average
average — 名詞
1. a single middle figure that stands for a whole group of numbers; you find it by
平均數；均值
把所有數字加總後除以個數的結果
a single middle figure that stands for a whole group of numbers; you find it by summing every number, then splitting that sum equally across however many numbers there were.
Mei-Ling worked out the average of her five test scores using a calculator.
美玲用計算機算出她五次考試成績的平均數。
the average of [numbers]
The class read an average of twelve books each during the summer holiday.
全班學生在暑假期間平均每人讀了十二本書。
an average of [number]
House prices in the village rose by an average of three percent last year.
村裡的房價去年平均上漲了百分之三。
To find the average, Daniel added all six numbers and divided the total by six.
丹尼爾把六個數字加起來再除以六，求出平均數。
The national average for daily screen time is now over four hours.
全國每日螢幕使用時間的平均數現已超過四小時。
文法句型
the average of [numbers]
an average of [number]
用法筆記
Often appears in the fixed phrase 'an average of' before a number, and 'the average of' before a list or set being measured.
常見錯誤
2. the level or standard that you would normally expect from a group of people or t
一般水準
群體中通常會有的水準或標準
the level or standard that you would normally expect from a group of people or things — what most members of the group are like.
Sofia's reading score is well above average for children her age.
蘇菲亞的閱讀分數在同齡孩子中遠高於一般水準。
above/below average
On average, students in this school study for two hours every evening.
這所學校的學生平均每天晚上會讀兩個小時的書。
on average
Rainfall in May was below average across most of the eastern region.
東部大部分地區五月的降雨量低於一般水準。
Marco's salary is much higher than the average for teachers in his city.
馬可的薪水比這個城市老師的一般水準高出許多。
- extreme
the opposite end of a scale
文法句型
above/below average
on average
用法筆記
Frequently appears without an article in fixed phrases: 'on average', 'above average', 'below average'. Distinguish from sense 1, which is a calculated number rather than a typical level.
常見錯誤
3. in cricket, a number used to show how well a player is performing, either the ty
板球均分
板球運動中打擊或投球的平均成績
in cricket, a number used to show how well a player is performing, either the typical runs a batter makes per innings or the typical runs given up by a bowler before they get a wicket.
The young batter from Mumbai finished the season with a batting average of fifty-two.
這位來自孟買的年輕打擊手以五十二的打擊均分結束本季。
batting average of [number]
Coach Patel said his bowler had an excellent average of under twenty runs per wicket.
派特爾教練說他的投手每個三柱門失分不到二十的均分非常出色。
bowling average of [number]
Rahul has a career average above forty-five, which puts him among the top players.
拉胡爾的生涯均分超過四十五，使他躋身頂尖球員之列。
Priya's average dropped sharply after she struggled with the spin bowlers in three away matches.
普莉雅在連續三場客場比賽中對付不了旋轉球投手後，均分大幅下滑。
文法句型
a batting/bowling average of [number]
用法筆記
Subject is usually a named cricketer; the figure follows 'of' or appears before 'runs per wicket'. Distinguish from sense 4, which is the baseball-only batting figure.
4. in baseball, a small decimal figure measuring how often a hitter succeeds at the
打擊率
棒球中安打數除以打數所得的數值
in baseball, a small decimal figure measuring how often a hitter succeeds at the plate; you take their total hits and split that by how many times they came up to bat.
The Dodgers' shortstop ended the year with a batting average of point three one zero.
道奇隊的游擊手以三成一的打擊率結束球季。
batting average of [decimal]
Jose hit a home run on Friday and his average climbed back above point three hundred.
荷西在週五擊出全壘打，打擊率重新回到三成以上。
average climbed above [decimal]
Few players in the league keep an average over point three thirty across a full season.
聯盟中很少有球員整季都能維持三成三以上的打擊率。
Danny Alvarez's average has fallen since he started swinging at low pitches.
丹尼．阿瓦雷茲開始去揮低球後，打擊率就一直下滑。
- batting average
the more specific full term used by commentators
文法句型
a batting average of [number]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3 (cricket): baseball figures appear as small decimals like .310, while cricket averages are larger whole numbers.
average — 動詞
1. to come to a particular figure when the total of something is shared out evenly
平均達到
每單位算下來達到某個數值
to come to a particular figure when the total of something is shared out evenly across each day, week, person, or other unit.
