dump

dump — 動詞

1. to put something down or let it fall in a careless, hasty, or untidy way, often

1.動詞及物B1
釋義

亂放；亂扔

隨意或粗心地放下物品

to put something down or let it fall in a careless, hasty, or untidy way, often without care for order or tidiness.

例句

Pim dumped his school bag on the floor and raced to the kitchen.

Pim 把書包亂扔在地上，然後衝進廚房。

dump + object + on/onto + surface

A lorry dumped a load of gravel onto the driveway this morning.

今早一輛卡車把一車碎石隨意倒在車道上。

同義詞
  • drop

    less forceful; can be accidental or intentional

  • toss

    implies throwing, often with less emphasis on the landing place

  • plonk

    British, informal; putting something down heavily and noisily

反義詞
  • place

    careful, deliberate positioning

  • arrange

    putting things in order, the opposite of careless dumping

文法句型

dump + object + prepositional phrase

用法筆記

Commonly used with prepositions of place such as on, onto, into, and behind to indicate where something is put down.

常見錯誤

❌He dumped carefully the books on the shelf.
✅He placed the books carefully on the shelf.
💡dump always implies a careless or rough action, so it does not fit with carefully.

2. to throw away unwanted materials such as household rubbish or industrial waste i

2.動詞及物B1
釋義

傾倒；丟棄

在非許可地點任意丟棄廢物

to throw away unwanted materials such as household rubbish or industrial waste in a spot that is not meant for that purpose, often secretly and against regulations.

例句

Nila discovered that someone had dumped old tyres in the forest near her house.

Nila 發現有人把舊輪胎傾倒在她家附近的樹林裡。

dump + object + in/at + illegal location

Companies that dump toxic waste into rivers can be taken to court.

將有毒廢棄物傾倒進河裡的公司可能會被起訴。

同義詞
  • discard

    more formal; does not necessarily imply illegality

  • dispose of

    neutral term; proper or improper disposal

  • jettison

    formal; throwing items overboard or abandoning them

反義詞
  • recycle

    treating waste to be reused, the opposite of dumping it

  • keep

    retain instead of throwing away

文法句型

dump + object + location

用法筆記

Subject is typically a person or company; the location is often specified with prepositions such as in, at, or into. Frequently used in legal and environmental contexts.

常見錯誤

❌I dumped the empty bottle in the recycling bin.
✅I put the empty bottle in the recycling bin.
💡dump suggests improper or careless disposal, not correct recycling.

3. to sell a large quantity of goods in a foreign market at a price far below the u

3.動詞及物B2
釋義

傾銷

低價傾銷商品至海外市場

to sell a large quantity of goods in a foreign market at a price far below the usual market rate, often to reduce surplus stock or to harm local producers.

例句

The steel manufacturer was accused of dumping cheap metal in Asian markets.

這家鋼鐵製造商被指控在亞洲市場傾銷廉價鋼材。

dump + goods + in/on + market (trade context)

Trade agreements are designed to prevent countries from dumping subsidised grain abroad.

貿易協定的目的是防止各國在海外傾銷補貼穀物。

同義詞
  • flood the market

    idiom; to fill a market with products at low prices

  • undersell

    sell at a lower price than competitors, not necessarily abroad

反義詞
  • withhold

    keep goods off the market instead of selling cheaply

  • price fairly

    set a reasonable market price

文法句型

dump + goods + on/in + market

用法筆記

Primarily used in economics and trade policy. Related noun dumping refers to this practice. Often carries negative connotations of unfair competition.

常見錯誤

❌The shop dumped old phones at half price.
✅The shop sold old phones at half price.
💡dump in this sense specifically means selling large quantities abroad cheaply, not a local sale.

4. to copy or transfer data from a main computer system or memory to another storag

4.動詞及物B1
釋義

轉存；匯出

將電腦資料移至儲存裝置

to copy or transfer data from a main computer system or memory to another storage device, such as a hard drive, USB stick, or printer, or to a file format for backup or analysis.

例句

Wren dumped the database to an external hard drive for safekeeping.

Wren 把資料庫轉存到外接硬碟以策安全。

dump + data + to + storage device

The technician dumped the error log to a text file before restarting the server.

