will
will — 情態動詞
1. points forward to an event that has not yet taken place, whether you expect it o
將；會
表示未來發生的事
points forward to an event that has not yet taken place, whether you expect it or have made plans for it.
Ravindra will start his new job at the hospital next Monday.
Ravindra 下週一將開始他在醫院的新工作。
will + base verb for future event
The train will arrive at platform three in about ten minutes.
火車大約十分鐘後會抵達第三月台。
Eleni will not join us for dinner because she has to study.
Eleni 不會和我們一起吃晚餐，因為她需要唸書。
The manager says the meeting will finish before lunchtime today.
經理說會議將在午餐前結束。
Hyun and Christopher will travel to Japan together next spring.
Hyun 和 Christopher 明年春天會一起去日本旅行。
- be going to
more informal and often suggests a prior plan or visible evidence, while 'will' can be a spontaneous decision
文法句型
will + base verb
will not (won't) + base verb
常見錯誤
2. used to say that someone is ready or agrees to do something, especially in respo
願意；會
表示願意或同意做某事
used to say that someone is ready or agrees to do something, especially in response to a request or situation.
Élise said she will help me move my furniture this weekend.
Élise 說她願意這個週末幫我搬傢俱。
will for willingness to help
The mechanic will fix the brakes for free since it is still under warranty.
技師願意免費修理煞車，因為還在保固期內。
Maeve will not eat any food that contains dairy products.
Maeve 不願意吃任何含有乳製品的食物。
The dog will sit and stay when Baraka gives the command.
這隻狗會在 Baraka 下指令時坐下等待。
Defne will drive us to the airport if we ask her nicely.
Defne 願意載我們去機場，只要我們好好開口問她。
- be willing to
more formal and explicit about willingness
- agree to
focuses on the act of giving consent
- refuse
the opposite of agreeing or being willing
文法句型
will + base verb
用法筆記
Negative form 'won't' is often used to express a refusal. This sense typically appears in response to a request or proposal, rather than a pre-arranged plan.
常見錯誤
3. forms a question to request that another person perform an action, used in every
可以...嗎
請求對方做某事
forms a question to request that another person perform an action, used in everyday situations where you need a favour or assistance.
Will you please pass the salt across the table, Eitan?
Eitan，可以請你把鹽傳過來嗎？
Will you please + verb for polite request
Will you turn down the music so the neighbours can sleep?
你可以把音樂關小聲一點，讓鄰居能睡覺嗎？
Will you hold the door open for Heloísa while she carries those boxes?
Heloísa 搬箱子的時候，你可以幫她扶著門嗎？
Will you check whether the front gate is locked before bed?
睡覺前你可以檢查一下大門有沒有鎖好嗎？
Will you water the plants while Harper is away on holiday?
Harper 度假的時候，你可以幫植物澆水嗎？
文法句型
Will you + base verb?
Won't you + base verb?
用法筆記
This sense is question-only. Adding 'please' makes the request more polite. For very formal requests, 'Would you' is preferred over 'Will you'.
4. makes a friendly suggestion that somebody join you in an activity, or offers the
要不要
邀請或提供
makes a friendly suggestion that somebody join you in an activity, or offers them something like food or a drink.
Will you join us for a cup of coffee after the class?
下課後要不要和我們一起去喝杯咖啡？
Will you + verb for invitation
Will you have another slice of cake, Sari?
Sari，你要不要再來一塊蛋糕？
Will you have + noun for offer
Will you come to the cinema with Eleni and me this Saturday?
這星期六要不要跟 Eleni 和我一起去看電影？
Will you stay for dinner, Ravindra? We have made too much food.
Ravindra，留下來吃晚餐好嗎？我們做了太多菜。
Will you sit down and tell us about your trip to Thailand?
坐下來跟我們聊聊你的泰國之旅好嗎？
- would you like to
slightly more formal and common for offers
- do you want to
more informal and direct
文法句型
Will you + base verb? (invitation)
Will you have + noun? (offer)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3 (POLITE REQUEST): in offers and invitations, the speaker is proposing something the listener would enjoy, not asking for a favour. Rising intonation and a warm tone are common.
