wave
wave — 動詞
1. to greet someone, call for their attention, or say farewell by lifting one hand
揮手
舉手左右擺動以示招呼或再見
to greet someone, call for their attention, or say farewell by lifting one hand and moving it left and right in the air.
Vivek saw his friend at the station and waved to her from across the platform.
Vivek 在車站看到朋友，隔著月台向她揮手。
intransitive: wave + to + noun (greeting)
The children waved their hands excitedly when the ice-cream truck appeared around the corner.
孩子們看到冰淇淋車出現在轉角時，興奮地揮動雙手。
transitive: wave + object (hands)
Hyun waved goodbye to his grandmother as her train pulled away from the station.
Hyun 向祖母揮手道別，她的火車緩緩駛離車站。
A man on a balcony waved a white flag to show the building was safe.
陽台上的一名男子揮動白旗，示意建築物是安全的。
Dewi waved at the taxi driver until he stopped at the curb.
Dewi 向計程車司機揮手，直到他在路邊停車。
文法句型
wave + hand/arm (transitive)
wave + at/to + noun (intransitive)
wave + noun + direction adverb (e.g. wave someone over)
用法筆記
With wave of motion to + person when greeting, and wave at + person when trying to attract attention. Wave goodbye is a fixed expression used when someone is leaving. Can also take a direct object (wave your hand/arm/flag).
常見錯誤
2. to gesture with your hand so that a person or vehicle moves closer, goes away, s
示意
用手勢指示人或車輛移動方向
to gesture with your hand so that a person or vehicle moves closer, goes away, stops, or changes course.
The security guard waved the visitors through the metal detector one at a time.
警衛示意訪客一個接一個通過金屬探測門。
wave + object + adverb: wave someone through
Felix waved the waiter over when he was ready to order his dinner.
Felix 準備點餐時，招手示意服務生過來。
wave + object + adverb: wave someone over
A police officer waved the cars away from the accident scene on the highway.
一名警察示意車輛遠離高速公路上的事故現場。
Talia's mother waved her into the kitchen to help with the birthday cake.
Talia 的媽媽招手叫她進廚房幫忙做生日蛋糕。
The parking attendant waved us forward into an empty space near the entrance.
停車場管理員示意我們往前開，停在入口附近的一個空位。
文法句型
wave + noun + adverb/preposition (e.g. wave someone over/in/through/away)
用法筆記
This sense requires a direction word after the object — over, in, through, away, forward, back — to specify where the person should go. Unlike sense 1, the object here is always a person or vehicle, never a hand or object.
常見錯誤
3. to hold something and sway it to and fro, usually to attract notice, display it,
揮動
手持物品左右搖擺以引起注意
to hold something and sway it to and fro, usually to attract notice, display it, or communicate a message.
Selim waved the newspaper in the air to show everyone the front-page headline.
Selim 在空中揮動報紙，讓大家都看到頭版頭條。
wave + object + in the air (for showing something)
The excited fans waved colourful flags above their heads throughout the match.
熱情的球迷整場比賽都在頭上揮舞色彩鮮豔的旗幟。
Élise waved the letter in frustration, trying to explain what the bank had written.
Élise 沮喪地揮動那封信，試圖解釋銀行寫了什麼。
Hikers waved bright orange sticks to signal their location to the rescue team.
登山客揮動亮橘色的棍子，向救難隊標示他們的位置。
The chef waved a spoon over the pot and declared the soup ready to serve.
主廚在鍋子上方揮了一下湯匙，宣布湯已經可以上桌了。
文法句型
wave + noun (object you are holding)
wave + noun + around/about
用法筆記
The direct object is the item being held and moved — a flag, piece of paper, hand, or weapon. Often used with a location phrase (in the air, above their heads, over the pot) to show where or how the object is moved.
常見錯誤
4. (of hair) to bend into loose, gentle curves instead of lying completely straight
捲曲
頭髮呈現柔和彎曲的形狀
(of hair) to bend into loose, gentle curves instead of lying completely straight.
