texture
texture — 動詞
1. to give a surface a rough, bumpy, or patterned feel instead of leaving it flat a
賦予質感
使表面呈現粗糙、凹凸或紋理效果
to give a surface a rough, bumpy, or patterned feel instead of leaving it flat and smooth
Asher textured the clay pot with a wooden tool before putting it in the kiln.
Asher 在把陶罐放進窯燒之前，用木製工具在表面刻出紋理。
textured with [tool] for craft context
The builders textured the plaster wall using a special roller to create a pattern.
建築工人用特殊的滾筒在灰泥牆上壓出花紋。
passive: textured wall as common construction term
Élise textured the cake batter with a fork to create ridges before baking.
Élise 在烘烤前用叉子在蛋糕麵糊上劃出紋路。
Walid textured the ceiling by pressing a damp sponge onto the wet paint layer.
Walid 趁油漆層還濕的時候，用濕海綿按壓天花板做出紋理。
The path was textured with small stones pressed into the concrete while it was wet.
這條小徑在水泥未乾時壓入小石頭，形成了粗糙的表面。
- smooth
the direct opposite action of removing bumps or roughness from a surface
文法句型
texture + noun phrase
textured + noun (as adjective)
用法筆記
Very common in passive form or as an adjective (a textured surface, textured paint). Often appears with by or with to describe the tool or material used.
常見錯誤
2. to arrange different instruments or vocal parts together so that the overall mus
編排音層
組合不同樂器或聲部，使音樂聽起來更豐富
to arrange different instruments or vocal parts together so that the overall musical sound has depth and richness
Gabriela textured the band's new song with layered guitar tracks and soft piano chords.
Gabriela 在這首樂團新歌中疊入多層吉他音軌和柔和的鋼琴和弦，豐富了歌曲的層次。
textured + with + [instruments]
The composer textured the film score by mixing orchestral strings with electronic beats.
這位作曲家把管弦樂器與電子節拍融合在一起，為電影配樂增添了豐富的音色。
textured by mixing [elements A] with [elements B]
Diego textured the chorus by adding four-part vocal harmonies to the main melody.
Diego 在副歌中加入四部和聲，讓主旋律聽起來更有層次。
The piece was textured with woodwinds during the quiet section and brass during the climax.
這首曲子以木管樂器鋪陳寧靜段落，到了高潮處則以銅管樂器營造磅礡氣勢。
- layer
less formal, focuses on stacking sounds on top of each other
- orchestrate
broader term for arranging all parts of a musical piece, not only layering
- simplify
reducing the number of instruments or musical elements in a piece
文法句型
texture + noun phrase + with + noun phrase
textured + noun phrase
用法筆記
Mostly used in music criticism and production contexts. The subject is typically a composer, producer, or arranger. Often paired with with to list the instruments added.
常見錯誤
3. to cover a virtual three-dimensional object in computer graphics with a surface
貼上紋理
在電腦3D模型上添加表面圖案或影像
to cover a virtual three-dimensional object in computer graphics with a surface pattern or digital image so that it appears more realistic
Lucas textured the old house model with a brick pattern and cracked plaster.
Lucas 為老房子的 3D 模型貼上了磚牆紋理和斑駁的灰泥。
textured [model] with [pattern]
Ayesha textured the character's skin in the animation software to make it look more realistic.
Ayesha 在動畫軟體中為角色的皮膚加上紋理，讓它看起來更逼真。
The virtual room floor was textured with wooden planks and nail holes.
這間虛擬房間的地板貼上了木板紋理，還帶有釘孔的細節。
The artist textured the car model by adding a shiny metallic finish to every panel.
這位藝術家為汽車模型每個鈑件都加上金屬光澤的表面。
文法句型
texture + noun phrase + with + noun phrase
textured + noun phrase
用法筆記
Common in game design, animation, and 3D modelling. The object is always a digital or virtual object. Often used in the passive to describe the finished appearance of a model.
常見錯誤
4. to give a piece of writing, speech, or other creative work greater richness or i
增添深度
加入多元元素，使作品更豐富有趣
to give a piece of writing, speech, or other creative work greater richness or interest by including a variety of elements
The novelist textured the story with details drawn from her own travels across Southeast Asia.
這位小說家將自己在東南亞旅行的見聞融入故事中，為情節增添了層次。
textured [work] with [source material]
The director textured the play with short comic scenes between the serious dramatic moments.