5. used in the main clause of a conditional sentence to talk about what the result
會
條件句中的結果
used in the main clause of a conditional sentence to talk about what the result will be if something happens first.
If Hyun studies hard, she will pass the exam with good marks.
如果 Hyun 努力學習，她會以高分通過考試。
if ... will for conditional result
The plants will die if Baraka forgets to water them for a week.
如果 Baraka 忘記澆水一個禮拜，植物就會枯死。
will ... if clause
If it rains tomorrow, the picnic will be moved indoors.
如果明天下雨，野餐就會移到室內舉行。
Maeve will buy the car if the dealer offers a lower price.
如果經銷商開出更低的價格，Maeve 就會買這輛車。
If you press this button, the machine will start automatically.
如果你按下這個按鈕，機器就會自動啟動。
文法句型
if + present tense, ... will + base verb
subject + will + base verb + if + clause
用法筆記
The 'if' clause uses the present simple tense, NOT 'will'. Common learner mistake: 'If it will rain' is incorrect in first conditional sentences.
常見錯誤
6. used to say that something is likely or probable, based on what you know or expe
應該；大概
表示推測或可能性
used to say that something is likely or probable, based on what you know or expect.
Heloísa will be at home now, since her shift ended an hour ago.
Heloísa 現在應該在家，因為她一個小時前就下班了。
will be for probability based on knowledge
That will be the postman knocking at the front door.
敲前門的應該就是郵差。
Christopher has not eaten all day, so he will be very hungry by now.
Christopher 一整天都沒吃東西，現在應該很餓了。
The package will arrive by Friday if the courier stays on schedule.
如果快遞保持正常時程，包裹應該在星期五前送達。
Defne will probably finish the report before the deadline next week.
Defne 大概會在截止日前完成報告。
- be likely to
used in more formal contexts
- should
strong probability based on expectation
- unlikely
the opposite of probable
文法句型
will + base verb
will be + adjective/noun
用法筆記
This sense expresses the speaker's logical conclusion rather than a future prediction. Often used with 'probably' or when deducing something from evidence. Distinguish from sense 1 (FUTURE EVENT) which talks about planned/scheduled future events.
7. expresses a forceful order when the speaker is upset or irritated, making it cle
給我；立刻
生氣地下命令
expresses a forceful order when the speaker is upset or irritated, making it clear that the listener must obey.
Will you stop tapping your pen on the desk right now!
你給我立刻停止在桌上敲筆！
Will you + verb! for angry command
You will apologize to Eleni for what you said, or leave the room.
你要嘛向 Eleni 道歉，要嘛離開這個房間。
You will + verb for firm order
Will you please sit down and listen to what Eitan is trying to say!
你給我坐好，聽聽 Eitan 想說什麼！
You will finish your homework before you touch that video game controller.
你給我先做完功課，才可以碰電玩搖桿。
Will you children quiet down this instant — the baby is trying to sleep!
你們這些孩子立刻安靜下來——寶寶在睡覺！
- must
less emotionally charged; expresses obligation rather than anger
文法句型
Will you + base verb! (emphatic)
You will + base verb (assertive command)
用法筆記
Unlike sense 3 (POLITE REQUEST), this sense uses strong or angry intonation and is often spoken with emphasis on 'will'. In written form, an exclamation mark is typical. Not used in polite conversation.
8. refers to something that is true in general or happens as a regular pattern, des
總是；會
表示習慣或普遍真理
refers to something that is true in general or happens as a regular pattern, describing predictable behaviour or known facts.
Sari will spend hours reading before falling asleep each night.
Sari 每晚睡覺前總是會花好幾個小時看書。
will for habitual behaviour
Water will boil at one hundred degrees Celsius at sea level.
水在海平面一百攝氏度時會沸騰。
will for general scientific truth
My grandfather will sit in his garden every morning with a book.
