hawk
hawk — 名詞
1. A large wild bird that hunts and eats small animals and other birds. It has very
鷹
一種捕食小型動物的猛禽
A large wild bird that hunts and eats small animals and other birds. It has very sharp eyesight, a short curved beak, and strong claws for catching its prey.
A hawk circled high above the field, watching for movement in the grass.
一隻鷹在田野上空高高盤旋，觀察草叢中有沒有動靜。
typical scene: hunting from above
Mei-Lin spotted a hawk sitting on the power line near her school.
Mei-Lin 發現有一隻鷹停在她學校附近的電線上。
The farmer put up a scarecrow to keep hawks away from his chickens.
農夫豎起了一個稻草人，防止鷹來抓他的雞。
With its sharp eyes, the hawk could see a mouse from half a kilometre away.
那隻鷹用銳利的雙眼，能從半公里外看見一隻老鼠。
A large hawk swooped down from the tree and grabbed a snake in its claws.
一隻大鷹從樹上俯衝下來，用爪子抓住了一條蛇。
2. Someone — often in politics — who argues that using armed force is the right way
鷹派
主張用武力解決政治問題的人
Someone — often in politics — who argues that using armed force is the right way to settle disagreements between countries, instead of talking or negotiating.
The party's hawks called for a stronger military response to the border dispute.
該黨的鷹派人士呼籲對邊界爭端採取更強硬的軍事回應。
political context: military vs diplomacy
Sivan argued that the hawks in congress were pushing the country toward an unnecessary war.
Sivan 認為國會中的鷹派正在把國家推向一場不必要的戰爭。
Negotiations failed partly because the hawks on both sides refused to give ground.
談判之所以失敗，部分原因是雙方鷹派都不肯讓步。
The president was seen as a hawk on defence but a moderate on trade issues.
這位總統在國防議題上是鷹派，但在貿易問題上屬於溫和派。
- hardliner
someone who refuses to compromise on any policy, not limited to military matters
- militarist
someone who believes a strong military is the most important national priority
- warmonger
a more negative word for someone who actively wants war
用法筆記
Often contrasted with dove, which describes someone who favours peace and negotiation over military action.
常見錯誤
hawk — 動詞
1. To sell something in a public place such as a street or market, often by calling
叫賣
在街頭大聲販售商品
To sell something in a public place such as a street or market, often by calling out loudly to attract buyers.
Street vendors hawked fresh fruit and vegetables from wooden carts at the corner market.
街頭小販在市場角落的木頭推車上大聲叫賣新鮮水果和蔬菜。
hawk + goods + at/in/on + place
Renata spent the summer hawking handmade jewellery to tourists on the beach.
Renata 整個夏天都在海灘上向遊客叫賣手工首飾。
A young man stood at the entrance hawking tickets for the evening concert.
一個年輕人站在入口處叫賣晚間音樂會的門票。
The fish seller hawked his catch in a loud voice so everyone could hear.
魚販用洪亮的聲音大聲叫賣他的漁獲，讓每個人都聽得到。
文法句型
hawk + goods
hawk + goods + in/at/on + place
hawk for + price
常見錯誤
2. To hunt wild animals or birds using a trained hawk or other bird of prey, a trad
放鷹狩獵
用訓練過的鷹進行捕獵
To hunt wild animals or birds using a trained hawk or other bird of prey, a traditional outdoor sport known as falconry.
The noble family used to hawk in the forests around their castle every autumn.
那個貴族家族每年秋天都會在城堡周圍的森林裡放鷹狩獵。
historical context: traditional sport
Aylin learnt to hawk from her grandfather, who kept three trained falcons.
Aylin 跟她的祖父學會了放鷹狩獵，祖父養了三隻受過訓練的獵鷹。
In some parts of Central Asia, people still hawk for food rather than for sport.
在中亞某些地區，人們仍然為了獲取食物而放鷹狩獵，並非為了運動。
The group went hawking at dawn, each rider carrying a hooded bird on their arm.
那群人在黎明時出發去放鷹狩獵，每個騎手的手臂上都托著一隻戴頭罩的獵鳥。
- falcon
a related verb used when the trained bird is specifically a falcon rather than a hawk
文法句型
go hawking
hawk for + prey
用法筆記
The formal name for this activity is falconry. The verb is most commonly used in the form go hawking.
常見錯誤
3. To make a rough, loud sound when trying to clear mucus or an obstruction from yo
清喉嚨
用力清嗓子發出粗聲
To make a rough, loud sound when trying to clear mucus or an obstruction from your throat, sometimes followed by spitting.
The old man hawked loudly and spat into his handkerchief.
那個老人大聲清了清喉嚨，然後往手帕裡吐痰。
informal: hawked and spat sequence
Harper hawked several times during the lecture, distracting the students sitting nearby.
Harper 在課堂上用力清了幾次喉嚨，干擾了坐在附近的學生。
After running in cold air for an hour, Christopher stood hawking at the finish line.
Christopher 在冷空氣中跑了一個小時後，站在終點線旁大聲清著喉嚨。
The doctor told him to stop hawking and drink warm water to soothe his throat.
醫生要他不要再用力清喉嚨，改喝溫水來舒緩喉嚨。
- clear one's throat
more polite and general; does not imply a loud or rough sound
- cough up
focuses on bringing phlegm up from the chest rather than the throat
文法句型
hawk + adverb (loudly, noisily)
hawk and spit