Her hair waves naturally to her shoulders without any help from styling tools.
她的頭髮不用任何造型工具，就會自然地捲到肩膀。
intransitive: hair + wave + adverb of location/degree
Christopher's hair waves slightly at the ends, giving his face a softer look.
Christopher 的頭髮末端微微捲曲，讓他的臉部線條看起來更柔和。
The little girl's hair waved softly around her face as she ran through the garden.
小女孩跑過花園時，頭髮在她臉龐周圍柔軟地飄動。
After the rain, Felipe noticed his straight hair had begun to wave at the tips.
下雨之後，Felipe 注意到他直順的頭髮末端開始捲了起來。
Diya's hair waves beautifully whenever she lets it dry without brushing it straight.
Diya 的頭髮在不刻意梳直、自然晾乾的時候，總是呈現美麗的波浪捲。
- straighten
to make hair lie flat without curves
文法句型
hair + wave(s) (usually used with adverbs or location)
用法筆記
Only used to describe hair. The subject is always hair or a specific head of hair. Often describes a natural hair pattern rather than a styled one. The opposite is straight hair.
常見錯誤
wave — 名詞
1. A raised ridge of water that travels forward across an ocean or lake, rising and
波浪
水面的隆起運動
A raised ridge of water that travels forward across an ocean or lake, rising and falling as a result of wind or movement in the water.
Tunde watched the tall waves crash against the rocks near the lighthouse.
Tunde 看著高大的波浪撞擊燈塔附近的岩石。
collocation: tall waves / waves crash
The children ran back up the sand when a large wave rolled onto the beach.
一個大浪翻滾到沙灘上時，孩子們跑回沙灘上頭。
Surfers waited for the perfect wave before paddling out into the cold water.
衝浪者等待完美的波浪出現，然後划向冰冷的海水。
Waves can travel across the entire ocean before they reach the shore.
波浪可以在抵達海岸之前橫跨整片海洋。
A huge wave knocked the boat sideways, soaking everyone on deck.
一個巨浪把船打向一側，甲板上的每個人都被海水濺濕了。
文法句型
wave + verb (crash, break, roll)
用法筆記
Often used with verbs describing movement: crash, break, roll, rise, and swell. The height of a wave is typically measured from trough to crest.
常見錯誤
2. A greeting or signal made by holding up an open palm and moving it left and righ
揮手
打招呼或示意的手勢
A greeting or signal made by holding up an open palm and moving it left and right several times.
Amihan gave her grandmother a quick wave as the train pulled away from the station.
火車駛離車站時，Amihan 向祖母快速地揮了揮手。
give + a wave
Christopher returned the wave of his neighbour, who was watering plants in the garden.
Christopher 回應了正在花園澆水的鄰居的揮手。
return + a wave
A wave from the lifeguard told swimmers it was safe to come ashore.
救生員揮了揮手，告訴游泳者可以安全回到岸上。
The mayor acknowledged the crowd with a friendly wave.
市長友善地向群眾揮手致意。
Hamza spotted his friend across the busy street and gave her an excited wave.
Hamza 在繁忙的街道對面看到了他的朋友，興奮地向她揮手。
文法句型
give + a wave
return + a wave
with a wave
用法筆記
A wave is typically made with the palm facing outward and the hand moving side to side, not up and down. The gesture is used for both greeting and farewell in most cultures.
3. A rolling motion through a large crowd when people in each row stand, lift both
人浪
觀眾席依序舉手的波浪動作
A rolling motion through a large crowd when people in each row stand, lift both hands overhead, and sit again in quick succession.
The football crowd started a wave that travelled around the whole stadium.
足球賽觀眾開始玩起人浪，繞了整個體育場一圈。
start + a wave
Lucía raised her arms when the wave reached her section of seats.
人浪傳到 Lucía 所在的座位區時，她高舉雙手。
The stadium wave is common at baseball games in Japan and South Korea.
