sublimation
sublimation — 名詞
- sublimationsingular
- sublimationsplural
1. the process of taking a powerful feeling or drive — especially a sexual or aggre
昇華；轉化
將強烈情感轉化為建設性活動的心理過程
the process of taking a powerful feeling or drive — especially a sexual or aggressive one — and turning it into something constructive, like art, sport, or hard work
Tara described her long-distance running as a sublimation of the anger she felt after the divorce.
Tara 將她的長跑形容為離婚後憤怒情緒的昇華。
Freud believed that sublimation was one of the healthiest ways the mind handles forbidden impulses.
佛洛伊德認為，昇華是心靈處理被壓抑衝動最健康的方式之一。
psychology domain: Freudian concept
The therapist suggested that his obsessive cleaning might be a sublimation of deeper anxieties.
治療師認為他的強迫性清潔可能是深層焦慮的一種昇華。
For Eliska, painting became a sublimation of grief she could not express in words.
對 Eliska 來說，繪畫成了她無法用言語表達的悲傷的昇華。
- displacement
more general; can be negative or unconscious, while sublimation is specifically constructive
- redirection
broader term for any kind of rerouting, not limited to psychology
sublimation — 動詞
- sublimationpresent simple I / you / we / they
- sublimations3rd person singular
- sublimationing-ing form
- sublimationedpast simple
1. to change from a solid directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid, or t
昇華
固體直接變為氣體，不經過液態
to change from a solid directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid, or to make a substance do this
At room temperature, dry ice sublimates into carbon dioxide gas within minutes.
在室溫下，乾冰幾分鐘內就會昇華成二氧化碳氣體。
intransitive: substance + sublimates
The chemist heated the iodine crystals gently and watched them sublimate into a violet vapour.
化學家輕輕加熱碘晶體，看著它們昇華成紫色的蒸氣。
transitive: heat + substance + and + sublimate
Naphthalene mothballs slowly sublimate in a closed drawer, releasing a sharp smell that keeps insects away.
萘製的樟腦丸在密閉抽屜裡慢慢昇華，釋放出驅蟲的刺鼻氣味。
On a freezing sunny day, snow can sublimate without ever melting into water first.
在寒冷的晴天，雪可以在不先融化成水的情況下直接昇華。
The lab technician used a vacuum chamber to sublimate the camphor, leaving impurities behind as a dark powder.
實驗室技術員使用真空艙將樟腦昇華，留下深色粉末狀的雜質。
- vaporize
broader — includes liquid-to-gas transitions as well, not limited to solid-to-gas
用法筆記
Transitive when a person or device causes the change; intransitive when the substance itself undergoes the change.
常見錯誤
2. to take a basic urge or strong emotion and redirect its energy into something so
轉化；疏導
將原始衝動轉化為社會認可的行為
to take a basic urge or strong emotion and redirect its energy into something socially valued — for example, turning aggressive feelings into competitive sport or sexual desire into creative work
Theo sublimated his frustration with the unfair ruling into a series of sharp, well-argued essays.
Theo 將對不公裁決的憤怒昇華成一系列犀利而論證充分的文章。
sublimate + emotion + into + creative output
Many athletes sublimate their aggressive impulses into the controlled violence of the boxing ring.
許多運動員將攻擊性衝動昇華為拳擊場上受控的暴力。
She sublimated her unrequited love into a novel that won the national book prize.
她將單戀的苦澀昇華成一部獲得國家圖書獎的小說。
Hannah found that volunteering at the animal shelter helped her sublimate the loneliness she had carried for years.
Hannah 發現到動物收容所做志工幫助她疏導了多年來承受的孤獨感。
- act out
expressing an impulse directly rather than redirecting it constructively
文法句型
sublimate + noun phrase + into + noun phrase
用法筆記
Always transitive. The object is the emotion or impulse being redirected, not the creative or productive result.
常見錯誤
3. to lift something ordinary or basic to a higher, more refined level — treating a
淬煉；昇華
將平凡事物提升至更高境界
to lift something ordinary or basic to a higher, more refined level — treating a raw experience or material as if purifying it into something nobler or more beautiful
The playwright sublimated the petty gossip of a small town into a timeless tragedy about betrayal.
劇作家將小鎮的閒言碎語淬煉成一齣關於背叛的不朽悲劇。
sublimate + raw material + into + elevated result
A simple folk tune was sublimated by the composer into an orchestral suite that moved audiences to tears.
一首簡單的民謠被作曲家昇華為管弦樂組曲，令觀眾感動落淚。
passive: was sublimated by + agent + into + result
Over decades, Amani sublimated her raw talent into an art that felt sacred to anyone who watched her perform.
數十年來，Amani 將她的原始天賦淬煉成一門讓觀者覺得近乎神聖的藝術。
Unlike his contemporaries, who merely recorded events, the historian sublimated dry facts into a narrative as gripping as any novel.
與那些只記錄事件的同時代人不同，這位歷史學家將枯燥的事實淬煉成如同小說般扣人心弦的敘事。
A photograph of peeling paint was sublimated by the curator into a meditation on decay and memory.
一張剝落油漆的照片，被策展人昇華為對衰敗與記憶的沉思。
文法句型
sublimate + noun phrase + into + noun phrase
用法筆記
Figurative extension of the chemistry sense — treats non-physical things as if they were being purified through a phase change. Often used in arts and literary criticism.