dirty
dirty — 形容詞
1. having a surface covered with unwanted matter like earth, soot, or leftover food
骯髒的
沾滿灰塵、泥土等污物
having a surface covered with unwanted matter like earth, soot, or leftover food; also describes environments where the air or water contains harmful particles or bacteria.
Gabriel's white shirt got dirty when he fell off his bicycle on the muddy path.
Gabriel 的白襯衫在泥濘小路上騎腳踏車摔倒時弄得骯髒不堪。
collocation: get dirty + cause
Ada had to scrub the kitchen floor twice because it was so dirty with grease and crumbs.
Ada 得把廚房地板刷洗兩次，因為上面沾滿了油膩和食物碎屑。
dirty with [substance]
After the storm, the river turned brown and looked dirty because of all the soil washed into it.
暴風雨過後，河水因為夾帶大量泥沙而變成棕色，看起來很髒。
The air in the old warehouse was dirty with smoke and tiny metal dust from broken machines.
舊倉庫裡的空氣充滿了煙塵和破機器散出的細小金屬粉末。
Noor refused to put on the dirty socks that had been lying under her bed all week.
Noor 不肯穿上那雙在床底下放了一整星期的髒襪子。
用法筆記
Common with the preposition 'with' to name the substance causing the dirt. Can describe both objects (clothes, floors) and natural elements (air, water).
常見錯誤
2. involving behaviour that is morally wrong, breaks accepted rules, or treats othe
卑鄙的
違反道德或規則的行為
involving behaviour that is morally wrong, breaks accepted rules, or treats others badly in order to gain an advantage.
Camille received a red card for a dirty tackle that hurt her opponent on purpose.
Camille 因為蓄意傷害對手的惡劣鏟球而收到紅牌。
dirty tackle (sports)
Adisa discovered that his business partner had been making dirty deals behind his back.
Adisa 發現他的合夥人在背後偷偷進行不誠實的交易。
dirty deals (business)
Some companies use dirty tricks to avoid paying taxes by hiding their money offshore.
有些公司靠骯髒的手段將資金藏在海外來逃避稅款。
It was a dirty move to steal credit for the project that Indra had worked on alone.
把 Indra 獨力完成的專案功勞搶走，真是卑鄙之舉。
Jin felt sick after losing the election because of all the dirty rumours spread about him.
Jin 因為選舉期間有人四處散布關於他的骯髒謠言而感到痛心。
用法筆記
Common in sports (dirty tackle, dirty play), business (dirty deal), and politics (dirty campaign). Frequently used in fixed noun phrases like 'dirty trick' and 'dirty work'.
常見錯誤
3. describing sexual content that is intended to cause shock, embarrassment, or off
下流的
涉及性而令人反感
describing sexual content that is intended to cause shock, embarrassment, or offence among those who hear or see it, especially in speech, humour, or pictures.
The manager was fired for telling dirty jokes that made several colleagues feel uncomfortable.
那位經理因為講黃色笑話讓好幾位同事感到不舒服而被開除。
dirty jokes
Anjali reported her co-worker to HR for sending dirty messages on the office chat system.
Anjali 向人事部門檢舉同事在公司聊天系統上傳送猥褻訊息。
The TV network removed the show because it contained dirty language unsuitable for young viewers.
電視台因為節目中含有不適合兒童觀看的下流語言而下架該節目。
Lisa warned her friend not to repeat such dirty stories during the family dinner party.
Lisa 告誡她的朋友不要在家庭晚宴上重複那些低級故事。
用法筆記
Strongly negative register. Avoid using in formal, professional, or polite company. Often appears in complaints, ratings warnings, or descriptions of banned content.
4. describes food that is very tasty but contains large amounts of fat, salt, or su
罪惡的
美味但高熱量的食物
describes food that is very tasty but contains large amounts of fat, salt, or sugar, making it an unhealthy choice — often associated with extra toppings like cheese, sauce, or bacon.
After exams Christopher treated himself to a dirty burger piled high with melted cheese and bacon.
考試結束後，Christopher 點了一份堆滿融化起司和培根的罪惡漢堡來犒賞自己。
dirty burger (collocation)
Nila knew the pizza was dirty with extra pepperoni and cheese, but she ordered it anyway.