我祖父每天早上總是帶著一本書坐在花園裡。
A good teacher will explain the same idea in different ways until every student understands.
好老師總是會用不同方式解釋同一個概念，直到每個學生都懂。
The cat will sleep on the warm part of the floor where the sun hits.
貓咪總是睡在陽光照射到的溫暖地板上。
- tends to
focuses on likelihood rather than certainty
文法句型
will + base verb (general truth/habit)
用法筆記
Distinguish from the present simple tense for habits: 'will' in this sense adds a slight sense of 'this is what normally happens — you can rely on it'. It is common in general statements about predictable behaviour.
常見錯誤
will — 名詞
1. the mental strength that lets you control your thoughts, feelings, and actions,
意志力；毅力
控制思想和行為的心理力量
the mental strength that lets you control your thoughts, feelings, and actions, especially when something is difficult to do or resist.
Baraka had an iron will and refused to give up after the accident.
Baraka 擁有鋼鐵般的意志，事故發生後拒絕放棄。
collocation: iron will / strong will
It took all of Eitan's will to turn down the second piece of cake.
Eitan 用盡所有的意志力才拒絕了第二塊蛋糕。
The athlete's will to win pushed her through months of painful training.
這位運動員求勝的意志支撐她度過數月痛苦的訓練。
Maeve lost her will to continue after the project was cancelled suddenly.
專案突然被取消後，Maeve 失去了繼續下去的意志。
Heloísa showed tremendous will by studying every night while working full-time.
Heloísa 一邊全職工作一邊每晚讀書，展現了驚人的意志力。
- willpower
the most common near-synonym, especially for self-discipline
- determination
focuses on firmly deciding to achieve something
- resolve
strong determination to do something difficult
- weakness
lack of mental strength
- indecision
inability to make firm choices
文法句型
the will to + base verb
willpower
用法筆記
Often found in fixed phrases: 'willpower' (compound noun), 'strong will', 'iron will', 'will to live/will to succeed'. As an uncountable noun in this sense, it does not take an article unless modified.
常見錯誤
2. the thing or outcome that a person or group desires, especially in matters invol
意願；心願
個人或群體的願望
the thing or outcome that a person or group desires, especially in matters involving decisions, authority, or collective agreement.
The committee respected the will of the voters and changed the policy.
委員會尊重選民的意願，修改了這項政策。
the will of + group for collective desire
Christopher stayed at the party against his will because his friends begged him.
Christopher 出於朋友懇求，不情願地留在了派對上。
against one's will — unwillingly
It was the king's will that the castle be rebuilt after the fire.
國王的心願是火災後重建這座城堡。
Sari agreed to the plan of her own free will, without anyone pressuring her.
Sari 出於自由意願同意這項計劃，沒有人施壓。
The old woman made it clear that her will was to donate savings to charity.
這位老婦人明確表示她的心願是將積蓄捐給慈善機構。
- wish
simple desire; less formal
- desire
stronger feeling of wanting something
- preference
what someone would choose if given the option
- opposition
active disagreement with what is wanted
文法句型
the will of + noun
against one's will
用法筆記
Fixed phrases: 'against one's will' (unwillingly), 'of one's own free will' (voluntarily), 'the will of the people' (democratic preference). Do not confuse with sense 1 (MENTAL POWER) — this sense is about what is wanted, not the strength to pursue it.
常見錯誤
3. a legal document that states what a person wants to happen to their money, prope
遺囑
死後財產分配的法律文件
a legal document that states what a person wants to happen to their money, property, and belongings after they die.
Harper's grandfather left the family house to her in his will.
Harper 的祖父在遺囑中把老家留給了她。
leave + noun + in one's will
The lawyer read the will aloud to the family members in the office.
律師在辦公室裡大聲宣讀遺囑給家屬聽。
Eleni decided to write a will after her first child was born.
Eleni 在生下第一個孩子後決定寫遺囑。
Without a valid will, the court decides how to divide the property.
