black
black — 形容詞
1. of the deepest dark shade, like charcoal or a moonless sky.
黑色的
呈現最深的黑色
of the deepest dark shade, like charcoal or a moonless sky.
Nina wore a black coat and boots to the winter concert.
Nina 穿著黑色的外套和靴子去冬季音樂會。
black + clothing noun for colour
The puppy has one white paw and one black ear.
那隻小狗有一隻白腳掌和一隻黑色的耳朵。
By evening, the bananas had turned black on the kitchen shelf.
到了傍晚，那些香蕉在廚房架上都變黑了。
A black taxi stopped outside the hotel during the rain.
一輛黑色的計程車在雨中停在飯店外。
After the fire, smoke left black marks above every window.
那場火之後，濃煙在每扇窗上方留下黑色痕跡。
文法句型
black + noun
be/look/turn black
用法筆記
Use this sense for the colour of objects, clothes, hair, or marks. Distinguish from sense 2, which describes a place or time with no light.
常見錯誤
2. with no light in it, so it is hard or impossible to see.
漆黑的
沒有光而看不清
with no light in it, so it is hard or impossible to see.
The house went black when the storm cut the power.
暴風雨切斷電力時，整棟房子都變得漆黑。
go black = lose light or power
At midnight, the path was black beyond the last street lamp.
到了半夜，最後一盞路燈外的那條小路一片漆黑。
The stage stayed black for a second before the music began.
音樂開始前，舞台黑了整整一秒。
Inside the cave, everything looked black after sunset.
日落後，洞穴裡的一切看起來都很漆黑。
By six o'clock, the farm road was already black.
才六點，農場那條路就已經一片漆黑了。
- dark
the most common everyday word
- pitch-black
stronger; stresses complete darkness
- unlit
focuses on the lack of lamps or lighting
文法句型
be/go black
black room / sky / road
用法筆記
Usually used about rooms, roads, stages, skies, or screens when light disappears. Distinguish from sense 1, which is about actual colour.
3. used for people with dark skin, especially with African family roots, and for th
黑人的
與黑人族群或文化有關
used for people with dark skin, especially with African family roots, and for their culture or communities.
Our library has a new shelf for books by Black writers.
我們圖書館新設了一個書架，專放黑人作家的作品。
Black + noun for people or culture
The school invited two Black musicians to lead the workshop.
學校邀請了兩位黑人音樂家來帶工作坊。
Her class is studying Black history through stories from Alabama.
她的班上正透過 Alabama 的故事學習美國黑人歷史。
The film follows three Black families in south London.
那部電影講三個住在倫敦南部的黑人家庭。
Many visitors came for the museum's Black culture festival.
許多訪客是為了博物館的黑人文化節而來。
- African American
fits many Black people in the United States, but not all
- of African descent
more formal and broader in international writing
文法句型
Black + noun
Black people
Black culture / history / community
用法筆記
Often written with a capital B when it refers to people, identity, or culture. Distinguish from noun/3 in another chunk: this adjective use before a noun is the normal modern wording, as in 'Black writers'.
常見錯誤
4. served with no milk or cream mixed in.
不加奶的
飲料未加牛奶或奶精
served with no milk or cream mixed in.
Jules drinks his coffee black on early work mornings.
Jules 在清晨上班時都喝不加奶的咖啡。
drink coffee black
Could I have two black coffees for table seven?
可以給七號桌兩杯黑咖啡嗎？
black coffee in a cafe order
Mina takes her tea black when she has a cold.
Mina 感冒時喝茶都喝不加奶的。
The waiter brought black coffee with toast and orange jam.
服務生送來黑咖啡、吐司和柳橙果醬。
After dinner, Grandpa always asks for his tea black, with no milk.
晚餐後，Grandpa 總是會說他的茶不要加奶。
- without milk
plain explanatory wording
- plain
can mean no extras, though it is less exact
- straight
informal, especially for coffee
文法句型
black coffee
black tea
drink / take + coffee or tea + black
用法筆記
Used mainly after coffee or tea, or after verbs such as 'drink' and 'take'. It does not mean the drink looks dark; it means no milk has been added.
常見錯誤
5. made very dirty by dust, soot, oil, or earth.
污黑的
沾滿污垢而發黑
made very dirty by dust, soot, oil, or earth.
By noon, the mechanic's hands were black with engine oil.
到中午時，那位技工的手已經被機油弄得污黑。
black with + dirty substance
After the camping trip, our socks came home black with mud.
露營回來後，我們的襪子沾滿泥巴，黑黑髒髒的。
The old kettle looked black from years of smoke.
那只舊水壺因多年煙燻而顯得污黑。
Coal dust left the miners' faces black at the tunnel gate.
煤灰把礦工們在坑道口的臉都弄黑了。
When Leo cleaned the chimney, soot turned his shirt black.