Yael averages forty hours of work each week at the bakery.
卡洛斯在麵包店每週平均工作四十小時。
average [number] per [unit]
Rainfall here averages around two hundred millimetres a year.
這裡的年雨量平均約兩百毫米。
averages around [number]
Our delivery van averages thirty kilometres an hour through the city centre.
我們的送貨車穿過市中心時時速平均三十公里。
Leila's blog now averages five thousand readers every month.
瑪雅的部落格現在每月平均有五千名讀者。
Production at the factory averaged two hundred units a day last quarter.
這家工廠上一季每天的產量平均達到兩百件。
- amount to
broader; can describe any total, not just a per-unit figure
文法句型
[subject] averages [number]
average [number] per [unit]
用法筆記
Almost always followed directly by a number plus a unit phrase ('per week', 'a day', 'an hour'). Rarely used in the passive — say 'the team averaged ten points', not 'ten points were averaged'.
常見錯誤
2. to work out a single mid-point figure for a group of numbers by adding them up a
計算平均
把一組數字加總後除以個數求平均
to work out a single mid-point figure for a group of numbers by adding them up and then dividing the total by how many there are.
Ms Lin asked the children to average the heights of every plant in the garden.
林老師請孩子們計算花園裡每株植物高度的平均值。
average [a set of numbers]
The accountant averaged last year's monthly sales to set a sensible target.
會計把去年每月的銷售額算出平均，以訂出合理目標。
If you average these four end-of-term science scores, the class result is just under seventy.
如果你把這四份期末自然科分數平均一下，全班結果略低於七十。
Researchers averaged the daily temperatures over a thirty-year period.
研究人員計算了長達三十年期間的每日氣溫平均值。
- average out
phrasal-verb form, more common in everyday speech
文法句型
average [a set of numbers]
用法筆記
Object must be a set or group of measurable numbers (scores, prices, temperatures). Distinguish from sense 1: here you do the calculation; in sense 1 the subject is the figure.
average — 形容詞
1. describing a figure that stands for a whole group of values, worked out by summi
平均的
由相加除以個數所得出的
describing a figure that stands for a whole group of values, worked out by summing those values and then splitting the result equally across each one.
The average rainfall in Taipei during June is over three hundred millimetres.
台北六月的平均降雨量超過三百毫米。
average [noun]
Yusuf's average score across the four maths papers was eighty-two.
尤瑟夫四份數學考卷的平均分數是八十二。
average score
The average house price in our neighbourhood has doubled in ten years.
我們社區的平均房價十年來翻了一倍。
Our average daily sales jumped after the new café opened next door.
新咖啡店在隔壁開幕後，我們每日的平均銷售額大幅上升。
- mean
more technical, used in maths and statistics writing
文法句型
average [noun]
用法筆記
Used only before a noun in this sense. The noun it modifies is almost always a measurable quantity: rainfall, price, score, speed, age, salary.
2. of a normal kind or level — neither very good nor very bad, neither very large n
普通的；一般
處於中等程度，不特別好也不特別差
of a normal kind or level — neither very good nor very bad, neither very large nor very small.
Mei is a student of average height with short brown hair.
莉娜是個身高普通、留著棕色短髮的學生。
average [physical feature]
The pizza at the new place was just average — nothing worth a second visit.
這家新店的披薩只是普通而已，不值得再去第二次。
just average (informal evaluation)
On a good day, Pia runs at an average pace for someone his age.
狀況好的時候，馬可斯跑步速度對他這個年紀來說屬於一般水準。
The hotel room was clean and tidy, but the breakfast was very average.
飯店房間乾淨整潔，但早餐很一般。
Yuki's grades are average, but her drawing skills are truly remarkable.
由紀的成績很普通，但她的繪畫能力非常出色。
- exceptional
much better than the normal level
- outstanding
strongly positive, far above average
文法句型
[noun] is average
an average [noun]
用法筆記
When the noun is food, work, or performance, 'average' often carries a mildly negative tone meaning 'disappointing'. Distinguish from sense 1, which describes a calculated figure rather than a quality.