battle
battle — 名詞
1. an organized fight using soldiers, weapons, ships, or planes, usually as part of
戰役；會戰
戰爭中軍隊間的武裝交戰
an organized fight using soldiers, weapons, ships, or planes, usually as part of a war between countries or armies.
The Battle of Waterloo ended the long war against Napoleon in 1815.
滑鐵盧戰役在 1815 年結束了對抗拿破崙的長期戰爭。
the Battle of [place] for named historical engagements
Many young soldiers from the village were killed in the battle.
村裡很多年輕士兵都在這場戰役中陣亡。
killed/wounded in (the) battle
Three British ships were lost during a fierce sea battle off the coast.
在外海一場激烈的海戰中，三艘英國軍艦沉沒了。
General Lee led his troops into battle the next morning.
Lee 將軍隔天清晨率部隊投入戰鬥。
The two armies fought a long battle in the snowy mountains near the border.
兩支軍隊在邊境附近的雪山中打了一場長時間的會戰。
- combat
uncountable; covers fighting in general, not one named event
- engagement
formal military term for a single armed clash
- skirmish
small, brief fight between small units, not a full battle
文法句型
the battle of [place]
battle between [side] and [side]
用法筆記
Often appears with the definite article in named engagements ('the Battle of Hastings'). The phrase 'in battle' is uncountable and refers to the experience of combat in general, not one specific fight.
常見錯誤
2. a long and difficult disagreement or contest between people, companies, or polit
鬥爭；爭奪戰
團體或個人間長期的公開對抗
a long and difficult disagreement or contest between people, companies, or political groups, often fought publicly through arguments, courts, or the media.
The two brothers are locked in a bitter legal battle over their father's house.
兩兄弟為了父親的房子陷入激烈的法律鬥爭。
bitter/legal/court battle over [issue]
Senator Diaz won a tough election battle against the former mayor of Lima.
Diaz 參議員在艱難的選戰中擊敗了利馬的前市長。
election/political battle against [opponent]
A public battle between the two record labels has delayed the release of the album.
兩家唱片公司之間的公開爭鬥延後了專輯的發行。
Local farmers have launched a battle against the new highway through their valley.
當地農民為了反對穿越山谷的新公路而展開抗爭。
The price battle between supermarkets is good news for shoppers in Taipei.
超市之間的價格戰對台北的消費者來說是好消息。
- agreement
shared decision that ends the dispute
- compromise
settlement where both sides give up something
文法句型
a battle over [issue]
a battle between [party] and [party]
a legal/political/court battle
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense never refers to physical violence. The 'fighting' is verbal, legal, commercial, or political. Common with 'over' (the issue) and 'between' or 'against' (the parties).
常見錯誤
3. a strong, lasting effort to deal with a serious problem such as an illness, pove
搏鬥；奮戰
對抗疾病或困境的長期努力
a strong, lasting effort to deal with a serious problem such as an illness, poverty, or addiction, when success is hard and far from certain.
Aunt Rosa lost her long battle with cancer last winter.
Rosa 阿姨去年冬天輸掉了她與癌症的長期搏鬥。
battle with [illness]; lose a battle = die
Sleeping only four hours a night, Hana faced a daily battle to stay awake at work.
每晚只睡四小時，Hana 每天都要奮力撐著不在工作中睡著。
a battle to + infinitive
The charity is still fighting an uphill battle against child hunger in rural areas.
這個慈善機構仍在為偏鄉兒童飢餓問題打一場艱難的硬仗。
After the fire, rebuilding the small bakery was a constant battle for the Garcia family.
火災過後，重建那家小麵包店對 Garcia 一家來說是場持續的奮戰。
Zane has been winning his battle with depression thanks to therapy and his dog.
靠著治療和他的狗，Zane 在對抗憂鬱症的過程中漸漸佔了上風。
- surrender
giving up the effort
文法句型
a battle to do something
a battle against [problem]
a battle with [illness]
用法筆記
Subject is usually a person (or organisation) in a long, costly fight. 'Lose the battle with [illness]' is a common, gentle way of saying someone died of that illness. Distinguish from sense 2: here the opponent is a problem or condition, not another person or group.
常見錯誤
battle — 動詞
1. to take part in a fight or armed conflict, especially against an enemy army or r
交戰；廝殺
與敵方進行武力對抗
to take part in a fight or armed conflict, especially against an enemy army or rival group, usually for control or victory.
Roman legions battled the local tribes for control of the river crossing.
羅馬軍團與當地部落為了爭奪河流渡口而交戰。
battle [opponent] for [goal]
Two boxers battled for twelve hard rounds before the judges chose a winner.
兩名拳擊手激戰了十二個艱難的回合，裁判才選出贏家。
battle for [number] rounds/hours
Pirate ships battled with the British navy near the rocky coast of Jamaica.
海盜船在牙買加多岩的海岸附近與英國海軍交火。
Rival gangs battled in the streets of the old city until the police arrived.
敵對的幫派在舊城街頭廝殺，直到警察趕到。
The young knight battled bravely against three armed men outside the castle gate.
年輕騎士在城門外勇敢地與三名持武裝的人搏鬥。
文法句型
battle [opponent]
battle with/against [opponent]
battle for [goal]
用法筆記
Can be transitive ('battled the enemy') or intransitive with 'with/against'. Often used in news and historical writing to sound more dramatic than 'fight'. The doer is usually a group, army, or trained fighter rather than a casual brawler.
常見錯誤
2. to work very hard over a long time to overcome a serious problem, illness, feeli
對抗；奮力
長期努力克服困難或疾病
to work very hard over a long time to overcome a serious problem, illness, feeling, or unfair situation, often with no clear sign of winning.
Hana has been battling depression since he lost his job two years ago.
Hana 自從兩年前失業後就一直在對抗憂鬱症。
battle [illness/feeling]
The Watanabe family battled to save their bakery after the flood damaged the ovens.
洪水損壞了烤箱後，Watanabe 一家奮力想救回他們的麵包店。
battle to + infinitive
Doctors in the small clinic battled against rising rates of diabetes in the village.
小診所的醫生們努力對抗村裡日益升高的糖尿病比例。
Zane battled with his shyness every time he had to speak in class.
Zane 每次要在班上發言時都得跟自己的害羞奮戰。
Aid workers are battling to deliver food and water to villages cut off by the storm.
救援人員正在奮力把食物和飲水送到被風暴隔絕的村莊。
文法句型
battle to do something
battle with/against [problem]
battle [illness]
用法筆記
Frequently in the progressive tense ('is battling cancer / is battling to finish'). Distinguish from sense 1: here the opponent is a problem, not a person. Common in news headlines about illness, addiction, poverty, or natural disasters.