Leo 清煙囪時，煤灰把他的襯衫弄黑了。
文法句型
black with soot / mud / oil
black hands / nails / face
用法筆記
Often followed by 'with' plus the substance that caused the dirt, such as soot, mud, or oil. Distinguish from sense 1, where the black colour is natural or intended.
6. showing strong anger, hate, or bitter resentment.
氣沖沖的
顯出怒氣或敵意
showing strong anger, hate, or bitter resentment.
Mara gave her brother a black look across the dinner table.
Mara 在餐桌對面狠狠瞪了她弟弟一眼。
black look = angry expression
After the vote, the manager left the room in a black mood.
投票後，經理氣沖沖地離開了房間。
in a black mood
Owen's face went black with anger when the lie came out.
謊言曝光時，Owen 的臉都氣黑了。
After the referee's final call, the coach gave the bench a black stare.
裁判做出最後判決後，教練朝替補席狠狠瞪了一眼。
One black stare from Aunt Rosa ended the boys' argument.
Aunt Rosa 那一記氣沖沖的瞪視就讓男孩們停下爭吵。
文法句型
black mood
black look / stare
go black with anger
用法筆記
Usually appears in literary or dramatic descriptions such as 'a black look' or 'black with anger'. Distinguish from adjective/7 in the other chunk, which is about hopeless situations rather than a person's anger.
7. showing that a situation is likely to end badly and giving people almost no reas
黯淡的
讓人幾乎看不到希望
showing that a situation is likely to end badly and giving people almost no reason to feel hopeful.
By evening, the doctor's silence made the family's future look black.
到了傍晚，醫生的沉默讓這家人的未來看來一片黯淡。
black outlook = hopeless future
After three layoffs, the factory's future looked black to everyone in town.
經歷三次裁員後，鎮上人人都覺得這家工廠前途黯淡。
look + black
After the river flooded the farms, shop owners saw a black winter ahead.
河水淹了農田後，店主們覺得眼前會是個黯淡的冬天。
By winter, even the mayor said the flood rescue outlook was black.
到了冬天，連市長都說這場水災救援的前景很黯淡。
文法句型
look/seem + black
black + future/outlook/prospects
用法筆記
Often used with nouns such as future, outlook, picture, and prospects, or after verbs like look and seem. Distinguish from sense 2 (DARK): this sense is about a hopeless outlook, not lack of light.
常見錯誤
8. morally very wrong, or connected with cruel and harmful intentions.
邪惡的
品性或行為極壞
morally very wrong, or connected with cruel and harmful intentions.
The judge called the attack a black deed against an old man.
法官稱這次攻擊老人是邪惡的行徑。
black deed = wicked act
In the story, the king hides a black heart behind his smile.
在故事裡，國王笑容背後藏著一顆邪惡的心。
black heart
After the fire, villagers whispered about the merchant's black deeds.
火災過後，村民低聲議論那名商人的邪惡行徑。
At supper, Grandma Mei warned that revenge grows from black thoughts.
晚餐時，Mei 奶奶提醒大家，報復往往出自邪惡的念頭。
文法句型
black + deed/heart/lie
black + abstract noun
用法筆記
Most often appears before nouns such as deed, lie, heart, soul, or thoughts, especially in dramatic or literary style. Distinguish from sense 6 (ANGRY): that sense shows resentment, while this one judges character as morally bad.
常見錯誤
9. using jokes to talk about death, crime, or other shocking subjects.
黑色幽默
以玩笑處理可怕題材
using jokes to talk about death, crime, or other shocking subjects.
The play uses black humour to talk about death in a small village.
這齣戲用黑色幽默來談一個小村莊裡的死亡。
black humour + terrible subject
Many readers laughed, although the novel's black jokes came from war.
許多讀者笑了，雖然小說裡的黑色笑話來自戰爭。
black jokes
At the film club, Sara defended black comedy as honest, not cruel.
在電影社團裡，Sara 為黑色喜劇辯護，說它真實而不殘忍。
During the long hospital strike, the cartoon page used black humour.
醫院長期罷工期間，漫畫版面也用了黑色幽默。
- light-hearted
describes cheerful humour with no dark subject
文法句型
black humour/comedy/joke
black + noun for comic style
用法筆記
Usually comes before nouns such as humour, comedy, joke, or satire. The language sounds funny on the surface, but the topic is death, violence, illness, or another painful subject.
常見錯誤
black — 名詞
1. the darkest colour, seen in things like coal, ink, or a night sky with no moon.
黑色
最深的顏色
the darkest colour, seen in things like coal, ink, or a night sky with no moon.
The designer used black and gold on the concert poster.
設計師在演唱會海報上用了黑色和金色。
black and gold
Her cat's fur is mostly white with a little black.
她的貓毛大多是白色，只帶一點黑色。
a little black
The printer ran out of black before the school notices were finished.
學校通知還沒印完，印表機的黑色墨水就用完了。
A thin line of black around the map made the border clearer.
地圖周圍那圈細細的黑色線條，讓邊界更清楚了。
At sunset, the sky turned from blue to deep black.