技術人員在重新啟動伺服器之前，先把錯誤紀錄匯出到一個文字檔。

同義詞
  • copy

    general term; does not imply bulk or raw format

  • export

    save data in a different format for external use

  • back up

    make a copy for safety purposes

反義詞
  • delete

    remove data rather than copy it

  • import

    bring data into a system

  • load

    transfer data into active memory

文法句型

dump + object + to/onto + device

用法筆記

In informal computing contexts, dump can mean simply copying data, but in professional usage it often implies a bulk or raw transfer without formatting.

常見錯誤

❌I dumped the file to the printer.
✅I sent the file to the printer.
💡dump for printing is rare; use dump mainly for data backup or logs.

5. to stop seeing a dating partner by telling them the relationship is over, typica

5.動詞及物B1
釋義

甩掉；分手

突然結束一段戀愛關係

to stop seeing a dating partner by telling them the relationship is over, typically doing it without warning or gentle explanation.

例句

Lotte dumped her boyfriend after he forgot her birthday twice in a row.

Lotte 甩掉了她的男朋友，因為他一連兩次忘了她的生日。

Pim still felt upset months after his girlfriend dumped him by text message.

Pim 被女朋友用簡訊甩掉之後，難過了幾個月。

passive: be dumped + by + person

同義詞
  • break up with

    neutral; can be mutual or one-sided

  • leave

    broader; can apply to any relationship or situation

  • finish with

    British informal; similar register to dump

反義詞
  • date

    begin or continue seeing someone romantically

  • stay together

    continue the relationship

文法句型

dump + person

用法筆記

Informal and somewhat harsh in tone. In more neutral or polite contexts, end the relationship or break up with is preferred.

常見錯誤

❌She dumped him after twenty years of happy marriage.
✅She divorced him after twenty years of marriage.
💡dump implies a dating relationship, not a marriage ending through legal divorce.

6. during a game such as rugby or American football, to give the ball to a teammate

6.動詞及物B1
釋義

短傳

在球賽中近距離傳球給隊友

during a game such as rugby or American football, to give the ball to a teammate standing nearby, usually with a quick short throw while under pressure from the opposing side.

例句

Zuri dumped the ball to Maja, who sprinted toward the goal line.

Zuri 把球短傳給 Maja，Maja 隨即朝球門衝刺。

The quarterback dumped a short pass to the running back to avoid being tackled.

四分衛短傳給跑鋒，以避免被擒抱。

dump + a + (short) pass + to + player

同義詞
  • pass

    general term; can be any distance

  • feed

    informal in sports; passing to set up a play

  • offload

    rugby-specific; passing while being tackled

反義詞
  • hold

    keep possession instead of passing

  • shoot

    attempt to score instead of passing

文法句型

dump + object + to + person

用法筆記

Used in various team sports including rugby, American football, and Australian rules football. The common element is a short, quick pass under pressure rather than a long or strategic play.

常見錯誤

❌The goalkeeper dumped the ball to the striker.
✅The goalkeeper kicked the ball to the striker.
💡dump is not used for a long kick in soccer; it refers to a short, controlled pass typically under pressure.

7. in the sport of ice hockey, sending the puck with a hard hit deep into the secti

7.動詞及物
釋義

冰球長傳

冰球中將球猛擊進入對方區域

in the sport of ice hockey, sending the puck with a hard hit deep into the section of the rink that the opposing team controls, often as a planned move to change the team's attacking position.

例句

Ryo dumped the puck into the far corner of the rink.

Ryo 將冰球長傳到球場遠端的角落。

dump + the puck + into [location]

Kwame dumped the puck deep instead of trying to cross the blue line.

Kwame 選擇長傳冰球到對方陣地深處，而不是試圖帶球越過藍線。

dump the puck deep [adverb after object]

同義詞
  • shoot

    more general; does not specify the strategic deep-zone intent

文法句型

dump + the puck + adverb (deep / into the zone)

用法筆記

Frequently used with adverbs like 'deep' or prepositional phrases indicating direction ('into the zone', 'toward the corner'). This tactic is called a 'dump-and-chase' play.

