convention
convention — 名詞
1. A gathering of many people who share the same profession, political party, or in
大會；會議
同職業或同政黨的正式大型集會
A gathering of many people who share the same profession, political party, or interest, held regularly to discuss shared concerns and make decisions.
Talia attended the annual teachers' convention in Chicago to learn about new classroom methods.
Talia 出席了在芝加哥舉行的年度教師大會，了解新的課堂教學方法。
annual + [profession]'s convention
The party will hold its national convention in July to choose the next presidential candidate.
該黨將於七月舉行全國代表大會，選出下一任總統候選人。
national convention for political candidate selection
Over five thousand librarians gathered at the convention center for this year's conference.
超過五千名圖書館員聚集在會議中心參加今年的會議。
Reuben spoke at a medical convention about his team's latest discoveries in cancer research.
Reuben 在一個醫學會議上發表了演講，介紹他的團隊在癌症研究方面的最新發現。
- conference
Often smaller or more focused on discussion; less emphasis on regular repetition
- assembly
More general term; may be less formal and not necessarily annual
- gathering
Less formal and less structured than a convention
文法句型
convention + of + [people/profession]
convention + for + [purpose]
用法筆記
Frequently modified by a profession or group name (teachers' convention, medical convention, party convention). Often preceded by annual, national, or international.
常見錯誤
2. An event where enthusiasts of a particular television show, film, book, game, or
同好會；展覽
粉絲以特定作品為主題的大型聚會
An event where enthusiasts of a particular television show, film, book, game, or related interest come together to celebrate it, buy merchandise, and often meet people involved in its creation.
Feng spent the whole weekend at the anime convention dressed as his favorite character.
Feng 打扮成他最喜歡的角色，整個週末都待在動漫展上。
[genre] convention + dressed as character
The Star Wars convention in Tokyo attracted fans from all over East Asia.
在東京舉辦的星際大戰粉絲大會吸引了來自東亞各地的粉絲。
Putri met the voice actor of her favourite cartoon character at the comic convention.
Putri 在漫畫展上見到了她最喜歡的卡通角色的配音演員。
Thousands of gamers queued up outside the convention hall before the doors opened at nine.
九點開門前，數千名玩家就已經在展覽廳外排起了長隊。
- expo
More product- and business-oriented; less emphasis on fan community
- fan meet-up
Smaller and less organized than a convention
文法句型
[genre/media] + convention
用法筆記
Commonly preceded by the name of the franchise, genre, or medium (comic convention, anime convention, gaming convention). Contrast with sense 1 — this sense is hobby- and fan-oriented rather than professional or political.
常見錯誤
3. An accepted and expected way of behaving within a community, usually followed wi
慣例；習俗
社會中普遍接受的行為方式
An accepted and expected way of behaving within a community, usually followed without conscious thought because it has long been considered normal or polite.
It is a social convention to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time in many Western countries.
在許多西方國家，初次見面時握手是一種社交慣例。
it is a [social] convention to + [verb]
Tanvi found it difficult to adjust to the local conventions when she moved to a new country for work.
Tanvi 搬去一個新國家工作時，發現很難適應當地的習俗。
The convention of wearing a suit and tie to business meetings is becoming less common in some industries.
在商業會議上穿西裝打領帶的慣例，在某些行業已變得越來越少見。
By convention, the oldest member of the committee sits at the head of the table.
按照慣例，委員會中年紀最長的成員坐在桌子前端。
- custom
More specific to a particular group or place; may be stronger or more formal
- tradition
Implies longer history and stronger emotional or cultural value
- norm
Describes what is statistically average or typical, not necessarily a rule
- etiquette
Specifically about polite or correct behavior in formal settings
- rebellion
Active rejection of social conventions
- innovation
New way of doing things that breaks from convention
文法句型
it is a convention to + [verb]
[social] convention of + [verb]-ing
by convention
用法筆記
Often refers to unwritten social expectations rather than legal requirements. Distinguish from sense 5, where convention means a written, legally binding agreement between states.
常見錯誤
4. A widely used technique, style, or way of representing something in a particular
慣用手法
藝術或文學中的傳統表現方式
A widely used technique, style, or way of representing something in a particular form of art, literature, theatre, or film that most creators in that tradition follow.
In medieval paintings, the convention of showing holy figures with a golden halo was very common.
在中世紀的繪畫中，用金色光環來表現神聖人物的手法非常普遍。
convention of + [verb]-ing in art
The director broke the convention of having a happy ending and let the film finish on a sad note.
那位導演打破了圓滿結局的慣例，讓電影以哀傷的方式收尾。
Using a chorus to comment on the action is a convention that dates back to ancient Greek plays.
使用合唱團來評論劇情，是自古希臘戲劇時期就有的傳統手法。
Élise challenged the convention of this genre by setting her novel in a futuristic desert instead of a city.
Élise 挑戰了這類作品的常規，將她的故事背景設定在未來的沙漠中而非城市。
- innovation
A new technique that departs from established conventions
文法句型
[artistic/literary] convention
convention of + [verb]-ing
用法筆記
Restricted to discussions of artistic and literary traditions. Contrast with sense 3 — this sense is domain-specific and refers to how things are represented, not how people behave in daily life.
常見錯誤
5. A written agreement signed by several nations or governments that establishes ru
公約
國家間就共同事務達成的正式協議
A written agreement signed by several nations or governments that establishes rules or standards on a matter of shared concern, such as human rights, trade, or the environment.
The Geneva Convention sets international standards for the treatment of prisoners during wartime.
《日內瓦公約》制定了戰時對待戰俘的國際標準。
The [Name] Convention sets standards for [topic]
More than one hundred nations have signed the international convention on climate change.
超過一百個國家簽署了關於氣候變遷的國際公約。
sign a convention on [topic]
Tyler argued that the new trade convention would benefit both economies in the long run.
Tyler 認為新的貿易公約長期而言將對雙方經濟都有利。
The convention on children's rights has been ratified by almost every country in the world.
關於兒童權利的公約已獲得世界上幾乎所有國家的批准。
- treaty
Often bilateral and more specific; not always multilateral like a convention
- pact
Slightly less formal; can be between smaller groups or for limited purposes
- accord
Emphasises harmony and mutual benefit; may be broader in scope
- protocol
A supplementary agreement to an existing convention, often more technical
文法句型
convention on + [topic]
convention + between + [nations]
ratify/sign a convention
用法筆記
A written, legally binding agreement between states, often multilateral. Frequently capitalized as part of a proper name (the Geneva Convention, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea). Distinguish from sense 3, which refers to unwritten social customs.