主隊的激進球迷點燃了信號彈，並在整整九十分鐘內不停地唱歌。
plural 'ultras' for organized fan groups
Imran travelled from Manchester to Milan to watch the match with the local ultras in their section of the stadium.
Imran 從曼徹斯特前往米蘭，與當地的激進球迷一起在他們所在的看台區域觀看比賽。
A group of ultras unveiled a giant banner that covered the whole lower tier of the stand.
一群激進球迷展開了一面巨大的旗幟，覆蓋了整層下層看台。
The Roma ultras coordinated a massive tifo display before kick-off, spelling out the club's name across the entire curva section.
Roma 的激進球迷在開賽前協調了一場大型 Tifo 展示，將球會的名字拼滿了整個曲線看台區。
文法句型
usually plural: ultras
用法筆記
This sense is closely associated with European football culture, particularly in Italy, Spain, and Eastern Europe. In British football contexts, 'ultras' is often contrasted with 'hooligans' — ultras focus on visual and vocal support, while hooligans engage in violence.
3. a long-distance running event that covers more than the standard marathon distan
超馬；超長賽
距離超越標準馬拉松的長跑比賽
a long-distance running event that covers more than the standard marathon distance of 42.2 kilometres, often taking place on trails or rough terrain.
Amira finished her first ultra last weekend, running 80 kilometres through the desert in blistering heat.
Amira 上週末完成了她的第一場超馬，在酷熱中跑過了 80 公里的沙漠。
collocation: 'run / finish an ultra'
To prepare for a 100-kilometre trail ultra, Chen trained on mountain passes at 3000 metres, testing her lungs and hydration strategy.
為了準備一場 100 公里的越野超馬，Chen 在海拔 3000 公尺的山口訓練，考驗她的肺活量和補水策略。
Linh signed up for a 100-kilometre ultra that follows the mountain ridge along the coast.
Linh 報名了一場 100 公里的超馬，比賽路線沿著海岸的山脊前進。
The aid station at kilometre 70 of the ultra was crowded with exhausted runners refilling their water bottles.
超馬 70 公里處的補給站擠滿了精疲力竭的跑者，正在補充水瓶。
- ultra-marathon
the full form; more formal and precise than the clipped 'ultra'
- ultra-distance race
used when the activity could also be cycling or swimming
文法句型
often as 'ultra' short for 'ultra-marathon'
用法筆記
In informal sports contexts, 'ultra' is used as a short form of 'ultra-marathon'. The official minimum distance is 50 kilometres, but most ultras range from 50 km to 100 miles (161 km).
常見錯誤
ultra — 字首
1. added to the beginning of adjectives to give them the meaning 'extremely' or 'be
極度；超
放在形容詞前表示「極度」
added to the beginning of adjectives to give them the meaning 'extremely' or 'beyond what is ordinary', as in ultra-modern (extremely modern) or ultra-light (extremely light in weight).
The hotel room was ultra-modern, with lights controlled by a tablet next to the bed.
飯店房間是超現代風格的，床頭櫃上有一個平板電腦可以控制燈光。
ultra- + modern
Sivan bought an ultra-light tent for the hiking trip because every gram of weight on her back mattered.
Sivan 為健行買了一頂超輕帳篷，因為背包上的每一克重量都很重要。
The company installed an ultra-sensitive alarm system that could detect the slightest movement in the building.
公司安裝了一套超敏感的警報系統，可以偵測到建築物內最微小的動靜。
Ada prefers ultra-fresh ingredients, so she visits the farmer's market every morning before work.
Ada 偏好超新鮮的食材，所以她每天早上上班前都會去農夫市集。
Elise booked an ultra-luxury resort for her honeymoon, with private villas and a personal chef.