8. in the game of golf, striking the ball so that it lands in a hazard on the cours

8.動詞及物
釋義

擊入障礙

高爾夫中將球打進水塘或沙坑等障礙區

in the game of golf, striking the ball so that it lands in a hazard on the course, such as a pond, stream, or a sand-filled bunker near the green.

例句

Darius dumped his tee shot into the pond on the left side of the fairway.

Darius 將他的開球打進了球道左側的水塘裡。

dump + tee shot + into [hazard]

Élise dumped the ball into a bunker right next to the green.

Élise 把球打進了果嶺旁邊的沙坑裡。

同義詞
  • land

    neutral; does not carry the accidental or unlucky tone

  • drop

    can overlap but less specific to hazards

文法句型

dump + the ball + into [hazard]

用法筆記

Used informally by golfers to describe an unplanned or unlucky shot into a hazard. The subject can be the golfer (agentive) or the wind (non-agentive cause).

9. in the sport of volleyball, pushing or sending the ball across the net with both

9.動詞及物
釋義

二次吊球

排球第二觸直接推球過網

in the sport of volleyball, pushing or sending the ball across the net with both hands on the second team contact, instead of passing it to a hitter for a spike.

例句

Mauricio surprised the defence when he dumped the ball across the net.

Mauricio 突然二次吊球越過網子，讓對方防守措手不及。

dump + the ball + across the net

The setter, Kasia, decided to dump the ball into an open spot on the court.

舉球員 Kasia 決定二次吊球，把球送到場上空缺的位置。

文法句型

dump + the ball + across the net

用法筆記

The subject is usually the setter, who normally passes to a hitter. The dump is unexpected and aims to catch the defence off guard.

10. to strike a person or thing with great force, causing them to fall to the ground

10.動詞及物
釋義

擊倒；摔倒

用力將人或物打倒在地上

to strike a person or thing with great force, causing them to fall to the ground or floor.

例句

Mauricio dumped his opponent onto the wrestling mat with a powerful throw.

Mauricio 用一記強力的摔技把對手摔倒在摔角墊上。

dump + person + onto [surface]

The storm dumped the old wooden fence flat across the garden path.

暴風雨把木頭圍籬整片吹倒，橫躺在花園小徑上。

同義詞
  • knock down

    more common and neutral; 'dump' adds a sense of forceful, sometimes aggressive action

  • floor

    similar register but emphasises the result (being on the floor)

  • tackle

    sports-specific; implies bringing someone down by grabbing rather than striking

文法句型

dump + [person/object] + to/onto [surface]

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 1 (DROP CARELESSLY): sense 1 implies careless placement without force, while sense 10 implies deliberate or forceful knocking down.

常見錯誤

❌He dumped the bag onto the table' (meaning he dropped it carelessly).
✅He dumped his opponent to the ground
💡sense 10 requires forceful action that causes a fall, not careless placement.

11. to move downward suddenly and steeply, especially in a way that feels fast or un

11.動詞不及物
釋義

驟降；暴跌

突然急速地向下掉落

to move downward suddenly and steeply, especially in a way that feels fast or uncontrolled.

例句

The helicopter dumped suddenly when the engine began to fail.

直升機的引擎開始故障時，機身突然急速下墜。

dump + adverb: sudden vertical drop

Stock prices dumped after the bank announced its unexpected losses.

那家銀行宣布出乎預期的虧損後，股價應聲暴跌。

dump: financial prices fall sharply

同義詞
  • plunge

    more dramatic and formal; implies a deliberate or catastrophic fall

  • drop

    neutral and much more common; 'dump' is informal and less frequent

反義詞
  • rise

    general opposite of falling

文法句型

dump + adverb (suddenly / steeply / abruptly)

用法筆記

Intransitive only. Subject is typically a vehicle, a price or market, or a terrain feature (road, slope). Not used with a direct object in this sense.

常見錯誤

❌The pilot dumped the plane' (wrong — this would mean sense 10, knocking it down).
✅The plane dumped suddenly
💡sense 11 is intransitive; the thing falls by itself.

dump — 名詞