導演在嚴肅的戲劇橋段之間穿插輕鬆的喜劇場景，讓整齣戲更有深度。
A good teacher textures a lesson with real-life examples and stories from different cultures.
好的老師會在課堂中加入生活實例和各國的故事，讓教學內容更豐富。
His speech was textured with personal stories about growing up in a small fishing village.
他的演說中穿插了在小漁村長大的個人故事，使內容更有溫度。
- flatten
making something less interesting or less complex, the opposite of adding depth
文法句型
texture + noun phrase + with + noun phrase
用法筆記
Figurative extension of the physical sense. Common in arts and literary criticism. The subject is typically a creator (writer, director, speaker) and the object is the work itself.
常見錯誤
texture — 名詞
1. A surface's tactile quality as perceived by your hand — whether it strikes you a
質地
物體表面的觸感特質
A surface's tactile quality as perceived by your hand — whether it strikes you as rough, smooth, soft, hard, or anything in between.
The old stone wall had a rough, bumpy texture that felt cold to the touch.
那面老舊石牆質地粗糙不平，摸起來冰冷。
collocation: rough/bumpy/smooth texture
Apinya ran her fingers over the silk scarf, enjoying its incredibly smooth texture.
Apinya 的手指滑過那條絲巾，享受它極其光滑的質地。
The texture of fresh snow is soft and powdery when you walk on it.
新雪的質地柔軟蓬鬆，踩在上面很舒服。
This clay has a sticky texture that changes when water is added.
這種黏土質地黏稠，加水之後就會改變。
Charlotte chose the wallpaper for its slightly pebbled texture that felt warm.
Charlotte 選擇這款壁紙是因為它表面略有鵝卵石紋理，摸起來很溫暖。
文法句型
[adjective] + texture
texture + of + noun phrase
常見錯誤
2. The physical feeling of a food or drink in your mouth as you eat it, such as whe
口感
食物在口中的觸感
The physical feeling of a food or drink in your mouth as you eat it, such as whether it is creamy, crunchy, chewy, or smooth.
The creamy texture of the mushroom soup made it feel rich and filling.
蘑菇湯口感濃郁滑順，喝起來很有飽足感。
collocation: creamy/smooth/velvety texture (food)
Ishaan prefers ice cream that has a thick, velvety texture without ice crystals.
Ishaan 比較喜歡質地厚實、如絲絨般的冰淇淋，不要有冰晶。
Overcooked pasta loses its firm texture and becomes soft and unpleasant.
義大利麵煮過頭會失去原有的紮實口感，變得軟爛不好吃。
A fresh apple has a crisp, juicy texture that many people enjoy biting into.
新鮮蘋果咬起來口感爽脆多汁，很多人都喜歡。
Heloísa added yogurt to the cake batter to give it a softer, moister texture.
Heloísa 在蛋糕糊裡加了優格，讓蛋糕口感更柔軟濕潤。
- mouthfeel
more technical term used in food science and wine tasting
- consistency
focuses on thickness or firmness rather than the full mouthfeel experience
文法句型
[adjective] + texture
texture + of + food/drink
用法筆記
Often used to describe the mouthfeel of prepared foods, baked goods, and dishes. Pairs commonly with words like 'creamy', 'crunchy', 'chewy', 'crisp', and 'smooth'.
常見錯誤
3. The quality of food that holds small solid lumps or coarse pieces in it, giving
顆粒感
食物含粗硬顆粒的質感
The quality of food that holds small solid lumps or coarse pieces in it, giving a non-smooth, non-creamy mouthfeel.
The homemade orange marmalade had a chunky texture with strips of peel.
自製橘子果醬帶有塊狀口感，裡面還能吃到果皮絲。
collocation: chunky/lumpy/grainy texture
Some people enjoy the grainy texture of whole-grain mustard on a sandwich.
有些人喜歡全籽芥末醬的顆粒口感，抹在三明治上吃。
This tomato sauce keeps a rough texture because the vegetables are not blended fully.
這款番茄醬保留了粗糙的口感，因為蔬菜沒有完全攪碎。
Ife prefers crunchy peanut butter with nut pieces rather than the smooth version.