在日本和南韓的棒球比賽中，人浪很常見。
To join the wave, stand, lift your arms, then sit when your row's turn comes.
要加入人浪，站起來、舉手，輪到你那排時坐下就行。
- Mexican wave
the same phenomenon, more common in British English usage
文法句型
do + the wave
start + a wave
用法筆記
Also known as the 'Mexican wave' in British English. This sense is almost always used in the singular and refers to the crowd phenomenon specifically at large spectator events.
4. A repeating pattern of movement that carries energy, such as light, sound, or he
波
能量在介質中的傳播形式
A repeating pattern of movement that carries energy, such as light, sound, or heat, through air, water, or solid material without moving the material itself.
Radio waves carry signals from the broadcasting tower to radios in nearby homes.
無線電波從廣播塔傳送到附近住家的收音機。
radio wave (compound noun)
Light waves travel much faster than sound waves through air.
光波在空氣中傳播的速度比聲波快得多。
sound wave / light wave
The physics teacher showed how sound waves bounce off walls to create an echo.
物理老師展示聲波如何從牆壁反彈，產生回聲。
Microwave ovens use short energy waves to heat food from the inside out.
微波爐利用短能量波從內部加熱食物。
Earthquake waves can travel through the ground and be detected by instruments far away.
地震波可以穿透地層，並被遠方的儀器偵測到。
- oscillation
a more technical term for a regular back-and-forth movement
- vibration
a rapid back-and-forth motion, especially through a solid or liquid
文法句型
sound + wave
light + wave
radio + wave
用法筆記
In physics, waves are classified as mechanical (sound, water) or electromagnetic (light, radio). The wavelength is the distance between two peaks of a wave.
常見錯誤
5. A sudden large increase in the number of similar events, especially bad ones, oc
浪潮；激增
短期內大量發生的負面事件
A sudden large increase in the number of similar events, especially bad ones, occurring within a short period.
The city struggled to respond to the sudden wave of burglaries that summer.
那個城市努力應對那年夏天突然出現的盜竊浪潮。
wave of [bad events]
A wave of flu hit the school, sending dozens of students home with fevers.
一波流感侵襲了學校，數十名學生發燒請假回家。
The government announced new measures to deal with the growing wave of cyber attacks.
政府宣布了新措施來應對日益增加的網路攻擊浪潮。
Obi warned that a fresh wave of infections could overwhelm the hospital before the weekend.
Obi 警告說，一波新的感染潮可能在週末前壓垮醫院。
Police reported a fresh wave of car thefts across the region last month.
警方通報上個月全區又出現了一波新的汽車竊案。
- decline
a gradual decrease in number or amount
文法句型
wave of + noun (crime, violence, protests, attacks)
用法筆記
Unlike sense 7 (a sudden strong feeling), this sense describes an increase in actual events or occurrences, not an internal emotional experience. Typically used with negative events such as crime, violence, disease, or protests.
常見錯誤
6. A series of people or things of the same type that arrive, appear, or happen one
一波波
同類事物分批接連出現
A series of people or things of the same type that arrive, appear, or happen one group after another, often with pauses in between.
The first wave of tourists arrived in March, followed by a second group in April.
第一批遊客在三月抵達，第二批則在四月到來。
first/second wave
A wave of job applications came in after the company posted the opening online.
公司在網上發布職缺後，湧入了一波求職申請。
a wave of + plural noun
The hospital prepared for another wave of patients as the winter storms continued.
冬季暴風雪持續來襲，醫院準備迎接另一波病患。
Each wave of settlers brought new languages and customs to the island over the centuries.
每一波移民都為這座島嶼帶來了新的語言和習俗。
Donations came in waves, with a big surge first and smaller amounts later.
捐款一波波湧入，最初有大筆金額，之後逐漸變少。
- succession
a series of people or things coming one after another
- stream
a continuous flow of people or things, without the pause implied by 'wave'
文法句型
a wave of + noun
first/second wave
in waves
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 5 (SURGE): here the emphasis is on the pattern of arrival in successive groups, not on the unusually large number. 'In waves' is a common fixed phrase meaning 'in separate groups over a period of time'.
