involve
involve — 動詞
1. to have something as a necessary or natural part of an activity, event, or proce
包含；涉及
作為活動或過程的必要部分
to have something as a necessary or natural part of an activity, event, or process
Learning to drive involves passing both a written test and a road test.
學開車需要通過筆試和路考。
involve + gerund (verb-ing) for necessary components
The renovation project involves replacing all the old pipes in the building.
這個翻新工程需要更換大樓裡所有舊水管。
Her job as a nurse involves long shifts and working on weekends.
她當護理師的工作內容包括長時間輪班和週末上班。
Bilal's new business plan involves opening three cafés in the city centre.
Bilal 的新商業計畫包括在市中心開三家咖啡館。
Any major decision like this involves some degree of risk and uncertainty.
像這樣的重要決定都帶有一定的風險和不確定性。
- include
broader meaning — something can be part of a list without being necessary or integral
- entail
more formal, suggests one thing logically or unavoidably causes another
- require
focuses on necessity or obligation rather than natural inclusion
- encompass
more formal, suggests the larger thing fully covers or surrounds the smaller
- exclude
to deliberately leave something out
文法句型
involve + noun phrase
involve + verb-ing
用法筆記
Frequently used with a gerund (-ing form) rather than a to-infinitive. 'The job involves travelling abroad' (not 'involves to travel'). The object is often a noun phrase or another activity expressed as a gerund.
常見錯誤
2. to affect or concern someone or something as part of a situation or event
影響；牽連
影響到某個事件中的人或事物
to affect or concern someone or something as part of a situation or event
The scandal involved several top officials in the government.
這起醜聞牽涉到政府多位高層官員。
involve + person/people as affected parties
A dispute over land ownership involved the entire village for months.
一場土地所有權糾紛影響了整個村莊好幾個月。
The changes in tax law will involve anyone who owns a small business.
稅法的變更將會影響到每一位小企業主。
An investigation into the factory fire involved workers and managers alike.
針對工廠火災的調查同時牽涉了工人和管理階層。
- exclude
to keep someone or something outside the situation
文法句型
involve + noun phrase (person or group affected)
用法筆記
The subject is typically an event, dispute, change, or phenomenon. Unlike sense 1, the focus here is on the scope of impact — who or what is touched by the situation rather than what the situation consists of. Often replaces 'concern' or 'affect' in formal contexts.
常見錯誤
3. to bring someone into an activity or situation so that they take part in it or f
使參與
讓某人參加活動或成為其中一分子
to bring someone into an activity or situation so that they take part in it or feel connected to it
The teacher involved the shy student in the discussion by asking a direct question.
老師直接問了一個問題，讓害羞的學生也加入了討論。
involve someone in + noun phrase (group discussion)
Joaquín volunteered at the community centre to involve himself in local projects.
Joaquín 在社區中心當志工，讓自己參與到當地的專案中。
reflexive: involve oneself in + activity
Parents are encouraged to involve themselves in their children's education.
我們鼓勵家長參與孩子的教育過程。
Shanti's friend involved her in organising the school charity event.
Shanti 的朋友邀請她一起籌辦學校的慈善活動。
We want to involve the whole neighbourhood in the clean-up programme.
我們想讓整個社區都參與到清潔計畫中。
- engage
stronger sense of active, willing participation; also implies interest
- recruit
specifically about bringing new people into an organisation or activity
- incorporate
more formal; suggests making someone or something part of a larger system
文法句型
involve + noun phrase + in + noun phrase
involve + noun phrase + in + verb-ing
be/get involved in + noun phrase/verb-ing
用法筆記
Commonly used in the construction 'involve someone in something'. The passive form 'be/get involved in' is extremely frequent — 'She got involved in local politics'. The reflexive 'involve oneself' sounds more deliberate and is typical of formal or written English.