Ife 比較喜歡有花生顆粒的脆口花生醬，不愛滑順的那種。
- graininess
focuses on fine particles rather than larger pieces
- lumpiness
more informal; describes uneven distribution of pieces
- smoothness
the opposite quality — completely uniform with no visible pieces
文法句型
[adjective] + texture
texture + of + food noun
用法筆記
Commonly used to describe preserves, sauces, spreads, and drinks that contain visible pieces of fruit, nuts, or grains. This sense is narrower than sense 2 — it refers specifically to a non-smooth, piece-filled consistency.
4. How a wine sits on your tongue and palate — whether it feels heavy or light, ric
酒體
葡萄酒在口中的觸感與厚實度
How a wine sits on your tongue and palate — whether it feels heavy or light, rich or slick, velvety or oily.
This red wine has a smooth, velvety texture that coats the tongue gently.
這款紅酒酒體柔順如絲絨，輕輕包裹住舌尖。
collocation: smooth/velvety/silky/buttery texture (wine)
Élise described the wine as having a rich, buttery texture with subtle oak notes.
Élise 形容這款酒酒體飽滿油潤，帶有淡淡的橡木香。
The texture of a light white wine is often fresh and crisp on the palate.
輕白酒的酒體通常清新爽脆，入口十分清爽。
A well-aged wine develops a silky texture that experienced drinkers appreciate.
陳年好酒的酒體會變得如絲緞般順滑，老饕們非常欣賞。
文法句型
[adjective] + texture
wine + has + a/an + [adjective] + texture
用法筆記
A specialised term in wine tasting and evaluation. Frequently appears with adjectives like 'creamy', 'velvety', 'silky', 'buttery', and 'oily'. Distinguish from sense 2 (general food mouthfeel) — this sense is restricted to wine.
常見錯誤
5. The quality of hair that holds a style or has body, fullness, and shape rather t
髮質；髮感
頭髮的蓬鬆度與立體感
The quality of hair that holds a style or has body, fullness, and shape rather than lying completely flat and straight.
Aoi uses a salt spray to give her hair more texture and natural volume.
Aoi 使用海鹽噴霧來增加頭髮的紋理感和自然蓬度。
collocation: give/add/create texture (hair)
This layered haircut helps create texture so the hair does not lie flat.
這種多層次剪髮能增加髮感，讓頭髮不會塌塌的。
Short layers can add texture to fine hair that usually hangs straight.
短層次可以為原本細軟直順的頭髮增加立體感。
The hairdresser used a curling iron to put texture into Nellie's shoulder-length hair.
設計師用電棒為 Nellie 的肩上長髮增加了蓬鬆的線條感。
Products with sea salt are popular for giving wavy hair a beachy texture.
含有海鹽的造型產品很受歡迎，能讓微捲髮呈現出沙灘風的紋理感。
- flatness
the opposite of textured hair — lying smooth and close to the head
文法句型
[verb] + texture + to + hair
[adjective] + texture
用法筆記
Common in haircare product descriptions and styling advice. Unlike senses 1-4, this use of 'texture' is about the shape and movement of hair, not its surface feel.
常見錯誤
6. A digital image applied over a three-dimensional computer object to give its sur
紋理貼圖
電腦3D物體表面的圖案
A digital image applied over a three-dimensional computer object to give its surface a realistic look — for instance, the appearance of wood grain, stone, brick, or cloth.
The game designer added a rough stone texture to the castle walls in the scene.
遊戲設計師在城堡牆壁上加入了粗糙的石頭紋理貼圖。
add/apply [material] texture to a 3D model
Ilan applied a wood-grain texture to the table model to make it look authentic.
Ilan 為那張桌子的模型套上了木紋貼圖，讓它看起來更逼真。
A brick texture on a computer object can give it a more realistic appearance.
在電腦物件上套用磚紋貼圖，可以讓它的外觀更真實。
The artist created a scratched metal texture for the robot's outer shell.
美術設計師為機器人的外殼建立了刮痕金屬紋理。
Without a proper texture applied, the 3D model looks flat and artificial on screen.
3D 模型若沒有貼上適當的紋理，在螢幕上看起來會又平又假。
- surface map
more technical term; refers to the mathematical mapping rather than the visual image
- image map
specifically refers to the 2D image file applied to the 3D surface
文法句型
[verb] + [article] + [material] + texture + to/onto + [object]
texture + mapping
用法筆記
Primarily used in 3D graphics, video game development, computer animation, and architectural visualisation. In computing contexts, 'texture' is a countable noun (e.g., 'three textures were loaded').