7. A sudden and powerful emotion, such as fear, anger, excitement, or relief, that
心潮
突然湧起的強烈情感
A sudden and powerful emotion, such as fear, anger, excitement, or relief, that rises quickly inside you and affects how you feel or act.
A wave of panic swept through Vinícius when he realised his phone was missing.
一陣恐慌席捲 Vinícius，他發現手機不見了。
wave of + emotion noun (panic, relief, excitement, sadness)
Feeling a wave of relief, Élise closed the exam booklet after finishing the last question.
Élise 感到一陣如釋重負，她寫完最後一題後闔上了試卷。
feeling a wave of + emotion
The news of her promotion sent a wave of excitement through the whole team.
她升職的消息讓整個團隊掀起一陣興奮的浪潮。
A wave of sadness came over Heather as she looked at the old photographs.
Heather 看著舊照片，一陣悲傷湧上心頭。
Karim felt a wave of anger rise inside him when he heard the unfair criticism.
Karim 聽到不公平的批評時，一陣怒火在心裡升起。
文法句型
wave + of + emotion noun
用法筆記
Commonly followed by an emotion noun (panic, relief, excitement, sadness, anger, fear, guilt) connected by of. The verb collocates include sweep through, come over, wash over, feel, and send.
常見錯誤
8. A soft bend or repeated bends along the length of someone's hair, producing a sh
波浪
頭髮上的自然彎曲或波浪形
A soft bend or repeated bends along the length of someone's hair, producing a shape that is between straight and tightly curled.
Zuri's hair has a natural wave that she likes to show off.
Zuri 的頭髮有自然波浪，她喜歡讓別人看見。
has a natural wave
The hairdresser used a curling iron to create soft waves in Mira's shoulder-length hair.
美髮師用電棒在 Mira 及肩的頭髮上做出柔和的波浪。
create soft waves
Ravindra's new haircut brought out the waves in his thick black hair.
Ravindra 的新髮型讓他濃密黑髮的波浪更明顯了。
Lan applied a special cream to define the waves in her shoulder-length hair.
Lan 塗上專用髮霜，讓她及肩的頭髮波浪更分明。
Christopher's hair lost its wave after he spent the day out in the rain.
Christopher 的頭髮在淋了一整天雨之後失去了波浪。
- curl
tighter and more circular; a wave is looser than a curl
- undulation
more technical or literary; uncommon in everyday speech
- straightness
hair with no curves at all
文法句型
have + wave/waves
create + waves
用法筆記
As an uncountable noun (the wave in her hair) it refers to the overall texture. As a countable noun (waves in her hair) it refers to individual visible curves. The opposite texture is straight hair; a tighter version is curls.
9. A period of several days or weeks when the temperature stays much higher or lowe
熱浪；寒流
異常高溫或低溫持續的時期
A period of several days or weeks when the temperature stays much higher or lower than what is normal for that time of year and place.
A heat wave in July made it hard for the construction workers to stay outside.
七月的一波熱浪讓建築工人很難在戶外工作。
heat wave + in [month]
The city opened emergency shelters during the cold wave that brought temperatures below zero.
市政府在寒流期間開放了緊急避難所，氣溫降到零度以下。
cold wave — opposite of heat wave
Dario's family escaped the heat wave by spending a week at the beach.
Dario 一家在海邊待了一週，躲避熱浪。
Weather experts say this heat wave is the longest on record for this region.
氣象專家表示這波高溫是該地區有紀錄以來最長的一次。
Owen's garden was damaged by a cold wave that arrived late in the spring.
Owen 的花園被春末來襲的寒流凍壞了。
文法句型
heat wave / cold wave
用法筆記
Heat wave is far more common in everyday use than cold wave (which is often replaced by cold snap or freeze). When used alone without hot or cold, wave in the weather sense is ambiguous and usually requires a modifier.