沒有有效的遺囑時，由法院決定如何分配財產。
The old will was replaced by a newer one that included the grandchildren as heirs.
舊的遺囑被一份新的取代，後者將孫子女列為繼承人。
- testament
formal legal term; often paired in 'last will and testament'
文法句型
last will and testament
in someone's will
leave something in one's will
用法筆記
The formal legal phrase is 'last will and testament', but in everyday English people simply say 'will'. Common verbs: 'make/draw up/write a will', 'leave something in one's will', 'change/update a will'.
will — 動詞
1. to try to make something happen by thinking about it very strongly, as if your m
用意志力達成
靠意念使某事發生
to try to make something happen by thinking about it very strongly, as if your mind alone could change the result.
Hyun willed herself to stay awake until the rescue team arrived.
Hyun 靠意志力讓自己保持清醒，直到救援隊抵達。
will + reflexive + to-infinitive
The runner willed his legs to keep moving even though every muscle ached.
跑者用意志力讓雙腿繼續前進，即使每塊肌肉都在疼痛。
Élise willed the phone to ring, hoping to hear good news about her job application.
Élise 用意志力祈禱電話鈴響，期盼聽到工作申請的好消息。
The crowd willed the team to score one final goal before the whistle blew.
群眾用意志力為球隊加油，希望他們在哨聲響起前再進一球。
Ravindra stood at the finish line and willed his daughter to cross it.
Ravindra 站在終點線，用意志力鼓勵女兒跨越終點。
- force oneself to
emphasizes effort against resistance; more common in everyday speech
文法句型
will + object + to-infinitive
will + that-clause
用法筆記
Unlike the modal verb 'will' (which is always followed by a base verb), the main verb 'will' here takes an object plus a to-infinitive ('willed herself to continue'). It is fairly formal and describes a specific kind of mental act, not a general feeling.
常見錯誤
2. to want or desire something to happen, used in very formal or old-fashioned cont
想要；希望
正式或文學用語的期望
to want or desire something to happen, used in very formal or old-fashioned contexts such as literature or official statements.
The queen willed that the ceremony begin at noon sharp.
女王希望典禮在正午準時開始。
will + that-clause for formal wish
Christopher willed that the funds be donated to build a new library in the village.
Christopher 希望這筆資金用於在村裡興建一座新圖書館。
will + that-clause for formal wish
The old captain willed fair winds for the departing ship.
老船長希望出航的船隻一路順風。
The council willed that the old building be preserved as a historic site.
市議會希望這棟舊建築被保存為歷史遺址。
Eleni willed nothing more than a quiet life away from the city noise.
Eleni 所求的不過是遠離城市喧囂的平靜生活。
文法句型
will + that-clause
will + noun (formal)
用法筆記
This sense is much less common in modern English. In most everyday contexts, 'want' or 'wish' are used instead. The that-clause form ('willed that...') appears mostly in literary or legal writing.
3. to pass your possessions or valuables to somebody through a legal document that
遺贈；留給
透過遺囑給予財產
to pass your possessions or valuables to somebody through a legal document that takes effect when you die.
Harper's aunt willed her entire art collection to the local museum.
Harper 的阿姨把所有藝術收藏遺贈給當地博物館。
will + something + to + someone
Baraka willed a small portion of his savings to a children's charity.
Baraka 將部分積蓄遺贈給一家兒童慈善機構。
The old fisherman willed his boat and fishing gear to his nephew.
老漁夫將他的船和漁具留給了姪子。
Eleni's grandmother willed her jewellery collection to each of her granddaughters.
Eleni 的祖母把珠寶收藏留給了每一位孫女。
The wealthy landowner willed that his estate be turned into a public park.
這位富有的地主在遺囑中指示將莊園改建成公園。
文法句型
will + something + to + someone
will + someone + something
用法筆記
More common verbs for everyday use are 'leave' or 'give'. 'Will' as a verb in this sense is a formal legal term and appears mostly in discussions about inheritance and wills (noun sense 3).