Nila 知道那片披薩加了額外的義式臘腸和起司，熱量很高，但她還是點了。
dirty with [topping]
The menu offered dirty loaded fries topped with sour cream, cheese sauce, and chopped spring onions.
菜單上有一道放縱的脆薯，上面淋了酸奶油、起司醬和切碎的青蔥。
Camila craved something dirty for dinner, so she ordered a fried chicken sandwich with creamy sauce.
Camila 晚餐想吃點放縱的美食，於是點了一份炸雞三明治配奶油醬汁。
用法筆記
Informal food culture term common in blog posts, menus, and casual reviews. Often pairs with specific dish names (dirty burger, dirty fries, dirty pizza). Never used in formal nutritional or medical contexts.
5. describes a colour that has lost its original brightness or clarity, often appea
暗沉的
顏色不鮮明、不清澈
describes a colour that has lost its original brightness or clarity, often appearing faded, cloudy, or mixed with grey or brown.
The old living-room curtains had faded to a dirty grey that did not match the walls anymore.
客廳的舊窗簾已經褪成暗沉的灰色，跟牆壁的顏色完全不搭了。
dirty grey (colour compound)
Adisa painted over the dirty yellow walls because the colour made the kitchen feel dark and cramped.
Adisa 把暗黃色的牆壁重新粉刷，因為那個顏色讓廚房感覺陰暗又狹窄。
The white paint on the garden bench turned a dirty brown after years of rain and mud.
花園長椅上的白漆經過多年風吹雨淋，變成了暗沉的棕色。
Jin chose a clean bright blue for the bedroom instead of the dirty green that was there before.
Jin 為臥室選了明亮的藍色，而不是之前那種暗沉的綠色。
用法筆記
Almost always combined with a colour name (dirty white, dirty grey, dirty yellow) to describe a shade that contains a hint of another colour or lacks purity. Not used alone.
dirty — 副詞
1. used before the adjectives 'great' or 'big' to add emphasis, meaning extremely l
非常；極度
英式俚語，強調巨大
used before the adjectives 'great' or 'big' to add emphasis, meaning extremely large in size or degree.
Gabriel pulled a dirty great suitcase out of the boot of his car at the airport.
Gabriel 在機場從後車廂拉出一個非常巨大的行李箱。
dirty great + noun (British informal)
A dirty big hole appeared in the middle of the road after the pipe burst underground.
地下水管爆裂後，馬路中央出現了一個好大的洞。
Darius spotted a dirty big spider crawling across the bathroom wall and screamed for his brother.
Darius 看到浴室牆上有一隻好大的蜘蛛爬過來，嚇得大叫哥哥來幫忙。
Mauricio had to climb over a dirty great pile of rocks that was blocking the mountain trail.
Mauricio 必須爬過一大堆岩石，因為那堆石頭擋住了登山步道。
文法句型
dirty + great + noun
dirty + big + noun
用法筆記
Chiefly British informal. Only usable before the adjectives 'great', 'big', or 'great big' to emphasise size. Never used in formal writing or American English. Not productive with other adjectives.
dirty — 動詞
1. to add unwanted matter like earth, soot, or colouring to the surface of an objec
弄髒
使物體表面不乾淨
to add unwanted matter like earth, soot, or colouring to the surface of an object, making it no longer clean.
Noor dirtied her new white trainers while walking home through the muddy park.
Noor 穿過泥濘的公園回家時，把她那雙全新的白布鞋弄髒了。
dirty + clothing
Please take off your shoes at the door so you do not dirty the clean kitchen floor.
請在門口脫鞋，才不會把乾淨的廚房地板弄髒。
imperative: do not dirty [surface]
The smoke from the old factory had dirtied the white curtains in every nearby house.
舊工廠排放的煙霧把附近每戶人家的白窗簾都燻髒了。
Gabriel dirtied his favourite shirt while fixing the old car engine in the garage.
Gabriel 在車庫修理那台舊汽車引擎時，弄髒了他最喜歡的襯衫。
文法句型
dirty + noun phrase
用法筆記
Typically transitive — requires a direct object. Common objects include body parts (hands), clothing, and surfaces. The intransitive use ('The shirt dirties easily') is rare in modern English; 'gets dirty' is preferred.