日落時，天空從藍色轉成深黑色。
- white
the opposite colour at the light end of the scale
文法句型
in black
a touch of black
run out of black
用法筆記
Usually uncountable when it names the colour itself or black ink or paint. Distinguish from adjective sense 1, where 'black' directly describes a noun such as 'a black coat'.
常見錯誤
2. photographs, films, or pictures made with no colour, showing only dark, light, a
黑白
只有黑白灰，沒有彩色
photographs, films, or pictures made with no colour, showing only dark, light, and grey tones.
The wedding album was shot in black and white.
那本婚禮相簿是用黑白拍的。
in black and white
This old TV still shows cartoons in black and white.
這台老電視現在播放卡通時，還是只有黑白畫面。
Noa printed the portrait in black and white for art class.
Noa 為了美術課，把那張肖像印成黑白。
In the film, the opening wedding scene shifts to black and white.
那部電影裡，開場的婚禮場景會轉成黑白。
Our school paper printed the class photo in black and white.
我們校刊把班級照片印成黑白。
- monochrome
broader and slightly more technical; can include a single colour besides black
- greyscale
technical term, especially for digital images
- colour
used when images include a full range of colours
文法句型
in black and white
shot in black and white
print in black and white
用法筆記
Mostly used after 'in' for photos, film, television, and printed images. Distinguish from sense 1, which names the colour itself rather than a style with no colour.
常見錯誤
3. a noun sometimes used for a person with black or dark brown skin, but many peopl
黑人一詞
把 black 當名詞用，可能冒犯
a noun sometimes used for a person with black or dark brown skin, but many people find this form rude and prefer 'Black person' or 'Black people'.
The editor changed 'blacks' to 'Black people' in Monday's article.
編輯把週一那篇文章裡的「blacks」改成「Black people」。
preferred wording: Black people
On the old census form, blacks and whites were listed separately.
那份舊人口普查表把 blacks 和 whites 分開列出。
The museum rewrote its labels to avoid the noun black.
那間博物館重寫標示文字，避免把 black 當名詞用。
An older report called him a black, which readers now dislike.
較早的一份報告把他寫成 a black，現在多數讀者不喜歡這種稱呼。
Several Black writers said the noun black sounded cold in interviews.
幾位 Black 作家受訪時說，把 black 當名詞聽起來很生硬。
- Black person
preferred modern wording for one person
- Black people
preferred wording when speaking about a group
- African American
fits many Black people in the United States, but not all
文法句型
a black
blacks
用法筆記
Often avoided as a standalone noun in modern English. Writers usually prefer 'Black person' or 'Black people', especially outside historical quotations or discussions about wording. Distinguish from adjective sense 3, which is the normal form before another noun.
常見錯誤
black — 動詞
1. to make something turn black by adding paint, smoke, dirt, or another dark layer
染黑；變黑
塗上黑色或變成黑色
to make something turn black by adding paint, smoke, dirt, or another dark layer, or to turn black yourself.
Aiko blacked the stove pipe with thick paint before winter came.
Aiko 在冬天來之前用厚漆把爐管染黑。
black + object for making a surface dark
By morning, the cut apple had blacked around the seeds.
到了早上，那顆切開的蘋果在籽周圍已經變黑了。
intransitive: blacked around the seeds
Smoke from the fire blacked the kitchen ceiling in one night.
那場火的濃煙在一夜之間把廚房天花板燻黑了。
Ravi blacked his boots before the school parade on Friday.
Ravi 在星期五的學校遊行前把靴子擦黑。
Years of smoke blacked the shop sign above the bakery door.
多年的煙把麵包店門上的招牌燻黑了。
文法句型
black + noun
black + with + smoke / dirt
[surface / object] + black
用法筆記
Sense 1 can be transitive or intransitive. With a direct object, it means putting a dark layer on something; without one, it describes the surface itself turning black.
常見錯誤
2. if a union or similar group blacks a business, goods, or workers, it orders its
抵制
工會等拒絕經手或合作
if a union or similar group blacks a business, goods, or workers, it orders its members not to deal with them.
Dock workers blacked the cargo from that firm after the wage dispute.
碼頭工人在薪資糾紛後抵制那家公司的貨物。
organization subject + black + goods
The union blacked three drivers who crossed the picket line.
工會抵制了三名越過糾察線的司機。
black + worker in a labor dispute
For six weeks, printers blacked the paper supplier in Bristol.
六個星期裡，印刷工人在 Bristol 抵制那家紙張供應商。
Once the shop was blacked, no member would unload its trucks.
那家店一旦遭到抵制，就沒有會員肯替它卸貨。
The federation threatened to black any company that cut safety pay.
該聯盟威脅要抵制任何削減安全津貼的公司。
文法句型
black + goods / company / worker
be blacked by + union or group
用法筆記
Usually takes an organization as subject and a business, goods, or workers as object. Common in labor disputes; compared with the broader verb 'boycott', this sense often implies an organized ban on members handling the target.