Élise 為她的蜜月預訂了一家超豪華的度假村，有私人別墅和專屬主廚。
- super-
also used as an intensifying prefix; more informal and commercial (super-soft, super-fast)
- hyper-
suggests an excessive or over-the-top quality, often with a slightly negative tone (hyper-sensitive)
- uber-
borrowed from German; conveys 'the ultimate' or 'topmost' quality, common in informal contexts (uber-rich)
文法句型
ultra- + [adjective]
attaches to adjectives to intensify their meaning
用法筆記
The prefix 'ultra-' is productive, meaning new combinations are frequently created in marketing and journalism. Common in product descriptions (ultra-soft, ultra-fast, ultra-thin). Written with a hyphen when attached to a word beginning with a vowel or when the compound is unusual, though established forms like 'ultrasonic' are written solid.
2. added to nouns related to running, cycling, or swimming to describe a version of
超長距離
放在名詞前表示距離比標準長
added to nouns related to running, cycling, or swimming to describe a version of a sport that covers a longer distance than the standard event, for example ultra-marathon or ultra-cycling.
Hao is training for an ultra-marathon that covers 80 kilometres through mountain trails in the Alps.
Hao 正在為一場超馬拉松訓練，路線穿過阿爾卑斯山的越野小徑，全長 80 公里。
ultra- + marathon for extended distance
The ultra-cycling race goes from the coast to the capital — a total of 600 kilometres over three days.
這場超長距離自行車賽從海岸騎到首都，總共 600 公里，為期三天。
Anthony completed an ultra-swim across the channel, staying in cold water for nearly fourteen hours.
Anthony 完成了一場超長距離橫渡海峽的游泳，在冷水中待了將近十四個小時。
The Comrades Marathon in South Africa, an 89-kilometre ultra-distance race since 1921, draws over 20,000 runners from around the world.
南非的 comrades 馬拉松是一場全長 89 公里的超長距離賽事，自 1921 年起舉辦，吸引了來自世界各地的兩萬多名跑者。
- extreme
used as a modifier (extreme marathon) but without the precise 'longer distance' meaning of ultra-
文法句型
ultra- + [noun related to running, cycling, or swimming]
用法筆記
This prefix sense overlaps with the noun sense 'ultra-marathon' (sense 3 of the noun entry). The difference: as a prefix, 'ultra-' can attach to any endurance sport noun (ultra-cycling, ultra-swim, ultra-running); the noun 'ultra' alone specifically refers to an ultra-marathon running event.
ultra — 形容詞
1. going far beyond what most people consider ordinary or socially acceptable, used
極端的
遠超出正常或合理範圍的
going far beyond what most people consider ordinary or socially acceptable, used mainly to describe artistic style, fashion, or entertainment — not used for political or religious views (which belong to the noun sense).
Some radio stations refused to play the band's new album, calling it too ultra for their mainstream listeners.
有些電台拒絕播放這個樂團的新專輯，稱其對主流聽眾來說太過極端。
predicative use: 'is ultra'
The designer's runway show was so ultra that several fashion editors left before the final model walked out.
這位設計師的時裝秀極端到幾位時尚編輯在最後一位模特兒出場前就離席了。
The manager told the comedian his set was too ultra for the all-ages crowd and asked him to soften it.
經理告訴那位喜劇演員，他的表演對全年齡層的觀眾來說太過極端，請他收斂一些。
When Yuki showed her portfolio, one professor called her ceramic sculptures ultra — striking but too bold for a first exhibition.
當 Yuki 向審查小組展示她的作品集時，一位教授稱她的陶瓷雕塑很極端——引人注目，但對首次展覽來說太過大膽。
- extreme
the standard, much more common adjective meaning virtually the same thing
- radical
suggests a departure from tradition, not necessarily extreme intensity
- outrageous
carries a stronger sense of shocking or offending others
- moderate
within reasonable limits; the opposite of ultra behaviour or opinions
文法句型
used as a predicative adjective in informal or subcultural contexts
用法筆記
This standalone adjective is rare in everyday English. It is almost never used in formal writing. Most speakers would use 'extreme' or 'ultra-' as a prefix instead. Here it appears mostly in subcultural reviews of music, fashion, or art.