7. the quality that a written work or musical composition has when its different pa
韻味；格調
文學或音樂作品的獨特風格
the quality that a written work or musical composition has when its different parts come together to produce a particular feeling or impression
The richness of texture in Élise's novel comes from her detailed descriptions of everyday life.
Élise 的小說韻味豐富，來自於她對日常生活細膩的描述。
texture + rich/richness — describing a literary work
The texture of the symphony changes dramatically when the brass instruments enter.
當銅管樂器加入時，交響樂的質感產生了明顯變化。
the texture of [music] — describing an orchestral work
Brandon felt that the short story lacked texture because every paragraph used the same tone.
Brandon 覺得那篇短篇小說缺乏韻味，因為每個段落都用同樣的語氣。
This composer is known for creating a dense musical texture with complex harmonies.
這位作曲家以運用複雜和聲創造出濃厚的音樂織體而聞名。
What gives Adisa's writing its distinctive texture is the mix of formal and informal language.
Adisa 的作品之所以具有獨特格調，在於其混合了正式與非正式的語言。
文法句型
the texture of [writing/music/work]
用法筆記
Almost always used in the singular. Commonly paired with adjectives such as 'rich', 'complex', 'layered', or 'dense'. Can apply to both written works (novels, essays, poetry) and musical compositions (symphonies, songs, pieces).
常見錯誤
8. the way that the smaller parts or materials that make up something are arranged
結構；組織
物體內部的排列與組成方式
the way that the smaller parts or materials that make up something are arranged or connected inside it, especially when this gives the thing its particular character
The tight texture of this cotton fabric makes it ideal for summer shirts.
這塊棉布緊密的組織結構使它很適合做夏季襯衫。
tight texture — describing fabric weave
Putri examined the sandy texture of the soil before planting her vegetable seeds.
Putri 在播種蔬菜種子前檢查了土壤的砂質結構。
the texture of [soil] — geological composition
The social texture of the neighbourhood changed after the new community centre opened.
新的社區中心啟用後，這個社區的社會結構發生了變化。
The internal texture of the granite revealed tiny crystals formed over millions of years.
花崗岩的內部結構顯示出數百萬年來形成的微小晶體。
Henrik studied the crystalline texture of the mineral sample under a powerful microscope.
Henrik 在強力顯微鏡下研究了礦物樣本的晶體結構。
- composition
more scientific, emphasises what something is made of
- structure
broader term, less about the inner feel of materials
- makeup
more informal, used in everyday speech
文法句型
the texture of [substance/material/system]
用法筆記
Can refer to the physical composition of natural or manufactured substances (soil, rock, fabric, metal), or figuratively to the arrangement of elements within an abstract system (society, community, institution). The physical meaning is more common.
常見錯誤
9. the particular quality of a piece of music that comes from the number and relati
織體；音質
各聲部交織的音樂效果
the particular quality of a piece of music that comes from the number and relationship of different melodies, harmonies, or instrumental lines that are heard together
In this quiet section, the texture becomes thinner as only the violin plays.
在這安靜的段落中，只有小提琴演奏，音樂織體變得更加單薄。
texture becomes thinner — describing density of sound
The choir created a thick vocal texture by splitting into eight separate parts.
合唱團分成八個聲部，創造出厚實的人聲織體。
thick vocal texture — many simultaneous vocal lines
Noa learned about polyphonic texture, where two or more melodies play at the same time.
Noa 學習了複音織體，即兩種以上旋律同時演奏的音樂結構。
A solo piano piece has a much simpler texture than a piece written for a full orchestra.
獨奏鋼琴曲的織體比為完整管弦樂團創作的曲子簡單得多。
Rohan prefers musical works with a complex texture and many layers of sound.
Rohan 偏愛織體複雜、具有多層次音響的音樂作品。
- sonority
more about the quality of sound itself than how parts combine
- orchestration
focuses on which instruments play which parts
- arrangement
broader term covering how all musical elements are organised
文法句型
the texture of [music/piece]
musical texture
用法筆記
A technical term in music theory and criticism. Common types include monophonic (a single melody line), homophonic (a melody with chordal accompaniment), and polyphonic (multiple independent melody lines played simultaneously).